New Brachyura Fossils from the Potiguar Basin Reveal the Diversity of Crustaceans in the Early South Atlantic
Paleoinvertebrates; Cretaceous; Morphometry; Paleoecology; Paleobiogeography
The opening of the South Atlantic during the Cretaceous period, caused by the rifting of Gondwana, transformed coastal ecosystems and favored the dispersion of marine groups such as Brachyura. This study presents the first documented occurrence of crustacean fossils in the Canudos outcrop, belonging to the Jandaíra Formation, Potiguar Basin. More than 40 fossils attributed to Brachyura were collected between 2023 and 2025. Morphometric analyses based on propods and dactyls were conducted via PCA in ImageJ and PAST 5.0 software. At least three distinct morphotypes were identified, suggesting a diverse fossil assemblage. The taphonomy indicates a shallow marine environment with moderate to high energy. The results significantly expand the record of fossil crustaceans in the Potiguar Basin and provide relevant data on the diversity of decapods in the Late Cretaceous, supporting future paleoenvironmental and paleobiogeographic analyses on a regional and atlantic scale.