This dissertation is about a look beyond a sportive physical education and a non-critical environmental education. The discussion about the complexity of the human animal in the (natural) world, permeates several layers, from the anthropocentric question, fallacies of capitalism and questions of an environmental education little discussed in the initial teacher education of physical education teachers and consequently in school physical education. These implications led to questions about the relationship of the human animal with itself, with others and with the (natural) world, in addition to enabling other perspectives in search of a critical environmental education. These reflections led to implications for a possible critical environmental physical education, inviting physical education teachers to reflect on their initial training and their pedagogical practices, linking them with the object of study. Aiming to identify possible approximations of the pedagogical practices of physical education teacher-researchers, with the complexity of the human animal in the (natural) world. Therefore, this research will be carried out with teachers from the Municipal Education Network of Fortaleza who participate in the Professional Master's Program in Physical Education in National Network (ProEF) of the poles of the Institute of Physical Education and Sports of the Federal University of Ceará (IEFES -UFC) and the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará (IFCE), Caucaia campus. As a methodology, we chose to use (auto)bibliographical narratives. These narratives allow an encounter with their own life stories. Two meetings will take place, in the first a narrative will be held in an attempt to rescue the knowledge that the participants carry about the complexity of the human animal in the (natural) world, associating it with its context personal, academic and professional. After the completion of the narratives, a discussion will be held about the object of study for further reflections. In the second meeting, the participants will make another narrative, directed to possible reflections arising from the previous meeting, directed to their pedagogical practices. Finally, a network of environmental knowledge will be built linking the theoretical framework of this writing with the findings of the teachers, thus contributing to a critical environmental physical education.

In search of the premise of making society more egalitarian, this study aims to understand where social injustice relations are being driven and perpetuated in society. Using the famous and mistaken statement used by many Brazilian citizens: "boy wears blue, and girl wears pink" it is clear to reflect on the issue of gender and sexuality inequality, thus, we invite you to analyze which implications the continuity of the propagation of this violence can reflect in the school environment. Thus, based on the advances in discussions on school physical education, it is possible to identify, during the class period, actions that reproduce inequality, stigma and social violence. In view of this, this study has as its central objective to identify how Physical Education teachers-researchers are mediating situations of social injustice in the school environment, and having as specifics to describe what contributions the experiences of teachers- researchers help to resolve social justice adversities, interpret how discussions on social justice relate to school physical education and identify how critical incidents can propose discussions on gender and sexuality among teachers-researchers of physical education. In the theoretical path, we delved into new perspectives for school physical education, how this perspective is affected by social injustice, how the subjects' intersubjectivities crosses physical education and who are the subjects that populate society. This study will be qualitative, using critical incidents related to social injustice in physical education classes at school. Then, the information will be weighted from a thematic analysis. Research participants will be professors-researchers linked to ProEF (Professional Master's Degree in Physical Education) in its two poles at the Federal University of Ceará (UFC) and at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará (IFCE) who are performing their work with high school in schools in the metropolitan region of Fortaleza, Ceará - Brazil.

In the context of school physical education, teaching practices and teachers' conceptions in the context of gender relations and sexuality in classes, this scope review was carried out with the aim of analyzing the approaches and concepts produced regarding gender relations and sexual diversities in School Physical Education classes, in addition to mapping the scientific literature on sexist practices during Physical Education classes, and which fundamentals guide such attitudes; identify the advances, difficulties and literary absences on the themes and characterize the contents of School Physical Education that have been used to dialogue with the themes of gender and sexuality. Supported by the PRISMA-SCR checklist, the research has a qualitative exploratory nature, following a descriptive analysis, which selected research works after the promulgation of the BNCC, with the aim of distinguishing the consequences of the approved text for disseminating or silencing the topics in question. The search included texts in Portuguese only and 399 works were found among the chosen databases, and after using the exclusion criteria, 25 were chosen for analysis. The presence of works in the form of theses and dissertations stands out, there is also an emphasis on pedagogical practices in addition to some focus on student perception. The work is mostly qualitative and carried out in institutions in the center-south of Brazil. The concepts of gender and sexuality were covered extensively and stimulated social needs with strong school participation to support discussions on the topics and promote inclusion.

