CREAS between the actions of street-level bureaucracy and working conditions
Violence; social work; working conditions; social assistance; street-level bureaucracy.
Following the 1988 Constitution and the political and administrative decentralization initiated in 1998, Brazil has experienced a broad expansion of subnational bureaucracy, particularly in municipal bureaucracies responsible for providing services and guaranteeing rights. Social assistance policy through the SUAS (National Social Assistance System) has been one of the sectors representing this expansion, particularly of a street-level bureaucracy responsible for dealing directly with users in the provision of services. In particular, CREAS is the organization dedicated to providing specialized services to support families and individuals in situations of rights violations and social risk. However, gaps remain regarding the procedural aspects of working with families and individuals in situations of rights violations within CREAS. The actual working conditions within these organizations have also been highlighted as relevant, with the potential to affect both the provision of services and the health and lives of frontline workers. This dissertation is presented in article format and is organized into three parts. The first article is a narrative review of situations of rights violations, social work within the CREAS, and the intersectoral relationship with the Justice System. The main findings indicate the contextual and complex nature of demands for special protection; the importance of seeking service unity based on interdisciplinary professional practice; and the centrality of the characteristics of the demand, team capacity, and user participation in defining the process of services; and that strengthening intersectoral relationships depends on coordination, respectful dialogue, mutual understanding between SUAS and SJ, and the ongoing joint development of workflows. The second article is a narrative review of the actual working conditions of the street-level bureaucracy of CREAS/SUAS. The main findings are organized into four categories: inadequate infrastructure; precarious workforce regulation and management; technical and administrative issues; and unhealthy and dangerous work conditions involving situations of rights violations. The third part refers to the outline of a third article, which presents the proposal for an exploratory multiple case study on the implementation of CREAS in three municipalities in the metropolitan region of Natal, RN, focusing both on the procedural nature of the PAEFI offer and the influence of real working conditions on the provision of services and on the health and life of frontline workers.