PARTICIPATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS OF CHILDREN WITH MICROCONFALIA ASSOCIATED WITH ZIKA VIRUS CONGENITAL SYNDROME: FAMILY PERCEPTION
Zika vírus; Microcephaly; Family; ICF; Child.
INTRODUCTION: The ZIKV course in Brazil was a benign disease until the period when there was an increase in cases of newborns with the Zika Congenital Syndrome in the Northeast in 2015. In November of that year, with the change in the epidemiological pattern, the Ministry of Health (MS) declared a public health emergency of national importance. Three months later, MS inserted the diseases resulting from ZIKV into the compulsory notification list. And in February 2016 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared an emergency of public health and international interest. Knowing that children with SCZ may present physical, mental, intellectual and / or sensory disabilities from childhood and throughout life and that they will face various barriers, they may have their full and effective participation in the impaired society and, thus, professional practice should be guided by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (CIF) model that emerges as a relevant tool in disability management and based on human functionality, helping to classify living conditions and promote policies of social inclusion. OBJECTIVE: to know or understand? the perceptions of the parents of children with SCZ regarding the barriers and facilitators of the physical, social and attitudes environment and how these influence participation in activities. METHODS: an exploratory-descriptive study, developed from the qualitative approach, influenced by the phenomenological studies in the field of Social Sciences in health. For data collection, the technique of the focal group and semi-structured interview were used. RESULTS: From the thematic analysis of the collected narratives three categories were evident: Functions and structures of the body: "He has a lot of desire to walk, he has a lot of desire to talk"; activities and participation of children with SCZ: "I am a mother and I understand everything he wants just to look"; barriers of the social environment: "The health services of my city are a bit precarious. The narratives of this study reinforce that government policies should be based on the biopsychosocial model of the CIF, a tool based on human functionality, becoming extremely relevant in the management of disability and family-centered care, with improvements in access to specialized health care, besides guaranteeing the reduction of social barriers for the insertion and social interaction of children with SCZ. Therefore, it is legitimate to treat this set of problems as a public health emergency in connection with economic, social and cultural patterns and to get sick, since SCZ is related to the multiple vulnerabilities and complexity of this disabilty.