The Brazilian Psychiatric Reform, established by Law 10,216 on April 6, 2001, inaugurates a new model of care focused on freedom and the strengthening of the struggle for a society without asylums. Physical Education has numerous possibilities to contribute to the deinstitutionalization of users in Community Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS). This is because its practices often extend beyond the confines of the service, transcending physical and material limitations. Therefore, this work aims to systematize the knowledge and practices of Physical Education teachers in mental health services within the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). As a methodological approach, this work involves a bibliographical research, with the methodology being an integrative review. We found 17 articles that present the experiences and perceptions of physical education teachers working in mental health services within the SUS. These articles were categorized into three distinct groups: the role of physical education in the field of mental health; the performance of physical education in CAPS; and the work routines and workshops. The first category includes works that address professional action in the field of mental health, highlighting intersectorality, deinstitutionalization, humanization in practices, the construction of bonds and autonomy of subjects, the reference professional, and the singular therapeutic project (PTS). In summary, these actions are the responsibility of every health professional working in substitute services. The second category emphasizes the integration into the service, its challenges, difficulties, and strengths. The third category specifically addresses the workshops and work groups led by Physical Education teachers. The experiences shared and discussed here are not intended to be replicated by other professionals as models to be followed. Successful experiences serve as examples of approaches based on deinstitutionalization, dialogue, humanization, empowerment of individuals, and the construction of a collective and respectful work process in relation to the needs of the community, the service, and, above all, the users, with the aim of ensuring social reintegration and autonomy.

Objective: To investigate the association between polypharmacy, physical activity and sedentary time in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Cross-sectional study involving youngest-old adults (60-80 years old) without cardiovascular diseases and impaired mobility residing in Natal-RN. Polypharmacy was defined as the use of five daily medications. The analyses included 453 participants with self-reported measures of physical activity and sedentary time, and 258 participants with accelerometer-based measures. Linear regressions were used for data analyses. Results: The prevalence of polypharmacy was 13%. In self-reported measures, polypharmacy was not associated with sedentary time (β = -0.8 h/d, CI 95% -1.7, 0.1; p = 0.094), light physical activity (β = -0.1 h/d, IC 95% -0.4, 0.2; p = 0.407), moderate-vigorous physical activity (β = 55.7 h/d, CI 95%, -269.8; 375.1; p = 0,748). Similarly, accelerometer-measured sedentary time (β = -0.3 h/d, CI 95%,-0.8, 0.3; p = 0.338), light physical activity (β =0,3 h/d, IC 95%,-0,3, 0,8; p = 0,348), moderate-vigorous physical activity ((β = 6.5 h/d, IC 95%, -49.1, 62.1; p = 0.817), number of daily steps (β = 377.5 steps/days, CI 95%, -606,7, 1361.8; p = 0.451), and 30-minute peak step cadence (β =3.6 step/minutes, CI 95%,-4,1; 11,3; p = 0,355) were not associated with polypharmacy. Conclusions: In youngest-old adults without cardiovascular diseases and impaired mobility, our data suggest that polypharmacy is not associated with lower physical activity and higher sedentary time.

