|
Thèses |
|
1
|
-
ALESI COSTA LIMA LEAL
-
Responsibility Ethics at the service of sustainability: a proposal to overcome the environmental crisis
-
Leader : JORGE EDUARDO LINS OLIVEIRA
-
MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
-
DANIEL DURANTE PEREIRA ALVES
-
JOSÉ GOMES FERREIRA
-
MARISTELA OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
-
Data: 3 févr. 2020
-
-
Afficher le Résumé
-
From the perspective of creating an environment for his existence, man has transformed and subjected nature according to his interests and needs. This practice has historically triggered various processes of environmental degradation, which have intensified and become problematized to such an extent that they have brought about the contemporary environmental crisis. There are many efforts to understand the environmental crisis, with a view not only to mitigating environmental problems, but also to broaden the debate about sustainability. Thus, the objective of this paper is to provide reflective subsidies for the understanding of the environmental crisis as an ethical problem and theoretical subsidies for the repair of this problem in the light of the ethics of responsibility. The methodology used to arrive at the results was divided into two stages. The first stage problematized the modern conception of nature as symptomatic of environmental degradation and demonstrated how the processes of degradation and the institutionalization of environmental problems and risks denounce the ethical character of the environmental crisis. In the second stage, Hans Jonas's ethics of responsibility was presented as a proposal for the repair of this problem. From the bibliographical research and the discussions, the work contributed to the identification of the origins of environmental degradation with regard to the influence of the modern conception of nature for the establishment of the environmental crisis. The importance of recognizing the ethical dimension for understanding the environmental crisis. The Ethics of Responsibility represents an alternative in the (re) foundation of moral values that guide society towards the adoption of more sustainable behaviors. It is important to continue the reflective exercise of broadening the comprehensive matrix on sustainability, beyond the economic, social and ecological dimensions, so that the environmental debate continues to mature and society to change practices that promote environmental conservation.
|
|
2
|
-
CLÁUDIA PATRÍCIA ARAÚJO E SILVA
-
GEOSCIENCE CONTENT ANALYSIS IN THE TEACHING BOOK: DUNES AS A REGIONAL THEMATIC APPROACH TO FUNDAMENTAL EDUCATION I
-
Leader : RAQUEL FRANCO DE SOUZA
-
MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
-
RAQUEL FRANCO DE SOUZA
-
IVANEIDE ALVES SOARES DA COSTA
-
MARIA JOSE NASCIMENTO SOARES
-
Data: 7 févr. 2020
-
-
Afficher le Résumé
-
Even though geology is not a compulsory subject in the Brazilian Basic Education curriculum, the contents of geosciences are distributed in existing disciplines, especially in Science and Geography. The researches that aim at studying the contents of geosciences in Brazilian Basic Education cover mainly Elementary School II and High School. However, studies indicate that even in Elementary School I these contents are present, although often not recognized as geoscientific, which favors the use of superficial information and detached from students' daily life. Published in 2017, the Common National Curriculum Base (BNCC) is the most recent Brazilian Basic Education policy document. Its function is to guide the essential learning that all students should develop throughout the stages and modalities of Basic Education. Both the BNCC and its predecessor legal documents stipulate that the contents must be complemented, on a local and regional scale, in order to contemplate the diversity and particularities of the student's universe. The object of study of this research were the textbooks of the disciplines of Science and Geography adopted in the Elementary School I by the municipal schools of Natal City, for the 2019-2022 quadrennium. The objective is to identify, quantify and elucidate the contents of geosciences present in this teaching cycle and propose a theme from which it is possible to study geosciences in an integrated manner, considering the local context. To quantify these contents, a counting methodology is described using ¼ page increments. The quantification of the contents was made considering the Thematic Units proposed by the National Common Curricular Base, as well as the spaces for the Student Book and the Teaching Guidelines in the Teacher's Manual. The results show that the contents of geosciences are present mainly in the science discipline; 18.13% of the contents of the science textbook were identified as contents of geosciences, being the the most representative studies related to the universe. The discipline of geography presented a total of 14.75%, mainly covering the study of the natural landscape. The joint analysis of the disciplines of science and geography shows that 16.44% of the contents addressed in them are from geosciences. In general, it is from the 3rd year onwards that the contents of geosciences are most expressive; in sciences they focus mainly on the 3rd grade book and, in geography, in the 4th grade book. The effort to propose a central theme for the study of geosciences from the local context of the city of Natal / RN culminated in the suggestion of the landscape, one of the emerging categories of the geography discipline, as possible articulation with other geoscientific contents. In the context of the coastal city of Natal, the study of the dune landscape is indicated as an integrative possibility of geoscience contents.
