Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: YAGO TAVARES PINHEIRO

Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : YAGO TAVARES PINHEIRO
DATE: 06/08/2024
TIME: 15:00
LOCAL: Plataforma virtual Google Meet
TITLE:

Spatiotemporal epidemiology of cases and deaths from congenital syphilis and its associated factors: an analysis between different regions of the world

KEY WORDS:

Congenital syphilis; Spatiotemporal analysis; Time series studies; Treponema pallidum; Vertical transmission of infectious diseases

PAGES: 85
BIG AREA: Ciências da Saúde
AREA: Saúde Coletiva
SUMMARY:

Introduction: Congenital syphilis is an infection caused by the bacterium Treponema Pallidum, the incidence of which has increased significantly in recent years in several low-, middle- and high-income countries, making this disease a health problem that requires public health systems to develop strategies to improve the identification, treatment and monitoring of potential cases, as well as deaths caused by this disease. Objective: To analyze the spatiotemporal epidemiology of cases and deaths from congenital syphilis in different regions of the world and identify its associated factors. Methods: This is a mixed-methods study divided into four studies. Study 1: Systematic review protocol to analyze the incidence/prevalence of syphilis in pregnant women and congenital syphilis in Brazilian cities and their respective predictors, structured according to PRISMA recommendations; Study 2: Protocol for a scoping review based on the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and guided by PRISMA-ScR, to map the spatiotemporal distribution of congenital syphilis in the world and the social determinants of health involved in this process. Study 3: Ecological study to describe the spatial distribution of deaths from congenital syphilis in Brazil, conducted using aggregated secondary data, made available in Brazilian government information systems, and corresponding to the 482 Immediate Urban Articulation Regions; Study 4: Scoping review developed based on the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR to describe the dynamics of the spatial-temporal distribution of congenital syphilis cases in different regions of the world and to identify the social determinants of health that influence this process. Results: Studies 1 and 2 described the respective research questions, as well as the methodological procedures by which each study should be conducted, which includes definition of the databases, inclusion criteria for the studies and collection and analysis of the information found. In study 3, we observed that the mortality rate due to congenital syphilis was 0.64 deaths per 1,000 live births. The distribution of deaths occurred heterogeneously, with the highest rates in the states of Pará, Acre, Rondônia, Rio de Janeiro and part of Amazonas. We identified statistically significant spatial clusters throughout the country, with the formation of high-high clusters in Pará, Rio de Janeiro, and Mato Grosso (p<0.05). We observed that the Gini index (p=0.008; 95% CI: 0.02–0.11), the number of nurses in primary care (p=0.027; 95% CI: 0.0005–0.00003), and the proportion of non-treponemal tests per pregnant women (p=0.016; 95% CI: 0.005–0.001) are variables that influence the occurrence of deaths. Finally, in study 4, we identified that countries in the American continent (Brazil, the United States, and Colombia) have shown a growing trend in CS cases in recent years, while regions in Asia, especially provinces in China, have shown a reduction in cases. Furthermore, Brazilian studies presented incidence rates that differed from each other for the same region and period analyzed. Additionally, we noted that the factors that determine the occurrence of congenital syphilis in the territory are homogeneous, that is, regardless of the location or country, the spatiotemporal dynamics of the disease are determined by the following factors: per capita income, population density, education, illiteracy rate, human development index, migration rate, social vulnerability index, water supply, basic sanitation, prenatal care, percentage of low birth weight babies, occurrence of AIDS co-infection, coverage of the supplementary health system and scope of primary care. Conclusion: Despite the reduction in cases of congenital syphilis in some regions of the world, there are still places that are more vulnerable to the occurrence of this disease, and it is important to analyze sociodemographic, economic and healthcare factors to define effective control strategies.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Presidente - 2379141 - RICHARDSON AUGUSTO ROSENDO DA SILVA
Interna - 2374850 - THAIZA TEIXEIRA XAVIER NOBRE
Externo à Instituição - AUREAN DECA JÚNIOR - UFMA