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Feminism. Capitalism. Marxism. Oppression.
The women's movements that endorse a liberal economy have historically proven to be insufficient and problematic in the face of the social and political demands of the most varied groups that make up society, because they do not understand what is behind the oppressions. It is possible to visualize this insufficiency from the work of Betty Friedan (one of the representatives of liberal feminism in the United States in the 1960s), who treats the issue of female subordination as an autonomous question, disconnected from the other oppressions maintained and accentuated by the capitalist mode of production. In order to understand this problem and overcome it, it will be necessary to explore Karl Marx's theory of value and, based on authors such as Silvia Federici, Angela Davis, Heleieth Saffioti and Ana Montenegro, understand how the capitalist mode of production uses inequalities already present in pre-capitalist societies to solidify social marks which allow greater exploitation. It is from the dehumanization or inferiorization of certain groups it becomes acceptable and legitimate they are even more exploited in relation to other groups. It is in this sense that the need to analyze what is behind the oppressions suffered by women arises, understanding feminism cannot be understood as an autonomous political movement which seeks only gender equality from moral changes in the construction of female autonomy, as Friedan proposes. For her, women's liberation is limited to their search for their own identity. This perspective moralizes an issue that demands a historical materialist analysis and a rupture within the mode of production before focusing on the subjective aspects. This does not mean that these aspects are not
relevant, but rather they are insufficient to carry out a complete and deep analysis of feminist issues.