|
|
3
|
-
RAIMUNDA ADLANY DIAS DA SILVA
-
CROPPING OF DIFFERENT FIELD CROP AND GENOTYPES OF WOMEN IN FAMILY FARMING IN THE NORTHEAST SEMIARID
-
Leader : JULIANA ESPADA LICHSTON
-
MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
-
JULIANA ESPADA LICHSTON
-
EDUARDO LUIZ VOIGT
-
VICTOR HUGO MOURA DE SOUZA
-
Data: 19 févr. 2020
-
-
Afficher le Résumé
-
The industrialization process boosted the consumption of energy sources of fossil, non-renewable origin, as a result of this unbridled use, there is an increase in environmental problems, such as atmospheric pollution and an increase in the greenhouse effect. These problems directly affect man and the entire ecosystem in which we live. Therefore, it is necessary to expand research that seeks less polluting, renewable energy matrices that have high added value and that are tools for the inclusion of family farmers in the energy production chain. Among the potential crops for energy purposes, safflower has emerged because it has high added value and has tolerance to the environmental conditions of the semiarid region, marked by high temperatures, low humidity and low rainfall. Considering that Rio Grande do Norte is one of the Brazilian states that are part of the drought polygon, with the interior of the state marked by family agricultural production, studies on the investigation of safflower cultivation in the region have become socioeconomically relevant. Agriculture in RN is a productive sector that highlights women's participation in planting, cultivating, harvesting and marketing at fairs that take place in many municipalities in the state. However, this participation, often, has not had adequate visibility, being seen only as "help" even the woman working in the home, dedicating herself to the family, caring for small animals for consumption and commercialization, in addition to working in agriculture. The objective of this research is to evaluate three varieties of safflower cultivated in the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte, regarding germination, development and productivity. It is also intended to understand the dynamics and participation of a group of women farmers in the interior of Rio Grande do Norte, in the context of family farming, in addition to verifying the group's acceptance of the cultivation of potential oilseeds for the region. The germination of the seeds was carried out in a roll system with a photoperiod of 12 hours and a temperature of 35oC, daily performed the verification and counting of the germinated seeds, in sequence, the germination speed index was calculated. Field cultivation of safflower cultivars 1750, 946 and 894 was developed on the premises of the Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Norte - IFRN, Campus Apodi, with a 3 x 1 experimental design, in a block system interspersed with 3 repetitions and a drip irrigation. Photosynthesis and transpiration were measured with the LCpro-SD infrared gas analyzer (IRGA) (ADC Bioscientific). It was also calculated the area of the xylem on the stem, thickness of the palisade parenchyma, accumulation of dry biomass and moisture, in addition to seed yield and oil content of the cultivars. The oil from the newly extracted cultivars was submitted to quality analysis (infrared and saponification) and the residual biomass after oil extraction, to thermogravimetric analysis. The research with women farmers was carried out by applying a semi-structured questionnaire. Among the safflower cultivars in semi-arid conditions, the one with the best physiological performance was, in general, the cultivar 894. The cultivars showed good seed yield and high oil, still good chemical composition of the oil for application in the biofuels industry, with emphasis on the cultivar 894, which showed even greater productivity in terms of seeds. Its seed cake maintains its composition even after oil extraction, it can be used as animal feed because it remains with a high protein value, an important data for better and more efficient use of the culture. Through the aforementioned, it is evident the need to expand studies to map physiological mechanisms, from germination to productivity, as well as the quality of the oil produced from different varieties of safflower in search of combining the greatest number of development, productivity and physicochemical characteristics seeking greater efficiency and yield of cultivation in the field in semi-arid edaphoclimatic conditions. The Sítio Córrego farmers are receptive to the cultivation of safflower due to the high added value of the crop. They actively participate in agricultural work and have reflective thinking about the need for knowledge of the entire productive chain of culture for insertion in the region, aiming at local development, being able to contribute significantly to the construction of a success story of this oilseed in the Sertão.
|
|
4
|
-
MARIA JÚLIA GONÇALVES DE ARAÚJO
-
MANAGING WASTE FROM CIVIL CONSTRUCTION IN THE CITY OF CHRISTMAS: AN ANALYSIS IN THE LIGHT OF SUSTAINABILITY
-
Leader : DANIEL DURANTE PEREIRA ALVES
-
MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
-
DANIEL DURANTE PEREIRA ALVES
-
CIMONE ROZENDO DE SOUZA
-
MARIA DO CARMO MARTINS SOBRAL
-
Data: 19 févr. 2020
-
-
Afficher le Résumé
-
Civil construction is one of the activities that most cause environmental impacts in today's society, not only due to the extensive use of raw materials and the intrinsic transformation it produces in the environment, but mainly due to the inadequate disposal of waste. Despite the publication of laws, policies and standards related to the problem of solid waste, such as CONAMA Resolution 307 in 2002, PNRS in 2010 and NBR's, we can still see difficulties in the control, management and inspection of these wastes, either by the Public Power or by the private sector. The Municipality of Natal / RN does not have a Municipal Civil Construction Waste Management Plan, an instrument to be prepared by the municipalities and the Federal District, according to CONAMA Resolution No. 307. In view of the above, the main motivating question for this research was how management of waste from civil construction generated in the city of Natal / RN is currently taking place. Taking this issue as a starting point, the present study was prepared with the general objective of to analyze the current management of construction waste in the Municipality of Natal, from the perspectives of Brazilian legal-environmental regulations and sustainability. Considering the need to understand the management of RCC from a local perspective, the second stage of the research aimed to present a snapshot of how construction waste management takes place in Natal / RN, as well as to identify the gaps found for management as demand the official regulations. The methodology adopted was bibliographic and documentary research and semi-structured interviews were applied to some agents involved in the management process of the RCC in the Municipality, such as the public cleaning agency, the transport companies, the RCC landfill and a power plant. recycling. On-site visits and photographic records were also carried out at the landfill and at the plant. As result of this research, we found critical gaps in the legislation and lack of alignment with sustainability guidelines, especially with regard to recycling regulations. It was also possible to observe, in this section of the local scenario, that the practice of some agents is, in general, contrary to the ethical principles contained in the rules related to solid waste. The municipal public cleaning agency takes corrective actions instead of preventive measures, opting, until then, for the final disposal of waste in the first place and not considering RCC reuse and recycling practices. For waste management to be more efficient in Natal, there must be effort and political will, coupled with this, there is an urgent need for a consistent and long-term environmental education program aimed at the management of construction waste.