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Introduction: Yoga has been the subject of interest for some researchers given their
dissemination in the most diverse cultures. Knowing that yoga in its origin
emerges in the context of India and date of A.C (BC, its contributions
have been perceived to the present day, arousing the attention of different areas of the
knowledge, among which, health. Studies have diversified as to

History, modalities, subjects and their effects on quality of life.
However, some spaces and subjects, such as long -term institutions and
elderly people were not perceived in most research such as locus and
Research profile, as well as the modality that is underway, Yoga sitting.
Adding to this exhibition, integrative and complementary practices (PIC)
has been a matter debated between professionals and academics, being yoga inserted
as PIC in the Unified Health System. This inclusion makes the activity accessible to the
population, however, is a small percentage of the population, since the
spaces they offer and professionals are reduced. Objective: Analyze Yoga
sitting and yoga sitting restorative about the influence on the conditions of
Flexibility and balance in older people. Methods: quantity-quali approach, which
made use of the type of experimental study with semi -structured interviews. Being one
acute research, randomized and organized participants in two groups
Independent: Experimental Group (G1) and Control Group (G2). Submitted to
screening with the international questionnaire for evaluation of the level of physical activity
(I-PAQ). Final sample had 18 participants, being yoga sitting (YS) = 09
(6 men, 3 women. In the restorative yoga (ysr) = 09 (6 men, 3
women). Performed flexibility assessments with Sanny® fleximeter and
Balance analyzed with Berg Balance Scale (EEB). In addition to the tests
Hemodynamics of heart rate and blood pressure. Results:
Statistically there was no difference between the groups in relation to the percentage
Delta (▲%) of improvement, suggesting that yoga sitting and yoga sitting restorative
promote similar effects on flexibility and balance, frequency
Cardiac of rest and blood pressure. However, of the 28 variables comparing the
effects, 20 of these in the median presented negative data (-), while 08 were
positive (+) signaling an improvement or equivalence in movement amplitudes
and their aforementioned areas. In the evaluation of the EEB, statistical correlation was noticed in the
G1 and G2 values in 10 of the 14 variables. It was also found in the size of the effect
in systolic blood pressure and item 7 of the EEB (remain standing without support with
the feet together) was large & gt; 0.50 (r = 0.5062). The score reached in the G1 EEB
there was a difference for more in post time by 06 participants, while
than 02 for less and 01 the same score in both times. In G2 it is verified
a difference for more at the time after 04 participants, 01 remained the
same and 04 lost between 1-5 points. However, all participants of
both groups are within the parameters considered acceptable balance and a
Good balance. As for the interview data, it was found in the categories
predominance in the themes (exercises and sensations) having as content: body,
Relaxation, health and well-being. and dimensions (physical, sensory and mental), these
data expressed the frequency with which they were reported in the speeches and corroborate
with the states experienced, leading to infer that the activity is wide
Acceptance, adding to this, the sensations experienced. Considerations
FINALS: Although no differences were verified in the statistical findings, the
Analyzes made important contributions to the modalities of yoga
sitting and yoga restorative sitting to configure yourself as accessible activities,
inclusive and safe for people with low mobility, besides being a practice
capable of adding well-being sensations and improvements regarding performance
functional. Considering the sample profile, it was also verified to be easy
assimilation and performance by people with visual impairment, difficulties
cognitive, with neurological picture, such as senile and Alzheimer's dementia. Concludes
that YS and YSR are capable activities to promote the welfare of its practitioners,

However, other studies are necessary to expand these discussions and investigate
other developments.

