IMPACT OF LOWER FIXED RETAINERS ON PERIODONTAL TISSUE: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Orthodontic Retainers; Orthodontic Appliances, Fixed; Orthodontics; Gingival Recession; Periodontics
The use of fixed orthodontic retainers can impact periodontal health, primarily due to difficulties in maintaining oral hygiene, which favor the accumulation of dental biofilm. Additionally, failures in orthodontic retainers may result in undesirable tooth movements, contributing to the development of mucogingival alterations. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate and associate the presence of mucogingival alterations with periodontal clinical parameters in individuals using fixed orthodontic retainers on the lower incisors. This is an observational cross-sectional study involving 36 participants, assessing mucogingival alterations, periodontal clinical parameters, and undesirable tooth movements in patients with fixed lower orthodontic retainers. Data collection will include oral hygiene parameters such as visible plaque index, gingival bleeding index, and bleeding on probing index. Periodontal clinical parameters to be collected include probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival recession, and gingival phenotype. Additionally, the type of labial frenum insertion, the integrity of the orthodontic retainer, intraoral photographic records, and lateral cephalometric radiographs will be analyzed to assess tooth proclination. Chi-square tests and Fisher's exact tests will be used to examine associations between the variables.