|
|
5
|
-
AMANDA NOGUEIRA MEDEIROS
-
ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITY OF SURFACE WATER RESOURCES AND THEIR SANITARY CONSEQUENCES IN THE STATE OF RIO GRANDE DO NORTE
-
Leader : JULIO ALEJANDRO NAVONI
-
MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
-
JULIO ALEJANDRO NAVONI
-
VIVIANE SOUZA DO AMARAL
-
JEAN LEITE TAVARES
-
Data: 21 févr. 2020
-
-
Afficher le Résumé
-
With an estimated population of 3.5 million inhabitants, the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN) has a large part of its territory inserted in the Brazilian semiarid region, which, due to its environmental characteristics, faces difficulties resulting from water scarcity, which is burdened when the quality of available water is degraded as a result of the natural geological characteristics and human activities developed in the region. In this perspective, the general objective of this research is to investigate the water quality of state reservoirs and their relevance as a risk factor to the health of the population. The scientific activity covered was planned in three parts. Chapter 1 deals with the characterization of the water quality of a representative reservoir in terms of its relevance to regional supply. For this, the selected study area was the municipality of Caicó, inserted in the Piranhas-Açu Hydrographic Basin domain. The research was carried out through water quality analysis represented by the Trophic State Index and qualitative quantitative occurrence of cyanobacteria. The database used was obtained from the Água Azul Program. The results achieved were support for the definition of the potential health impacts linked to eutrophication in the period from 2008 to 2016. In chapter 2, considering the contribution to the knowledge of the perception of environmental quality from the perspective of society inserted in the area of interest, a study of environmental perception was carried out through the application of interviews to residents of different neighborhoods in the city of Caicó, contemplating information referring to sociodemographic characteristics such as: infrastructural and economic aspects of family nuclei, information on social, cultural and sanitary characteristics , in addition to environmental aspects and their relationship with them. The results obtained provided relevant information related to the environmental problems experienced by the population, providing a subsidy to promote the improvement of the quality of the environment in which the population is inserted. Finally, chapter 3 addresses, based on the results obtained in the first two chapters, a general study of water bodies of importance for public supply in the state of RN and their consequences on the health of the population through information available in the database of the reports of the Água Azul Program at the state level referring to the period from 2008 to 2016 where the characterization was carried out through the IQA and EIT. In addition, an analysis of the occurrence of water-borne diseases of greater prevalence in the population of the municipalities of RN was discussed using the information available in the databases of the Primary Care Information System (SIAB) of the Informatics Department of the Unified Health System. Health (DATASUS) in the same period (2008-2016), in order to interpret a possible influence of water quality on the health profile of the population. The results obtained were useful to relate the relevance of water quality in population health and can contribute to assist in the management and decision making regarding the availability of water, as well as in order to minimize and mitigate the associated health impacts.
|
|
6
|
-
VINÍCIUS GABRIEL DA SILVA SANTANA
-
ANALYSIS OF SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL AND PRODUCTIVE ASPECTS OF BRAZILIAN SHRIMP FARMING
-
Leader : CIBELE SOARES PONTES
-
MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
-
CIBELE SOARES PONTES
-
KARINA RIBEIRO
-
LUIZ SODRE NETO
-
Data: 2 mars 2020
-
-
Afficher le Résumé
-
Throughout its historical process, Brazilian shrimp farming, like that of other western countries, has achieved good rates of economic growth to the detriment of the negative socioenvironmental impacts generated. A pioneer in aquaculture practices, Asia has intensified the stocking density and reduced the area size of its crops with a focus on production sustainability. In this context, this study is divided into two chapters, with the first objective of analyzing the historical process of shrimp farming in Brazil, seeking to understand its adaptations and elucidating its development. For this, we analyze the complexity of the social organization and the technological advances that have occurred in the sector and, then, we adopt the developmental perspective of Amartya Sen, in secondary data, illustrating the activity and its impacts. The results obtained show that as shrimp became one of the main commodities in northeastern Brazil, there was an increase in the complexity of the sector's coordination. However, the negative environmental impacts generated by its cultivation and the political measures that deprived the Brazilian shrimp trade caused economic stagnation. In the second part, we aim to assess how the stocking density of crops and their land use is arranged in Brazil. We analyzed 116 shrimp farming cycles, which took place from 2016 to 2019 on five farms. We compared the duration of crops, the average weight of shrimp caught, the use of feed and the Feed Conversion Rate between crops with densities of 6 and 10 shrimp / m², area sizes 2.6 and 4.9 hectares and number of phases by independent T test. We found that more densely grown crops occur over larger areas and require a longer duration. Biphasic crops are the most densely populated, occupy a larger area of land and use more feed. In all the variables analyzed, the individual weight of the shrimp did not differ and the Feed Conversion Rate remained low. We conclude that the western method of raising shrimp still has difficulties in intensifying crops and reducing land use. The investment in two-phase crops allows optimizing the use of land, but more effective measures are necessary to maintain the growth of production without increasing the use of mangrove areas. And, finally, all actors related to the activity have claims regarding experienced deprivations and the desire to expand their freedoms as a synonym for development.
