Low-Energy Development of Andiroba and Copaiba Oil Nanoemulsions for Potential Wound Healing Applications
Antimicrobial, nanotechnology, andiroba oil, copaiba oleoresin, nanoemulsion, phase inversion.
The skin is the largest human organ and has, as one of its main functions, the
protection of other organs located internally in the body. Due to its anatomical position,
this organ is more susceptible to injuries, such as wound formation. The major risk
associated with wounds is potential contamination by microorganisms, which are
combated using antimicrobials—a large class of medications designed primarily to
inactivate bacteria and fungi. However, the improper use of this class of drugs has led
to resistance against many microorganisms, rendering numerous pharmaceuticals
ineffective and highlighting the need for the development of new medications against
these organisms. Andiroba is a tree native to the Amazon region and was already used
for various therapeutic purposes by indigenous peoples before the discovery of the
American continent. Some studies attribute antimicrobial effects to this plant, and to
enhance this effect, the use of nanotechnology was considered, combining its fixed oil
with Copaiba oleoresin. Thus, the objective of this study was to develop and
characterize a nanoemulsion formulation encapsulated with filtered andiroba fixed oil
and Copaiba oleoresin, using the low-shear phase inversion technique. The prepared
formulations were characterized by particle size analysis, Polydispersity Index, Zeta
Potential, Hydrogen Potential, Antioxidant Activity, and Antimicrobial Activity. So far,
stable products have been developed with satisfactory results.