This research thematizes the relationships between body, health and illness from the experiences of Physical Education professionals (PEF) who experience processes of illness related to herniated discs. This is a phenomenological research with the aim of understanding the perception of the body in illness of Physical Education (PE) graduates who have herniated discs, in its different degrees of involvement, in order to contribute to the discussions in Physical Education. And, more specifically, it aimed to identify the perception of body and body in illness of these professionals; and to describe how the PE professional affected by herniated disk experiences his/her body, as well as the effects of the illness on his/her working practices in Physical Education. The study shows its relevance by proposing to deepen studies in Physical Education, expanding the understanding of the theme body in illness and activity of the PE professional, both in terms of the ways society approaches the phenomenon, and in terms of the construction of new dimensions for the ways in which PEF relate to their bodies. We interviewed 06 professionals with Bachelor's, and Technologist degrees in Sports and Leisure working in the Crajubar region, South of Ceará-Brazil. It was identified that they present conceptions of the body both as an object and/or instrument, and of the body as biocultural. As for the perception of the body in illness, the participants denote a strong relation with limitation of their physical abilities and motor skills, as well as relate this process to aging. This fact made them feel the need to develop self-care techniques to help overcome the process. Along with self-care, measures were adopted such as avoiding painful body practices; changes in routine, in personal and professional life; and body and pedagogical rearrangement as ways to control the pain and the effects of the hernia in their personal and professional lives. However, it highlights the importance of perception, intersubjectivity, and self-care as indispensable aspects to deal with the pain of living with an incapacitating disease and with the ways to rebuild the professional path and the life of those who get sick. From these reflections, new horizons are opened to perceive the body, the movement, and the illness as capable of propelling professionals to be re-enchanted with the world, with PE, and with their own bodies and the bodies of others, facing illness and life based on an existential and expanded vision of the self. Such reflections bring to PE contributions to perceive it beyond an area that works with the functioning and development of the body, understanding it as a space of permanent self elaboration through movement.

The present study approaches themes that dialogue with the initial teacher training process in Physical Education (PE), the usage of media and technologies and the pandemic educational landscape. We believe that discussing teaching in PE in distance learning contributes to the reflections of said process and, having in mind the objectives of the Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) (Institutional Program of Scholarships for Teaching Initiation, free translation), especially the one of encouraging teacher formation at tertiary level for primary education and of mobilizing teachers of primary public schools as co-trainers of pre-service teachers, we leaned over in this study about the following issue: How can the PIBID-PE/UFRN contribute to the PE teaching in dialogue with media and technology, considering the experience in the remote learning period? In this context, this study aims to analyse the self-declared contributions that the pre-service teachers linked to PIBID-PE/UFRN experienced during the emergency remote teaching, considering the topics of media and technology for teaching in PE. It is an exploratory research, qualitative in nature, and it utilizes documental analysis of individual reports and activities as source of data, as well as online questionnaire with open and closed questions to map out evidence that respond to this study’s objectives. Data showed the pedagogical experience and the affections caused by the program, the challenges and the impact of teaching during the emergency remote teaching for the academic production produced during the program and for the financial aid impact on the continuity of academic activities of the participants. The pluralism about knowledge seen in these research documents shows a gain of skills with media and digital technologies, in contrast to the lack of space for the body in movement, resulting in the mediation through the various languages of PE.

The aim of this study was to verify the acute effects of vascular occlusion and ischemic preconditioning on aerobic performance. The present study was built based on the findings produced in two articles, one review article and one experimental article. The review study aimed to understand the main effects acutely caused by exercise with blood flow restriction on physical performance and involved experimental studies published until September 2021 in the Web of Science databases (Categories: Sports Sciences and Physiology) , PubMed and SPORTDicus. At the end of the selection of evidence sources, 22 articles were included in the review, published between 2011 and 2021, covering a total of 304 individuals (men, n= 275; women, n= 29) with an average of age ranging from 20 to 29.6 years, all eligible and included studies were clinical trials and experimental studies. From all the findings in this review, a selection of studies that dealt with the acute effects of vascular occlusion on aerobic performance was made. The second article involved a randomized, controlled, crossover and single-blind crossover clinical trial and aimed to analyze the acute effect of ischemic preconditioning on running performance. The sample consisted of 26 male amateur runners, with a mean age of 31.85 years (±7.35), mean body mass index of 24.96 (±2.99), mean height of 1.70m (±0.06) and mean body surface area of 2.95m² (±0.10). The average mark in the 5kms and 10kms distance of the study participants was 21.05min (±2.59) and 44.26min (±5.39) respectively. Participants underwent the following interventions: (i) IPC + maximum incremental test or (ii) Control/Placebo + maximum incremental test. The mean time to exhaustion was longer in the IPC condition compared to the Placebo condition (IPC - 1184sec ±202; Placebo - 1150sec ±189), but no statistically significant difference (p˂0.135) was identified between the conditions. The average HR of the sample during the incremental tests of maximum running speed from 8km/h to 13km/h, when comparing the IPC x Placebo conditions, did not present any significant difference (p˂0.066). The mean SO between speeds from 8km/h to 13km/h did not present any significant difference (p˂0.236), when comparing the IPC x Placebo conditions. It is concluded that the use of flow restriction during a session of resistance exercises with low load, can be a viable strategy with athletes of endurance sports for maintenance and improvement of the levels of hypertrophy and mainly muscular strength, not having, therefore, , the need to submit these athletes to a high load during the resistance training session, with the aim of improving their strength levels for the sport practiced. It is also possible to conclude that the ischemic preconditioning protocol used in the present study, based on 2 series of 3 minutes of ischemia separated by 3 minutes of rest (perfusion), did not present an effect on the improvement of the time until exhaustion in male and female runners. males analyzed in this study.