|
|
7
|
-
WELSON AIALON ALCANIZ DOS SANTOS
-
HUMAN ECOLOGY AND CULTURAL ECOLOGY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN PORTUGAL AND BRAZIL
-
Leader : FRANCISCA DE SOUZA MILLER
-
MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
-
FRANCISCA DE SOUZA MILLER
-
ZORAIDE SOUZA PESSOA
-
MARISTELA OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
-
Data: 9 mars 2020
-
-
Afficher le Résumé
-
After the oil crisis in the 1970s, the growth demand for renewable energy sources around the world was configured as an opportunity to mitigate the harmful effects of using fossil fuels. Currently, international policies to stimulate renewable sources enable European countries to expand the main technologies in this sector, thus directing their actions to expand the productive market to other continents by selling technologies associated with this segment. Following the international trend, Brazil starts to lead a scenario of incentives to the renewable industry, especially the wind industry, based on sectoral policies that allowed the insertion of promotion mechanisms such as the Incentive Program to Alternative Sources - PROINFA. The Brazilian Northeast is today the main target of wind-electric projects. According to the open data from the national Energy Research Company (EPE, 2019), this portion of the Brazilian territory includes 424 projects in commercial operation, 141 wind projects under construction and 122 in the process of being granted and environmental licensing. This huge volume of projects corroborates our assessment of the industrial profile of the wind sector in an environment whose human activities in relation to their environment are, in fact, under-studied and deserve total attention. In view of this brief preamble, we raised the following hypotheses: do the activities of the wind energy sector, based on a European industrial model, take place in positive and / or negative socio-environmental impacts? If so, what changes have been triggered in the natural and human environment? What implications can such an activity bring to traditional local communities with different social, cultural, economic and environmental characteristics? The aim of the dissertation is to carry out a comparative analysis of the likely socioenvironmental impacts of the wind energy sector among producing municipalities, using two methods: Human Ecology (MORÁN, 1990) and Cultural Ecology (STEWARD, 1955). The comparative analysis between these methods was applied in two countries whose wind activity has been promoted, Portugal and Brazil. The Portuguese municipality chosen as a model area for this study was the Municipality of Torres Vedras, since the wind sector is already consolidated and in full operation since 2000; and the municipality of Jandaíra, in Brazil, where energy activity is still in full commercial and territorial expansion. The research methodology has an exploratory and descriptive character, and was developed from documentary and field information. The first chapter of the dissertation entitled “Wind energy and Human Ecology at Torres Vedras, Portugal”, represents the first stage of this investigation, while the second chapter “Cultural Ecology in Jandaíra, Rio Grande do Norte: an approach starting from Etno-history” presents an investigation of the social organization of the municipality of Jandaíra using the method of Cultural Ecology, from the reading of the narratives and history of this municipality. The results of the Human Ecology method applied in Torres Vedras determined that the forms of use, exploration and adaptation to the natural and human environment in this location, as well as the model of social organization, were determined by its historical, cultural and economic formation that enabled the settlement and permanence of this population over time and the socioenvironmental impacts linked to the wind sector come from two factors: the energy need of Portugal as a way to meet human and economic demands and the subjective perception of changes in the local landscape from introduction of wind turbines. The method allowed us to verify, also, that this productive sector is configured as an economic practice that attenuates the energy scarcity of this territory, however, it is not an activity that is superimposed on the other existing ones. Wind energy is actually a complement to basic local needs. Regarding the Cultural Ecology method, from the documents and interviews it was possible to verify that the formation of the city of Jandaíra had as main agents the work of the tropeiros from the neighboring cities (Lajes and Angicos, mainly) who used this village as a resting area and which, due to the availability and abundance of honey, started to sell it to other municipalities in the region. The oral reports given by the older residents also attested to this information and added the importance of drilling wells at DENOCS, in the early 20th century, as another element that allowed human settlement in what would become Jandaíra. The Cultural Ecology method also made it possible to discover in this location a strong ecological relationship in the social organization through the activities of “meleiros” and “meliponicultors”, who played a role in protecting the ecosystem and preserving the stingless bee. Observation of characteristics pertaining to culture Jandairense, whose elements of the ecosystem have a close relationship with traditional human activities, allowed us to develop a critique of what we call new ecological and cultural processes in the activity of the wind energy sector. In our consideration of this area, we reinforce the perspective that the socio-environmental impacts of this energy activity may overlap with the other elements existing material and immaterial culture, as these are being lost and undervalued, especially the oral culture of older residents, since this source of income generates in the new residents a possibility of formal employment in the energy production chain. In the end, we evaluated that the application of the Human Ecology method had positive points that allowed the analysis of the natural environment to the detriment of human activities for the spatial profile that was used. However, to analyze the specific impacts, it is necessary to use other variables to the method, such as, for example, a greater detail of the physical aspects that make up the landscape, of the physiography and of quantitative data that added to an ethnographic reading, would increase the perceptions of the studied impacts . The Cultural Ecology method was also shown to be satisfactory in the study of ecological relations with local culture, making it possible to verify how the local population understands their culture from the elements of nature, made possible by the methodology of Ethno-history.
