Analysis of Intraoral Ultrasonography in the Determination of Gingival Phenotype in Patients with Gingival Recession
Ultrasonography. Gingiva. Phenotype. Gingival Recession.
Intraoral ultrasonography has gained notoriety in recent years due to the possibility of generating images in real time, in a less traumatic and painless way for the patient and without using ionizing radiation, being ideal for the exploration of superficial tissues such as gingival tissue. Objective: To evaluate the reliability of intraoral ultrasonography in determining the gingival phenotype in patients with gingival recession. Methodology: This is a diagnostic accuracy study, consisting of a sample of 44 patients with gingival recession. The patients were submitted analysis of the gingival phenotype through transgingival measurement (reference standard) and intraoral ultrasonography (index test). To assess the precision and accuracy of ultrasonography, the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Cohen's Kappa Coefficient have been performed to date. Sensitivity, specificity, ROC curve, and area under the curve analyses will be determined later with the complete sample. Results: Until the present moment, 15 individuals have participated in the study, most of whom were female, with a mean age of 29.8 years. Thirteen individuals had recessions in premolar teeth. The mean gingival thickness determined by ultrasonography was 0.94 ± 0.24 mm, while the transgingival measurement was 0.74 ± 0.18 mm. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) demonstrated low reliability between the methods, with no statistically significant association (ICC=0.079; p=0.348).