What's next? An analysis of the low-carbon energy transition and the management of solid waste from "green" energy
low-carbon energy transition; solid waste; sustainable development; renewable energy; environmental policy.
The low-carbon energy transition consists of replacing fossil fuels with renewable sources, being essential to tackle the climate crisis and promote sustainable development, and is directly related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In this context, the study addresses the management of solid waste generated by structures that make up the renewable energy production chain—specifically wind turbines, solar panels, and batteries from electric vehicles—considering the absence of specific regulation in Brazil. The central issue revolves around the following question: how can regulatory gaps in the management of solid waste from renewable energy compromise sustainable development from the perspective of Brazil’s low-carbon energy transition? This study is relevant as it highlights contradictions in the concept of “clean” energy and the risks of neglecting the final disposal of solid waste arising from the energy transition. The general objective is to investigate the application of Brazilian solid waste management regulations to renewable energy waste and how the existence of regulatory gaps may hinder the low-carbon transition, considering the social, economic, and environmental aspects of sustainable development. The research is applied, qualitative, descriptive, and explanatory, based on bibliographic and documentary review and comparative analysis. It concludes that the topic is partially regulated by the National Solid Waste Policy but requires specific regulation to align with the proposal of a just energy transition, which may be informed—appropriately adapted to the Brazilian context—by foreign frameworks, such as Regulation No. 1542/2023 of the European Parliament on the disposal of electric vehicle batteries and Japan’s guidelines for solar panel recycling.