Banca de DEFESA: DANIELLE FERNANDES DE LUNA

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : DANIELLE FERNANDES DE LUNA
DATE: 26/02/2025
TIME: 14:00
LOCAL: Videoconferência via Gerência de Redes do CCET/UFRN
TITLE:

Regional Inequalities in Pap Smear Adherence in 2019: Analysis Using Data from the National Health Survey (PNS)

KEY WORDS:

Pap smear; Cervical neoplasms; Regional Inequalities; Screening programs; National Health Survey.

PAGES: 90
BIG AREA: Ciências Sociais Aplicadas
AREA: Demografia
SUBÁREA: Componentes da Dinâmica Demográfica
SUMMARY:

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cancer, represent one of the greatest challenges to global public health. In Brazil, cervical cancer, despite primary prevention through vaccination and secondary prevention through Pap smears, still presents high incidence and mortality rates. Regular screening through Pap smears is essential for early detection of this disease and increased survival. However, adherence to this screening varies significantly across different regions of the country, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of the factors influencing this practice. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with cervical cancer screening through Pap smears in Brazil among women aged 25 to 64, considering regional inequalities. Using data from the 2019 National Health Survey, statistical analysis was conducted using Poisson regression models with robust variance to explore the associations between Pap smear uptake and independent variables (age, education, income, race/color, residence, and health insurance coverage), estimating crude and adjusted prevalence ratios along with their respective 95% confidence intervals. The results show that younger women, particularly those aged 25 to 34, have the highest rates of not having had a Pap smear, with the North (49.5%) and Midwest (50.8%) regions standing out. The Southeast (38.1%) and South (38.5%) regions have the highest rates of Pap smears performed more than 3 years ago, especially among women aged 55 to 64. In contrast, the North (16.8%) and Midwest (18.7%) regions have the lowest rates of Pap smears performed in the last 3 years, evidencing inequalities in access to preventive health services. Women with higher education (up to 70.4% in the South) and income above 3 minimum wages (up to 73.9% in the South) have the highest prevalence of Pap smears, while those with lower education (46.2% in the Northeast) and income up to 1 minimum wage (48.6% in the Midwest) have the lowest rates. Urban residents (62.1% in the South) have higher rates of screening compared to rural residents (47% in the North and Northeast). Additionally, women with private health insurance (73.2% in the South) have significantly higher prevalence rates than those who rely exclusively on the public health system (49.8% in the Northeast).

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Presidente - 1016026 - JOSE VILTON COSTA
Interna - 1855608 - KARINA CARDOSO MEIRA
Externa à Instituição - PRISCILA MARIA STOLSES BERGAMO FRANCISCO - UNICAMP