THE ARCHITECTURE OF SIMULACRUM: "MEDIEVAL" CASTLES IN THE THE STATE OF RIO GRANDE DO NORTE HINTERLAND IN THE 20th CENTURY
Simulacrum; Castles; Rio Grande do Norte; Authenticity; Aesthetics; Identity
The work aims to critically evaluate the concept of simulacra applied to the three castles in the interior of Rio Grande do Norte built in the 20th century. The research begins with a critique of the idea of architectural "authenticity" and "truth," highlighting how such constructions are not configured as faithful representations of medieval Europe, but rather as autonomous expressions operating within the realm of simulation. It is delimited as a problematic question: how can the castles of Rio Grande do Norte be understood as simulacra, in light of Jean Baudrillard's theory, and what cultural, social, and aesthetic meanings emerge from this phenomenon? To this end, we propose a review of Jean Baudrillard's concept of simulacrum, situating his three orders of analysis and applying them to three castles in the interior of Rio Grande do Norte—Engady, Di Bivar, and Zé dos Montes—as case studies. The methodology combines bibliographic and documentary research, discourse analysis, and iconographic survey, combining critical theory and empirical observation. The research is justified insofar as Brazil did not historically experience the Middle Ages, but is home to an architectural production marked by its aestheticization and recodification, revealing both the power of the imaginary and the cultural hybridity of our time. The study seeks to contribute to the debate on authenticity, aesthetics, and identity by proposing an interpretation of Rio Grande do Norte castles not as falsifications of the past, but as simulacra that establish new symbolic and cultural realities