Banca de DEFESA: ARIKLÊNIO ALVES DA SILVA

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : ARIKLÊNIO ALVES DA SILVA
DATA : 25/10/2019
HORA: 09:00
LOCAL: Auditório do NUPPRAR
TÍTULO:
PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Hydrogen. CLR. Methane. Solid oxygen carriers. Iron. Nickel.

PÁGINAS: 92
GRANDE ÁREA: Engenharias
ÁREA: Engenharia de Materiais e Metalúrgica
RESUMO:

The actual global energy demand has caused an increase in anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases from the burning of fossil fuels. Because of that, energy production processes that release smaller amounts of these gases into the atmosphere have been the target of studies in recent years. Among these processes, Chemical Looping Reforming (CLR) of methane has gained attention because, through this process, methane is converted into synthesis gas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, without the release of CO2. Moreover, hydrogen is a clean combustion energy source, that means it does not release pollutants into the atmosphere, since its burning results in only water and heat. One of the determining factors of the CLR process efficiency lies in the performance of a solid oxygen carrier, which is a metal oxide-based material that promotes the conversion of the fuel into its reaction products, and it is necessary the development of a material that possess favorable properties and characteristics to this process. Based on this, this master's thesis aims to synthesize and characterize iron and nickel-based solid oxygen carriers supported in calcium aluminate and to evaluate the most promising to be applied in CLR processes. Calcium aluminate support was synthesized from eggshell as the only calcium source, since it is a rich CaCO3 residue; then, iron and nickel were impregnated in this support through the incipient wetness impregnation technique, in order to obtain 4 oxygen carriers: one with iron only, one with nickel only and two containing iron and nickel in different proportions (30% and 70%). Oxygen carriers were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed reduction (TPR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDS and reactivity by thermogravimetry techniques. Through XRD results, CaFe2O4 and FeAl2O4 phases were identified as the most reactive for iron-based oxygen carriers and NiO phase for nickel-containing oxygen carriers. The observation of the reduction profiles of the oxygen carriers indicates that the increase in the iron content leads to an increase in the reduction temperatures, suggesting a decrease in the oxygen transport rate. Additionally, it was observed through SEM images that the oxygen carriers exhibited different morphologies depending on the content of each metal, and a fine dispersion of the active phases on the support surface was observed in EDS mapping. From the reactivity tests by thermogravimetry it was observed that the oxygen carriers presented the capacity of reduction and oxidation in successive chemical cycles using methane, and an increase in the oxygen transport rate was reported as the nickel content increased. A maximum conversion of solids in the order of 89,5% was achieved in 66 seconds for the sample containing 70% of iron and 30% of nickel. Samples with 70% e 100% of nickel content showed better solids conversions compared to the one with 30% of nickel, but this difference is not that significative when taking into account the smaller nickel content of this last sample, which was classified as the most promising of this study. The evaluated materials, except for the iron-only based oxygen carrier, are suitable for application in CLR processes.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 349770 - DULCE MARIA DE ARAUJO MELO
Externa à Instituição - ELANIA MARIA FERNANDES SILVA - UFRN
Externo à Instituição - RODOLFO LUIZ BEZERRA DE ARAÚJO MEDEIROS - UFRN
Externo à Instituição - TIAGO ROBERTO DA COSTA - IFRN