Effect of whey protein use on orthodontic movement in rats
Orthodontics; Whey protein; Tooth movement techniques; Rats
Introduction: Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) involves a bone remodeling process that can be influenced by external factors. Several studies have pointed out that the whey protein (WP), commercially known as whey protein, which is widely consumed today as a dietary supplement, can interfere with bone metabolism and, consequently, with the bone remodeling process. Objective: To evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with of WP in rats subjected to orthodontic tooth movement. Methodology: In this in vivo, controlled, and randomized experimental study, 24 healthy male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus), aged between 8 and 12 weeks, weighing 250–350g, will undergo OTM with a closed nickel-titanium (NiTi) coil spring activated between the first molar and the upper left incisors, and will receive daily administration of either water or WP by gavage for 21 days. The sample will be divided into two groups: control group (CG) – rats subjected to OTM and daily administration of water (n=12), and experimental group (WP) – rats subjected to OTM and daily administration of 1.24 mg/g/d of WP (n=12). The amount of OTM will be assessed using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Aspects of the periodontal ligament will be described through morphological analysis. Bone resorption will be evaluated using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining – by counting osteoclasts, and root resorption will be analyzed through an imaging system to assess the number of grids with resorption lacunae. Bone remodeling will be investigated through a morphological study using the Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) technique and an immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies for OPG and RANK-L. Statistical tests will be performed using SPSS software version 20.0 for Windows, and a significance level of 5% (p<0.05) will be adopted for all analyses.