Banca de DEFESA: VALDENYA PEREIRA DA SILVA

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : VALDENYA PEREIRA DA SILVA
DATE: 22/11/2022
TIME: 15:00
LOCAL: Remoto
TITLE:

DETERMINANTS OF INCOME INEQUALITY IN NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL: AN ECONOMETRIC STUDY OF PANEL DATA FOR THE STATES OF THE REGION, IN THE PERIOD 2012-2020


KEY WORDS:

Income Inequality. Brazil. Panel data. Taxation. Education. Social Programs.


PAGES: 64
BIG AREA: Ciências Sociais Aplicadas
AREA: Economia
SUBÁREA: Economia Regional e Urbana
SPECIALTY: Economia Regional
SUMMARY:


Income inequality manifests itself as one of the main problems faced by a nation. This derives from the fact that it is a very big obstacle to the sustainable economic growth of a country, since it prevents access to goods and services in an equitable way, and can harm a considerable portion of the inhabitants of a nation, by limiting an improvement in the population's quality of life. In the Brazilian case, income inequality is a phenomenon that deserves to be highlighted and that is also manifested from a regional perspective. The data show that the Northeast is the Brazilian region where income inequality is most evident. Among the five regions of the country, the Northeast presented the highest values for the Gini Index and the Palma Index, which are two important indicators that measure current income inequality. Therefore, in view of the above, it is the main objective of this dissertation, motivated by the relevance of the topic under study, to find out what are the determinants of income inequality in the states of Brazil, between the years 2012 and 2020. To achieve the proposed results, this research uses the econometric analysis of panel data, believing that it can better capture the existing heterogeneities between the states of the country. The data were taken from the Continuous National Household Sample Survey (PNAD continuous), from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), from the Social Indicators System (SIS) and from the National Accounts System (SCN), both also from IBGE, the National Council for Finance Policy (CONFAZ) and the Annual Accounts of the National Treasury Department (STN), found in the Brazilian Public Sector Accounting and Tax Information System (SICONFI). As most of the data was extracted from the Continuous PNAD, the initial year to be analyzed is 2012 because it was from this year that this research was implemented and the last year chosen is 2020 because it is the most recent with available data (for all variables). The results show that the variables that capture the effects of taxation, social income transfer programs and education are the ones that most significantly impact income inequality in Brazil. Thus, from the results found, it is clear that investment in public policies aimed at education and the expansion of social programs, in addition to a reform in the Brazilian tax system, can be configured as a way out for the redistribution of opportunities and an increase in the level of average income of the population in order to mitigate this serious problem that plagues the Brazilian economy.

 


COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Presidente - 1474874 - JANAINA DA SILVA ALVES
Interno - 2330704 - CASSIANO JOSE BEZERRA MARQUES TROVAO
Externa à Instituição - CRISTIANE SOARES DE MESQUITA CALLOU - UFRPE
Notícia cadastrada em: 01/11/2022 22:17
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