Gestational syphilis: analysis of time series in Rio Grande do Norte and assessment of the completeness of notification data in the Brazilian context
Syphilis; Spatio-temporal analysis; Epidemiology; Disease notification; Public Health.
Objective: To analyze the temporal trend and projection of gestational syphilis cases in a state in northeastern Brazil, in addition to assessing the completeness of gestational syphilis reporting in Brazil. Methods: The first article was a time series from 2019 to 2022 and projections with data from the state of Rio Grande do Norte, involving all reported cases of gestational syphilis. The completeness analysis was based on notifications from 2008 to 2024 in Brazil, evaluating the percentage of ignored cases and classifying the quality of completeness as excellent, good or poor. Results: The study of temporal trends revealed a high percentage of late diagnoses, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy, indicating possible failures in prenatal care. The analysis points to a significant association between cases of gestational syphilis and the clinical classification of the stage of syphilis, the therapeutic regimen and the lack of adequate treatment of the pregnant women's partners. Regarding completeness, the variables education and clinical classification showed a consistent pattern of high incompleteness throughout the series, which classifies them as poor. Despite this, race and clinical classification showed a significant trend of reduction in incompleteness, indicating progressive improvement in the completeness of this information. The non-treponemal test showed a worsening trend, with a significant increase in incompleteness. Conclusion: The findings of this study emphasize the need for a multidisciplinary and intersectoral approach to address gestational syphilis in Rio Grande do Norte. In addition, the country as a whole lacks better reporting to properly manage actions aimed at preventing gestational syphilis.