THE GENERAL TO SINGULARITY: A DIAGNOSIS ABOUT THE PLACE OF STUDY IN PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHOANALYSIS OF FREUD AND LACAN .
Diagnosis, Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis, Freud and Lacan.
This research starts in a case where the place of the diagnosis in the life of the subject was central. The literature review on the diagnosis addressed both to the psychiatric field as psychoanalytical, carried out in linked thematic books and articles, dissertations or theses on BvS Psi, SciELO, LILACS, CAPES Journal Portal. It was evident, in psychiatric diagnosis, the influence of the epistemic systems that support psychiatry. In psychoanalysis was seen as a slipping to the theoretical and clinical approaches that refer to the place of diagnosis. Has traced up, then, the goal of a more detailed theoretical research on this concept in the works of Freud and Lacan. In Freud's writings, we saw that the Oedipus complex theory and its relationship with castration – responsible for the symbolization of lack of representation of sexual difference in the psyche – maintains a diagnostic analysis in different mechanisms used by the psyche to handle this lack presented by castration. In neurosis, castration is repression object, in psychosis is forclusion object and in perversion is refusing object. In Lacan are three approaches: the first two relate to the preliminary interviews with the diagnostic structure; aiming the psychic constitution in engagement with the language. It ends with the resource of Borromean knot; this theoretical and clinical model brings to the foundations of the subject's constitution the enlancing records – R, S, I – and orients a diagnostic approach that is not grounded in the primacy of the signifier. This is a breakthrough of Lacan to the unnamable person enjoyment field, in which nodes are the support to think the psychic constitution and psychopathological knowledge. That diagnosis is not based on the classic psychopathology, is not given by the naming, but by tying records R, S, I, to each one’s knot. This final approach to Lacan, as the diagnosis, has provided us a fertile advance with the psychoanalytic clinic and leaves big questions for savoir-faire of psychoanalytic practice, yet to be climbed.