|
|
8
|
-
ANA BEATRIZ GOMES FERREIRA
-
SEAWEEDS: TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
-
Leader : ELIANE MARINHO SORIANO
-
MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
-
ELIANE MARINHO SORIANO
-
JOSE GARCIA JUNIOR
-
MARCELLA ARAÚJO DO AMARAL CARNEIRO
-
Data: 25 mai 2020
-
-
Afficher le Résumé
-
Marine macroalgae have played an important role in coastal communities for centuries due to their diverse applicability. Currently, a large part of the algal biomass traded in the world comes from extractive activities and family farming carried out by traditional populations around the world, valuing traditional knowledge. In addition, marine macroalgae are considered a valuable source of a range of ecosystem services, covering the environmental, social and economic spheres. This study aimed to investigate the traditional knowledge and practices present in the extraction activities (harvesting and cultivation) of marine macroalgae on the beach of Rio do Fogo, RN, as well as to identify the ecosystem services provided by the macroalgae and their importance for coastal communities . The research was divided into two chapters. The first chapter identified the traditional techniques and skills applied in the extractive activities of harvesting and cultivating the G. birdiae macroalgae. In this chapter, it was demonstrated how the traditional knowledge of extractive activity encompasses knowledge about the ecology of the collected macroalgae and its life cycle. It was possible to verify that the traditional knowledge and practices present in the activities of extraction and cultivation have a positive influence on the conservation of natural resources, and that their use in a rational way is of great importance for the perpetuation of the knowledge of these traditional populations. In the second chapter, given the importance of the environmental, social and economic spheres of marine macroalgae, the study focused on the analysis of ecosystem services, providing a qualitative assessment of the records found in the literature on ecosystem services provided by marine macroalgae, in addition to the identification of services offered by the cultivation of the G. birdiae macroalgae, located in the municipality of Rio do Fogo. For this, a bibliographic research was carried out that addressed ecosystem services associated with macroalgae. A total of 1,428 articles were analyzed, of which 163 reported some type of ecosystem service. Of the total number of articles analyzed, regulation services were the most mentioned in the literature (30.1%), provision (28.4), support (28.0%) and cultural (13.5%), distributed in 16 services associated with macroalgae (natural banks and crops). In the cultivation of macroalgae on the beach of Rio do Fogo, 11 ecosystem services were identified, from which the local population benefits directly and indirectly. Thus, we can conclude that both natural banks and cultivation systems have offered numerous ecosystem services, thus contributing to environmental enhancement and positively influencing environmental preservation and conservation and human well-being.
|
|
9
|
-
JADNA MARIA SILVA
-
-
Leader : ELIZA MARIA XAVIER FREIRE
-
MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
-
ELIZA MARIA XAVIER FREIRE
-
MIGUEL FERNANDES KOLODIUK
-
SILVIA REGINA BATISTUZZO DE MEDEIROS
-
Data: 29 mai 2020
-
-
Afficher le Résumé
-
At the global level, concern about the contamination of the environment is notable and growing, considering that with the most polluting technological advances, nature is launched, like pesticides and electronic waste. In addition, human activities can enhance natural polluters, such as natural radiation and heavy metals removed from mining companies. Based on these facts, biomonitoring has been a very useful tool for the evaluation of toxic agents in the environment. Through environmental monitoring, especially using bioindicator organisms, it is possible to identify priority areas that are more contaminated or that present worrying natural factors such as the case of natural radiation, and thus direct efforts and studies to recover areas and mitigate impacts on the ecosystem. . In this perspective, this study aimed to review the world literature on the use of lizard species as model organisms to evaluate environmental contamination, and to test a species of endemic and saxicolous lizard in the Caatinga area of northeastern Brazil as a biomonitor of resulting genotoxic effects contamination by radioisotopes and other natural pollutants. Field work was carried out to collect specimens of the lizard Phyllopezus periosus, from December 2018 to July 2019, in three areas with different levels of natural radiation, namely a protected natural area -ESEC Seridó, an area with mining activity -the Brejuí Mine, and the area of the municipality of Lajes Pintadas, with a high incidence of radiation. In all lizard specimens found, after anesthesia under refrigeration, blood samples were collected and micronucleus tests were performed; environmental data were also collected, such as outcrop water samples and gamma radiation present in the air. During the review work, studies were found with ten families of lizards, using organic and inorganic contaminants, and it was found that most of the contaminants tested are toxic to animals, causing histopathological effects, oxidative stress and DNA damage. Our field study found a statistically significant difference for both micronuclei and nuclear alterations, including a wide variety of nuclear abnormalities, hitherto not previously identified. When nuclear changes were compared between locations, the most significant areas were Mina Brejuí and Lajes Pintadas. It was found, therefore, that lizards respond well to environmental changes, a fact that highlights them as relevant biomonitor organisms, as they are sensitive to several types of environmental contaminants including natural radiation.
