Traffic accidents with fatal victims and alcohol consumption while driving on federal highways in the State of Rio Grande do Norte: 2007 to 2019
Traffic accidents; Deaths from external causes; Drinking and Driving Law; Federal Highway Police; Rio Grande do Norte
Considering the dangerous combination of alcohol and vehicular driving, the present study proposes to identify trends in the occurrence of traffic accidents with fatal victims caused by the use of alcohol while driving on federal highways in the State of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), from 2007 to 2019. This project is justified due to the importance of demographic studies on the subject, and that it comprises a period of important changes in Brazilian traffic legislation, such as the tightening of traffic laws to curb the consumption of alcohol while driving, such as the implementation itself of Drinking and Driving Law. The RN is a provocative investigative cut to demographic studies because it is located in one of the three Brazilian regions that have the highest traffic mortality rates. In this study, three hypotheses will be tested, among them that traffic accidents with fatal victims, with alcohol consumption by the driver as the main cause of the accident, showed a cyclical trend over the years from 2007 to 2019. To achieve the proposed objectives information from the Federal Highway Police (PRF) will be used. This source provides accident information available at two levels: occurrence and person involved in the accident, and both will be used in this study. In order to reach the proposed objectives, a database of 2,143 occurrences of alcohol ingestion registered on federal highways in RN was selected, and a database of 4,735 people involved in occurrences of alcohol ingestion registered in federal highways in RN. As methods, it is proposed the use of spatial analysis through the application of the Índice Local Moran I (LISA) using a univariate analysis, in order to identify in the RN patterns of formation of clusters of traffic accidents with fatal victims motivated by the consumption of alcohol using Qgis and Geoda software. It also proposes the use of time series analysis through the application of the Prais-Winsten model and the Durbin-Watson test in order to detect the possible effects of changes in traffic laws on the occurrence of these deaths on federal highways in RN over time using the R programming language. Among the main preliminary results is the following profile of fatal victims of accidents whose main cause was alcohol consumption: predominantly male (N=309; 78.4%), from the group aged 18 to 29 years (N=110, 31.2%), as a driver (N=236, 56.3%) and on federal highways in the interior of RN (N=95, 67.4%). For the implementation of the qualification project and subsequent realization of the defense, it is intended to carry out the structuring of the theoretical chapters, organization of the database and obtaining the results, with the defense forecast until may 2022.