A DEFINIR
Aditives; LCC; antioxidante; lubricity.
In recent times concerns have arisen in relation to environmental pollution and global warming, strengthening the search for alternative solutions to the consumption of oil and its derivatives. Thus, biodiesel was introduced in the Brazilian energy matrix through the National Program for Biodiesel Production and Use (PNPB), whose objective was to implement the production and use of biodiesel in a sustainable way, focusing on social inclusion and regional development, also aiming to reduce the dependence on imported fossil derivatives, diesel. Although diesel oil derived from petroleum has a high oxidative stability when compared to biodiesel, in blends between these two fuels the instability to oxidation of biodiesel predominates, which becomes an aggravating problem when a prolonged storage period occurs. This phenomenon of wear and/or corrosion can be common to most mechanical elements and devices, which can, in most applications, be determining factors in the quantification of the useful life of equipment. To avoid these situations, different procedures have been applied to minimize the effects of fuel use. Thus, this project aimed to produce antioxidant and lubricity additives from Cashew Nut Liquids, a by-product of the cashew nut processing industry. Eight additives were synthesized, 3-pentadecylphenol (CD), 2-tert-butyl-5-pentadecylphenol (CDA), 2- nitro-5-pentadecylphenol (CDN), diethyl-3-pentadecylphenyl phosphate (CDF), 3- pentadecylphenyl diphenyl (CDIF), tri (3-pentadecylphenyl) phosphate (3CDF), 2-tert butyl-5-pentadecylphenyl diethyl phosphate (CADF) and 2-tert-butyl-5-pentadecylphenyl diphenyl phosphate (CADIF). All of these products were characterized by a suite of experimental, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, infrared and GC/MS techniques. The antioxidant activity of these additives was evaluated using the DPPH and Rancimat methods. In both tests the concentration of each additive was 2000 mg/kg. For evaluation by Rancimat, each additive was inserted in a soy biodiesel synthesized in a laboratory and characterized according to ANP Resolution No. 45 OF 08/25/2014. All compounds stabilized the DDPH radical, with compounds CDA, CD and 3CF showing the highest percentages for free radical reduction, 81.1, 46.5, 43% respectively. In the evaluation performed by the Rancimat technique, all compounds increased the induction time of the analyzed biodiesels, and the largest increases were the compounds 3CDF (32.8%), CDA (31%), and CADIF (31%). The next step of this work will be to evaluate the lubricity capacity of the additives through the Four Ball technique, in the diesel/biodiesel blend. With the completion of this project we will propose eco-efficient, eco-compatible products and consequently adding biotechnological values for the fuel industries.