|
|
10
|
-
ANA LÚCIA FERNANDES CAMPOS
-
GEOTECHNOLOGIES APPLIED TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE PADRE CÍCERO AGRARIAN REFORM SETTLEMENT IN THE RIO DOCE HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN, CEARÁ-MIRIM - RN
-
Leader : SEBASTIAO MILTON PINHEIRO DA SILVA
-
MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
-
JEAN LEITE TAVARES
-
RAQUEL FRANCO DE SOUZA
-
SEBASTIAO MILTON PINHEIRO DA SILVA
-
Data: 25 août 2020
-
-
Afficher le Résumé
-
In the state of Rio Grande do Norte, northeast region of Brazil, 286 Federal Land Reform Projects were created, from 1987 to 2019. In total, these settlements occupy an area of 520 thousand hectares, corresponding to 10% of the territory of Rio Grande do Norte, and which live more than twenty thousand families benefited by the National Agrarian Reform Program. The Superintendency of the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform - RN is the body responsible for managing the reformed areas in the State. Political, structural and conjunctural aspects consolidated in budget restrictions hinder the work of monitoring the evolution of the occupation of these settlements. As a result, systematic environmental inspection and monitoring using traditional field visit methods becomes costly for all RN settlements. The objective of the research was to investigate the changes, possible impacts and the current environmental conditions of PA Padre Cícero, seeking to contribute with updated data and information to improve the planning and environmental management of the occupied area. Current data on agrarian reform regulations in Brazil and on the environmental management of agrarian reform settlements in Rio Grande do Norte are also presented. The Padre Cícero Settlement was selected due to its significant environmental relevance, as it comprises several microbasins from the sources of the Guajiru River and Rio do Mudo, which are part of the Rio Doce-RN Hydrographic Basin, which is one of the most important in the state. Satellite, drone, soil and water analysis were used, in addition to surveys and field observations. The Land Use and Coverage Map was prepared with a scene from the Sentinel- 2 satellite, the results of which show that the Padre Cícero Settlement has good vegetation cover in the Legal Reserve area, that 43% of the area corresponds to uncovered soil and pasture area , and that surface water resources represent, worryingly, less than 1% of the settlement area. The soil, Neossolo Quartzarênico, dominant in the area is deficient in nutrients and susceptible to erosive processes. Water analysis indicated inadequate quality for human consumption, being usable for animal drinking. It was found that deforestation, inadequate soil management and irregular occupation of Permanent Preservation Areas are compromising the quantity and quality of water in the settlement. It is necessary to adopt mitigating measures, mainly reforestation of the Permanent Preservation Areas of Lagoa dos Pombos and Riacho Jambolão, which should directly contribute to improving the quality and quantity of water in the settlement. The use of geotechnologies was important for research and, certainly, it can contribute to studies that aim at improving the environmental management of agrarian reform settlements in the perspective of the use and sustainable use of land.
|
|
11
|
-
MÁRCIO VILELA DE OLIVEIRA
-
VULNERABILITY OF PESTICIDE SPRAY WORKERS IN THE AGRESTE POTIGUAR: THE CASE OF VERA CRUZ-RN
-
Leader : CIMONE ROZENDO DE SOUZA
-
MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
-
CIMONE ROZENDO DE SOUZA
-
GEOVANIA DA SILVA TOSCANO
-
VIVIANE SOUZA DO AMARAL
-
Data: 28 août 2020
-
-
Afficher le Résumé
-
In the interior of Rio Grande do Norte, as well as in muchofBrazil, theprocessofagriculturalmodernizationfavoredtheintensificationofthe use ofpesticides, as well as theirindiscriminate use in agriculture. In themunicipalityof Vera Cruz - RN, thelocationofthisresearch, thissituationhasbeenaggravated in thelast 15 years, especially in rural areas. In thiscontext, groupsofworkerswerespecialized in theactivityofsprayingpesticides, but in a veryprecariousmanner, sincetheworkinvolveslow-skilled labor andvery adverse socioeconomicconditions (loweducation, rareemploymentopportunities,lowincome, etc.). Fromtheseconsiderations, theobjectiveofthisstudywastounderstandthesituationsofaggravationofsocio-environmentalvulnerabilitytowhich spray workers are subjected in themunicipalityof Vera Cruz. Tothisend, themodernizationofagriculture in Brazilhasbeencontextualized, especially in theplace in question, seekingtomapandcharacterizethesegroupsbasedontheirsocioeconomic, healthandworkconditions. Thisis a case study, withfourteen interviews, carried out withthegroupofsprayers in thatmunicipality. It wasdecidedtoreconstructthetrajectoryoftheseworkers, emphasizingtheelementsthatinfluencethe “choice” ofthisdangerousfunction. The researchinvolved a literaturereviewonsocio-environmentalvulnerability, development, modernizationofagricultureandthe use ofpesticides in Brazil, risksandworkerhealth. The analyzes show significantchanges in agriculture in themunicipality, presenting a modernization in theformsofcultivation, markedbytheintensive use ofchemical inputs - in particular, pesticides. The sprayingactivityisperformedbythemostvulnerablesubjects (youngmen) in thatterritory.With a lowlevelofeducation, in a placewithlowincomesandrareemploymentoptions, sprayingisoneoftheonlypossibilities for occupation. The incomefromsprayingisgeneratedexclusivelywiththedaily labor force andiscompletely informal, seasonalandunhealthy. Evenrecognizingthedangers (sincetwentydifferenttypesofpesticides are used, muchofwhich are extremelyandhighlytoxic), thefewemploymentopportunitiescorroboratethesilencingofworkerswithregardtotheconditionsunderwhichtheactivityiscarried out. Addedtothis are theenvironmentalcostsofthisactivitysincelargeloadsofchemicalsubstances are releasedwithspraying, especiallyonfood, contributingtothealterationof natural conditionsandcontaminationofsoilandwater. Despitetheseriousnessofthesituationreported in the interviews, thereis no inspectionbytheStateatanylevel, tocurbthe use ortheindiscriminatecommercializationofpesticides, nor are theyeasilybought in local commercial establishments withoutanymonitoringorprescription. Thus, fromtheresultsofthisstudy, it issuggestedthedevelopmentofpublic policies thatcan minimize theimpactsofthecurrentagriculturalmodel in progress, promotingalternatives for decentworkand more sustainableproductionfromthesocio-environmentalandethical point ofview.
