The Rotation of Solar-Type Stars Revealed by the GAIA Mission
Stellar rotation, Main Sequence, Solar analogs, Gaia Mission, Rotation period.
Recently, the Gaia Mission released an unprecedented sample comprising 474,026 stars of various luminosity classes
and spectral types, providing detailed information on their rotation periods. This dataset, derived from the GDR3 catalog,
offers homogeneous and high-precision measurements, enabling a systematic study of stellar rotational behavior across
different evolutionary stages. The central objective of this research is to identify and characterize solar-type stars, with
emphasis on those located on the Main Sequence, as well as solar analogs and twins, with rotation periods similar to that of the
Sun. The study also investigates how these periodicities relate to different stellar parameters and to the astrometric index
RUWE. The results reveal a total of 260,803 Main Sequence stars, among which 4,118 exhibit rotation periods compatible
with the Sun's, 15,278 were classified as solar analogs, and 567 as candidate solar twins. Notably, six stars were found whose
nine analyzed physical parameters are consistent with solar values, representing candidates extremely close to the Sun's profile.