Application and Analysis of Metamaterial Cells Arrays in the Microfita Antennas Design
Microstrip antennas, Cell, Metamaterial, Rotation and Substrate.
Obtaining and integrating solutions for technological applications in the communications area has led researchers to investigate various types of materials, with emphasis on this case for the case of metamaterials in the construction of microwave circuits. On the other hand, due to the ease of construction, microstrip antennas have used metamaterials that are obtained artificially by allowing changes in their electromagnetic properties. In this context, the present work proposes a metamaterial cell for the development of the configuration of periodic arrangements, immersed in the dielectric substrate, in the construction of the microstrip antennas. For the design of the cell and microstrip antennas, the operating frequency of 5.8 GHz was used. Simulations with the HFSS® software that uses Finite Elements as a numerical method, were performed to analyze the electromagnetic characteristics of the cell and the parameters of the antennas. Numerical results performed with the cell understudy, has a strong influence of magnetic permeability on metamaterial properties, at the desired frequency. The first case study showed greater bandwidth and better impedance matching. In the second, despite obtaining a greater bandwidth, a decrease in the resonance frequency was observed, and a change in the impedance matching when the cells were rotated. To validate the results, prototypes were built for the first case under analysis and the measured results were compared to those obtained numerically, showing a good agreement. In the second study, only simulated results were obtained, considering the angle of rotation of the cells, ranging from 0 to 90 degrees with intervals of 15 degrees. For all the studied structures, the parameters analyzed were the reflection coefficient (S11), bandwidth, Smith chart, radiation diagram (2D and 3D), gain, electric field distribution, and surface current density.