SOCIAL HOUSING AND HEALTH IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SARS-COV-2 PANDEMIC (2020-2021): STUDY ON HABITABILITY AND PERCEPTION OF RESIDENTS OF ZEIS PIRAMBU- FORTALEZA-CE
Sars-Cov-2; Habitability; Self-built Housing; Health, ZEIS PIRAMBU
This research focuses on self-built housing, habitability, and health. The study seeks to assess the health impact of luxury housing conditions, considering the specificities of self-built housing, whose precariousness contributes to the worsening of residents' health problems, especially in the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Habitability aspects demonstrate that adequate housing involves much more than the physical space of the house, including environmental, social, and urban factors. Studies on this topic point to solutions and intervention strategies in informal settlements, highlighting smaller-scale actions capable of generating significant impacts on the city as a whole. In this sense, precarious settlements, such as ZEIS Pirambu, located in the west zone of Fortaleza, Ceará, made social isolation an even greater challenge during the pandemic. Research related to housing and its interrelationships highlighted how the peripheries of Fortaleza were impacted during this period, due to factors such as safety, habitability, sustainability, building performance, and urban conditions. Thus, the object of study of this dissertation is limited to self-built housing and its relationship with habitability and health, posing the following guiding question: how did the habitability conditions of social housing in the Pirambu ZEIS affect the health of families during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic? Given this issue, the overall objective of the research is to understand the conditions of self-built housing in the Pirambu ZEIS, identifying their effects on habitability and health during the pandemic and post-pandemic period. The motivation for this study arose from direct experience in the Pirambu ZEIS, where local problems and recent transformations in the territory were closely inspired. Methodologically, this is a cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach, focusing on the Pirambu ZEIS in Fortaleza, Ceará. Priority was given to authors who discuss self-built housing, habitability, and health. The research included an exploratory empirical analysis of housing, using questionnaires administered to residents, photographic records, and audio recordings, with the aim of identifying and classifying habitability conditions. Therefore, this work seeks to contribute to the understanding of informality and housing problems in the Pirambu ZEIS, as well as to generate reflections on urban inequality, the dynamics of self-built space in vulnerable areas, and the effects of habitability on residents' health, considering social inequalities and health perceptions in the post-SARS-CoV-2 pandemic period.