Thermodynamic Models for Density, Viscosity, and Surface Tension of Biodiesel-Related Fatty Acid Alkyl Esters
Biodiesel, Fatty-Acid Alkyl Esters, Corresponding States, Thermophysical Properties.
Biodiesel is a renewable fuel mainly composed of fatty acid alkyl esters whose thermophysical properties directly affect mass transfer, fuel atomization, and combustion processes. These properties are essential not only for the individual esters commonly present in biodiesel but also for biodiesel itself, which is typically treated as a mixture of such compounds. However, reliable experimental data for these properties are often scarce, particularly over wide ranges of temperature and pressure. In this context, this thesis aimed to develop and evaluate predictive thermodynamic models for estimating thermophysical properties of biodiesel-related esters and biodiesel itself. First, density prediction was investigated using cubic equations of state combined with volume translation correlations, yielding average deviations below 1.5%. Subsequently, a model based on the Corresponding States Principle was proposed to estimate dynamic viscosity, presenting average
deviations of 7.9% at high pressure and 12.9% under atmospheric conditions. Finally, a surface tension model, also based on the Corresponding States Principle, was developed as a function of temperature, with average deviations of 0.98% for correlation and 1.90% for prediction. The proposed models show high predictive capability and applicability in process simulation and thermodynamic modeling involving biodiesel systems.