Effects of zinc supplementation on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, platelets, and dietetic assessment in young healthy children
zinc supplementation – biochemical parameters – hematological parameters – healthy children
Objective: To study the effects of oral zinc supplementation on HDL-c, platelets, and food intake in healthy children. Methods: Fifty-five young children, both genders, aged 6-9 years, were studied during a three months period. It was characterized as randomized controlled trial, triple-blind study, formed by a process of non-probability sampling. The children of control (η=25, using placebo) and experimental (η=30, using 10 mg/day elemental zinc) groups were paired randomly. The study began at 7:00 am and ended at 8:00 am after a 12-h overnight fast. Body weight and height were measured using an electronic balance, and food intake evaluation was performed with a prospective 3-day food record on 2 weekdays and 1 on the weekend. Zinc was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, hematological analyses using the standard clinical laboratory method, and biochemical parameters using the colorimetric method. Results: There was a significant increase of weight, height, body mass index, and intake of all macro and micronutrients after 3-mo study in control and experimental groups. Energy, fat, and protein increased more significantly after oral zinc supplementation compared to oral placebo. Basal serum zinc concentration increased significantly in the control and experimental group at the end of study. However, platelet concentrations decreased and HDL-c increased significantly in the experimental group after oral zinc supplementation, without correlation with serum zinc. Conclusion: Zinc supplementation contributed to increase significantly energy intake, and fat and protein consumption in young healthy children. Importantly, zinc decreased platelet concentrations and increased HDL-c concentrations, results of great impact on public health of schoolchildren