UNVEILING SOCIAL CONTROL IN THE SUS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF MUNICIPAL HEALTH COUNCILS IN THE 5th REGION (TRAIRI) OF THE STATE OF RIO GRANDE DO NORTE
Democracy. Unified Health System; Social Control; Health Councils. Social Participation
INTRODUCTION: Brazil's Unified Health System (SUS) guarantees universal access to health, as established by the 1988 Constitution and subsequent laws. In this context, the Health Councils are instances of social participation and control of the SUS, promoting transparency and effectiveness. At the municipal level, municipal health councils are responsible for monitoring resources and promoting accountability in the health system, with a direct impact on the quality of care and the relationship with the community. OBJECTIVE: To analyze how social control in the SUS is exercised by municipal health councils in the 5th Region (Trairi) of the state of Rio Grande do Norte. METHODOLOGY: This study adopted an exploratory qualitative approach, using the action research method, centered on the researcher's commitment to popular issues and the search for solutions to social problems. Stages of investigation, thematization and action were followed, with evaluation of the results. The target audience included members of the Municipal Health Councils (users, health professionals and managers/service providers) of the Trairi Microregion of the 5th Health Region of Rio Grande do Norte, made up of 11 municipalities. Data was collected through focus groups. The data was analyzed using Content Analysis (Bardin), with the aid of the IRaMuTeQ tool in the R 4.1.3 software. RESULTS: The analysis of the data pointed to a prominence of discourses pointing to the following themes: user, participation, management and training, highlighting central dimensions for strengthening social control in the SUS. The emphasis on the term “user” reinforces the role of the population in deliberative spaces and as the core of council discussions. The emphasis on “management” indicates the importance of dialog between councils and managers in order to carry out the councils' activities, and brought in its context the difficulties linked to this point. Finally, the recurrence of the word “training” points to the need for continuous training of council members, recognizing a gap to be mitigated for the qualified exercise of the role of council member.CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that strengthening social control in the SUS requires investment in training council members and improving mechanisms for participation and dialogue between users and management.