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Intergenerational memory. Mathematics teaching. Present time. Historical materialism. Human emancipation.
This thesis investigates the critical intergenerational memory of mathematics teaching, focusing on the struggles and forms of resistance that shape its trajectories in the present time. It considers the possibility of emerging contradictory aspects of the teacher as a Jesuit, colonizer, dictator, and coach (self-enterprise trainer) that must be overcome. In this context, the study seeks to understand how identifications related to the constitution of teaching emerge through affective-critical reflection (RAC) in the form of denunciations and annunciations during the reconstruction of the critical intergenerational memory of teachers who teach mathematics today. Grounded in the perspective of historical-dialectical materialism (HDM) and supported by the theoretical contributions of Halbwachs, Candau, Bosi, Marx, Benjamin, and Freire, the research aims to analyze and interpret the memories of mathematics teachers through the central dialectical categories: totality, mediation, particularity, and contradiction, in relation to three strands of memory: formative, political, and work-related, inspired by Bosi and adapted to teaching. To this end, we conducted semi-structured interviews with eight mathematics teachers from the Paraíba and Pernambuco regions, born between 1973 and 1985. The results showed that critical intergenerational memory constitutes a potential and possibility for awareness, struggle, resistance, and transformative action in the face of contradictions in the Brazilian educational system, especially in the context of neoliberal policies and the deprofessionalization of teaching. Finally, the thesis advocates for the critical and continuous education of the mathematics educator as an agent of hope, human emancipation, and social transformation toward a better world, thus contributing to the construction of a humanistic, omnilateral, dialogic, socially referenced mathematical education committed to social justice.