Morphological variations in venomous coralsnakes of species complex Micrurus ibiboboca (Wagler, 1824)
Geographic variation; sexual dimorphism; species delimitation.
The snakes of the Elapidae family include globally renowned representatives such as the black mamba, green mamba, king cobra, and cobras, known for their high toxicity and ecological importance. In the New World, this family is represented by the true coral snakes, which stand out for their striking coloration, reclusive behavior, and potent neurotoxic venom. Due to the extensive overlap of diagnostic characteristics, comprehensive revisions and descriptions of new species are commonly conducted, using both morphological and molecular traits, as the group also encompasses immense cryptic diversity. Recently, the Micrurus ibiboboca species complex was revised, leading to the redescriptions of the eponymous taxon and the description of three new species: Micrurus anibal, Micrurus bonita, and Micrurus janisrozei. However, these species fall into the category of vast overlap in diagnostic traits, highlighting the importance of employing diverse tools to investigate their differences. Additionally, as these species previously shared the same name, it is of great interest to investigate their morphological variations using different approaches. In light of this, the present study aims to investigate geographic variations in M. bonita, M. ibiboboca, and M. janisrozei, as well as to test sexual dimorphism in these three taxa and delimit species within the group using geometric morphometric techniques. Morphological variations were detected along a latitudinal gradient in M. bonita and M. ibiboboca; however, no variations were observed in individuals of M. bonita and M. janisrozei occurring in different morphoclimatic domains. Simultaneously, this work expands the geographic distribution of M. ibiboboca and M. janisrozei. Preliminary results show that the four species exhibit significant differences in head shape, but only M. bonita demonstrated sexual dimorphism for both size and shape, while M. janisrozei displayed dimorphism only for shape.