|
|
12
|
-
JÉSSICA OLIVEIRA DOMINGOS
-
SELECTION OF AREAS FOR LOCATION OF UNDERGROUND DAMS IN A HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN IN THE SEMIARID OF RIO GRANDE DO NORTE
-
Leader : RAQUEL FRANCO DE SOUZA
-
MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
-
FRANKLIN ROBERTO DA COSTA
-
RAQUEL FRANCO DE SOUZA
-
VERA LUCIA LOPES DE CASTRO
-
Data: 28 août 2020
-
-
Afficher le Résumé
-
The semi-aridregionischaracterizedby its high temperaturesclimate, lowprecipitationand high evaporation rates. Oneofthetechnologiesdevelopedtoincreasethe chance ofsurpassing rural residentswholivewiththis reality isthatof underground dams (UD), lowcostalternativesthatprovidethestorageofwaterresources in the adverse conditionsofthesemiarid. However, its installationrequiresthepresenceofphysicaland social characteristicsthatallowtheproperchoiceofthelocationarea. Thisresearchhad as mainobjectivethe propositionofcriteria for theselectionofareas for installationof UD usingtheGeographicInformation System (GIS) as a tool for managinggeoreferenced data, automating processes thatreducethecostsand minimize possiblelocationerrors. Criteria for climate, lithotypes, land use, hydrographic network, slope, tendenciesofstructuralcontrol, proximitytorechargeareasandproximitytothelocationofbuildingswereadapted, basedonthecurrentliteratureandavailabilityof data thatwouldintegrate a georeferenceddatabase. The applicationwasmade in twoareas, givingrisetothetwochaptersofthedissertation. In thefirst, thecriteriawereapplied in the Potengi River Basin region. In thesecond, thesamecriteriawithadaptation in theorder in whichtheywereconferredwereanalyzed in themunicipalityof São Tomé in Rio Grande do Norte (RN). In thelatter, it waspossibleto compare theconvenienceofthecriteriawiththeexistenceof UD alreadyinstalled in themunicipality. The applicationofthemethodologyproposedat BHRP allowedthereductionof 88% ofthebasinarea. Twelvepercentcorrespondtoareasthathavecharacteristics more favorabletotheinstallationof BS. Thisreductionimpliessaving time andreducingcosts, in additiontofacilitatingdecision making by managers whendefiningfieldactivities for on-site investigation. The applicationofthecriteria in themunicipality, linkedtoinformationfromthe UD alreadyinstalled, allowedtheevaluationoftheeffectivenessoftheproposedcriteria. The methodologyprovedtobeflexibletoadaptations, compatiblewiththe reality ofmunicipalities in RN, basedonthemunicipalityof São Tomé. It ispossibleto use it in theplanningphaseofthe BS implementation, as a waytoreducethesizeoftheareastobeinvestigated in fieldactivities, andto minimize causes thatmaycontributetothe non-functioningofthe UD. The methodalsocollaborateswiththelocationproposalbylowcostmethods.
.
|
|
13
|
-
LAIZ ARAÚJO SILVA DO NASCIMENTO
-
FAUNA E FLORA ASSOCIADA A MARICULTURA DE MACROALGAS EM PITANGUI-EXTREMOZ-RN.
-
Leader : DÁRLIO INÁCIO ALVES TEIXEIRA
-
MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
-
DÁRLIO INÁCIO ALVES TEIXEIRA
-
FABIO MAGNO DA SILVA SANTANA
-
EDSON VICENTE DA SILVA
-
Data: 31 août 2020
-
-
Afficher le Résumé
-
A maricultura da macroalga Gracilariabirdae está sendo desenvolvida de forma experimental na praia de Pitangui, município de Extremoz, RN, com a colocação de balsas flutuantes como estruturas de cultivo a aproximadamente de 200m da linha da praia em maré baixa. O presente trabalho objetivou realizar um levantamento preliminar das comunidades da microflora e da fauna acompanhante no cultivo da macroalga Gracilariabirdae, situado na região costeiro marinha de Pitangui, Extremoz/RN. O experimento foi realizado através de coletas sistemáticas no entorno das balsas flutuantes de cultivo da macroalga Gracilariabirdaee zona de arrebentação da praia de Pitangui. As amostras planctônicas foram obtidas com uso de redes de plâncton com malha de 20 e 68 µm coletadas à superfície, ao redor de uma balsa de cultivo recém-instalada com 9m de extensão. O material planctônico coletado foi fixado em solução de formol a 4% e identificado em microscópio óptico, com auxílio de chaves de identificação do plâncton marinho. A ictiofauna foi coletada com o uso de uma rede de arrasto do tipo “picaré”, com dimensões de 20m de comprimento, 1,5 m de altura e 5 mm de malha entre nós. A comunidade fitoplânctonica foi composta pelos gêneros Bellerochea sp., Odontella sp., Striatella sp., Coscinodiscus sp., Fragilaria sp., Hemidiscus, sp. Rhabdonema sp., Triceratium sp., Campylodiscus sp., Chaetocerossp e Asterionella sp. Já a comunidade zooplanctônica apresentou: Foraminifera, Copepoda: Oithonasp e Corycaeus sp.; Euterpinaacutifrons; Parvocalanuscrassirotris, Paracalanusquasimodo e Acartialilljeborgi; Larva Cifonauta (Bryozoa) e Larva de Bivalve (Mollusca). As identificações de ictiofauna apresentaram os seguintes táxons Haemulidae (Conodonnobilis), Engraulidae (Anchoa sp.), Sciaenidae (Larimusbreviceps), Menticirrhussp. e Polydactylusvirginicus e Achiridae (Trinecterpaulistanus), mostrando seis espécies e quatro famílias, sendo três pertencentes a uma única família, a Sciaenidae. Análises de comprimento e peso dos exemplares mais numerosos na amostragem mostraram que a amostra aqui analisada é composta principalmente por indivíduos juvenis que ainda não atingiram maturidade sexual, estando na metade do tamanho esperado para indivíduos adultos. Essas análises preliminares auxiliarão em estudos posteriores relacionados à análise de impactos à diversidade e riqueza do plâncton decorrentes do cultivo da macroalga Gracilariabirdae, em sistema de cultivo do tipo balsa, além de registros da ictiofauna para zona de arrebentação da praia de Pitangui.
