WOMEN AND VIOLENCE IN THE SERIDOENSE BACKLANDS: A READING ON THE SILENCE OF WOMEN WITHIN BACKLAND SOCIETY AND JUSTICE (1870-1889)
women, justice, impunity, backlands.
This dissertation aims to analyze criminal cases from 1870 to 1889 to understand how women
in the Seridó region legitimized complaints of physical, moral, and honor-based violence
against men. The central idea is to problematize how complaints were ultimately resolved,
leaving the defendant unpunished, contradicting the presence of witnesses, evidence, and even
the materiality of the crime, as provided by the corpus delicti. Understanding how femininity
was viewed in 19th-century society and justice is key to the analytical development of this
study. Through the judiciary, it is possible to examine the 1824 Constitution, the 1830 Criminal
Code, and the 1833 Code of Criminal Procedure. These three documents will provide a broader
understanding of how justice functioned in the 19th century. Through them, we will investigate
how women were positioned within the legislative and judicial apparatus, observing the flaws
in the lack of space available to women in these entities and how this absence interfered with
criminal trials. Nineteenth-century rural society offers another avenue for analysis. Examining
the social environment in which women present in criminal proceedings were inserted is
essential for examining which settings were permitted and open to this specific audience,
identifying the restrictions on spaces and behavior guidelines. Sertanejo society also has
specific customs and traditions, preserving strong conservative roots, more vigorously stifling
female voices. In addition to these axes, the order of discourse is addressed in depth,
understanding how the power of speech and narratives can become a powerful weapon in different interpretations. To understand the discourses of the period, a historiographical
overview will be provided, investigating how women were written about. Regional newspapers
will also serve as sources of study to identify the discourses. Therefore, this dissertation directly
engages with the social field, aiming to study the silencing of women in nineteenth-century
sertanejo justice.