THE HABERMASIAN COSMOPOLITE PROJECT: A STUDY ABOUT THEORY AND ITS SENSITIVE POINTS
Habermas cosmopolitan theory; New world order; Democracy; Human rights.
The change in the world political and economic order started after World War II made Jürge Habermas reflect and write about it. The aim of this paper is to study the evolution of the Habermasian cosmopolitan theory, which studied the conditions of democracy in the National States, but, in view of the new configurations of the world order and based on the cosmopolitan ideas of Immanuel Kant, he revised some of his concepts and presented new formulations for a democratic and peaceful world society. Habermas studied the formation of the political structures of the National States and, in view of the irreversibility of globalization, suggested a legitimate political formation in plural societies, from procedural conditions of democracy different from those observed in the national states, but possible. He realized in the chaotic relationship maintained by the subjects of international law an unsustainable situation, which always led to war, and formulated a new configuration of these subjects structured in levels of power and political competence, to practice democracy, maintain peace and ensure the observance of human rights. Habermas, however, has been severely criticized on essential questions of his theory, which are also analyzed in this study and confronted in the face of Habermas's own writings and in the face of other authors who have made a different reading of Habermas' cosmopolitan theory.