|
|
14
|
-
THATIANE BRITO DA SILVA MEDEIROS
-
THE THEME OF SUSTAINABILITY IN THE AREA OF FISHING RESOURCES AND TECHNICAL TRAINING IN FOOD
-
Leader : CIBELE SOARES PONTES
-
MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
-
CIBELE SOARES PONTES
-
MARCELLA ARAÚJO DO AMARAL CARNEIRO
-
LUCIA MARIA DE ALMEIDA
-
Data: 31 août 2020
-
-
Afficher le Résumé
-
The rationalityofmodernthought, with the currentpatternsofdevelopmentbasedon Western cultureandwith the economicglobalizationof the current times, hascaused the ruptureof the dualitybetweenmanandnature, leadingto the dehumanizationofnatureand the denaturalizationof man. It isimportanttoconsider the urgentneedof a paradigm shift withregardto the ecological, social andeconomicscope. Basedonthisvision, thereis a greaterawarenessof the subject'sresponsibilities for the environment. The presentresearchproposed in the firstchaptertomake a surveyof the sustainablepracticesappliedto the segmentsof the fishingactivity, as well as analyzed the existingalternativesthat favor the sustainabledevelopmentof the sector, presenting as suggestions for the problemsthataffect the activity, integratingecologicalbenefits , economicand social. The secondchapteraimedtodiscuss the training ofstudents in the IntegratedTechnicalCourse in Foodof the Federal InstituteofEducation, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), Campus Pau dos Ferros and the curricular proposalsdirectedto the themeofsustainability, as well as its transversality in the practicalcontextof the courseformation; it alsosoughttoidentifystudents' interest in the themeofsustainability. It alsoaimedtoanalyzehowstudentsperceive the environmentanddiscuss the environmentalissuefrom the perspective of the studentsof the Course. The studyhad as methodology for the firstchapter a surveywithinvestigation in bibliographicdatabase, the investigativeanalysis, concerns the themeofsustainablepractices in the fishing sector. Tocarry out thisstudy, the followinginvestigativequestionwasasked: Whatstudies in the scientificliteraturepresentenvironmentalsustainabilitypractices in the areaof fisheriesresources? For the secondchapter, anexploratoryanddescriptiveresearchwascarried out throughfieldresearchwithstudentsfrom the IntegratedTechnicalCourseonFoodat the Federal Instituteof Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), Campus Pau dos Ferros. The researchwascarried out with a quantitative-qualitative approach. As for the research data collectmethod, it wasdonethroughbibliographic, documentaryandquestionnaireresearch. For the firstchapter, freeaccessliteratureswereanalyzed, whichwereavailable in full, in the areasofenvironmentalsciencesandrelatedareas, in the three bases adopted: CAPES, SciELO, Redalyc. The searchtookplaceusing the terms "SustainablePractices + Fishing", "SustainablePractices + Aquaculture" and "SustainablePractices + FisheriesResources". Only the 12 mostrelevantliteratureswerechosen in the approach of the themeandwhichmet the inclusioncriteriaofthissurvey. Through the bibliographicsurvey, it waspossibletoidentifythreemaincategoriesofworkdeveloped in the periodsbetween 2008 and 2019, the firstbeing Environmental education, the second Management of natural resources, and the thirdandlastIndustryandsustainablepractices. It appearsthat the studiesonsustainabilitypracticesdirectedto the fishing sector are still verytimid, withverysmallproduction, whencomparedwith the sametheme for otherareas. The initiativesrelatedtoenvironmentalsustainabilityaddressed in the studiesanalyzed, are veryrelevant for the fishing sector, consideringthat the sector faces greatdifficulties in the environmentalarea. As for management measures, it isnecessary for fishing management tobebuiltbasedonscientificandtechnologicalknowledge, so it isnecessarytoencourageresearchon the area in orderto improve information, whichcansignificantlycontributetopoliticaldecision-makingwithregardtoguaranteeingfisheriesandenvironmentalsustainabilityand in protectingaquaticbiodiversityandwaterresources. As a resultof the secondchapter, it wasobservedthat some disciplines haddirectandindirect approaches on the themeofenvironmentalsustainability, especiallyonaspectsrelatedto the environmentalissue. Through the questionnaire it waspossibletosurvey the environmentalperceptionofstudentsof the technicalcourseintegrated in food. It wasalsoobservedthat the students' environmentalperceptionaboutenvironmentalproblemsis a perceptionof the environmentseen more as a resourcethan as natureor natural environment, butthatneedstobemanaged. However, although the environmentalperceptionisfocusedonthisvisionofsustainability in ordertoachievesustainabledevelopment, it isalsonecessarytounderstandthatthisvisioncannotbedissociatedfrom the conceptionof the environmentseenfrom the perspective of the collectivity, of the common good, where the Theenvironment must beseen as an integral partof the humancollectivity, of the social environmentwhichwe are uniqueindividualswithindividualisticactions, butwe are alsopartof the collective.
|
|