Comparative performance analysis of large-scale offshore wind turbines for the coast of Rio Grande do Norte
Offshore wind turbine; performance analysis; QBlade; aerodynamic simulation; Rio Grande do Norte.
The expansion of offshore wind energy has driven the development of large-scale turbines, characterized by increased rated power, rotor diameter, and generation capacity. This study comparatively analyzes the aerodynamic and energy performance of the DTU 10 MW, IEA 15 MW, and IEA 22 MW offshore turbines, considering a wind speed of 10 m/s associated with the offshore scenario off the coast of Rio Grande do Norte. Initially, a literature review was conducted on the evolution of offshore wind energy, wind resources, the technologies employed, and the main components of wind turbines. Next, the selected models were characterized and compared in terms of rated power, rotor diameter, hub height, swept area, and performance parameters. The simulations were performed using QBlade software, employing the Blade Element Momentum (BEM) and Vortex methods, with a wind speed of 10 m/s. The torque, rotational speed, power, power coefficient (Cp), and thrust coefficient (Ct) were analyzed. The DTU 10 MW exhibited a torque of 9.3221 × 10⁶ N·m, power of 7.9543 × 10⁶ W, Cp = 0.52, and Ct = 0.83. The IEA 15 MW exhibited a torque of 1.8144 × 10⁷ N·m, power of 1.3731 × 10⁷ W, Cp = 0.49, and Ct = 0.69. The IEA 22 MW exhibited a torque of 2.9007 × 10⁷ N·m, power of 2.0945 × 10⁷ W, Cp = 0.54, and Ct = 0.78. Under the analyzed wind conditions, the IEA 22 MW model exhibited the highest values for Cp, torque, and power, while the DTU 10 MW model exhibited the highest Ct and the highest rotational speed. The results indicate that performance depends on the parameter considered and that the IEA 22 MW model exhibited the highest generation capacity among the models under the simulated conditions. This research contributes to an initial comparative evaluation of offshore wind turbines of different capacities as applied to the coastal scenario of Rio Grande do Norte.