Speed swimming is a sport that requires high levels of strength and power from start to finish. Gold can be decided by thousandths of a second. Therefore, any strategy that increases performance is important in the athlete's training. Post-activation potentiation (PAP) and/or post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) are strategies that aim to temporarily increase performance in the sports environment after a conditioning activity. However, there is heterogeneity regarding the PAP protocols available in the literature. The aim of this study was to map out which PAP protocols are available in the literature for swimmers, and what the main results found in the literature are. A search was carried out in the databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus) until October 2023. The study selection process was carried out by two blinded and independent reviewers, who searched for randomized or non-randomized acute experimental studies. Twenty-five studies were included in this review. The sample consisted of 493 swimmers, 74% men and 26% women. Ages ranged from 13 to 23 years and length of experience from 2 to 12 years. With these results in parallel, a non-randomized clinical trial was developed. The sample consisted of thirteen participants (11 men and 2 women) aged between 25 and 35 from the Rio Grande do Norte Fire Brigade (CBM-RN) who were part of the aquatic rescue group and took part in regional competitions. All the participants underwent the control and experimental conditions 48 hours apart. There were no significant differences between the control condition and PAPE in the 50-m performance analyzed using a stopwatch and video camera (p = 0.552 and p = 0.448, respectively). For the 15-m, there was no difference in the assessments made using the stopwatch (p = 0.055), but there was a significant effect in the assessments made using the video camera (p = 0.016). The results of this study allow us to conclude that it is possible to find various protocols for swimmers. However, only a few protocols actually increased swimming performance, such as squats, half squats, lunges, medice ball throws, box jumps, resistance sprints in the pool and exercises performed in water and on land in combination. It can be concluded that the post-activation performance improvement protocol using plyometric exercise significantly improved initial swimming performance. It is recommended that further studies be carried out with a larger sample in order to better understand the application of performance improvement protocols in swimming with attention to intensity, volume and recovery time.

A corporal practice that has a connection with the black African population, capoeira received different statuses until its recognition and acceptance. Entering beyond the scope of culture, in education, due to the action of masters, researchers and teachers, capoeira is found as part of School Physical Education, being supported by laws and curricular documents in the área. However, when it comes to this manifestation or others belonging to African and AfroBrazilian culture, flaws are still identified in the application of the content and its approaches in basic education institutions. In view of this scenario, the study, which is of a qualitative nature, makes use of descriptive and exploratory methods, and which uses a variety of instruments (production of drawings, writings, panels and presentations), aims at understanding the students' views adopted on the capoeira and the relationships with the knowledge established with it, with School Physical Education and with the subjects. Through the results, it was perceptible the urgency to deal with the theme at school in order to allow the presence of Africanities and their identification in the lives of beings, as well as the ethnic-racial issues involved, allowing the construction of decolonial Physical Education curricula where themes and practices belonging to the culture of black people are present and effective.

The theoretical advances of Brazilian PE are evidenced through the scientific understanding of the area, the theoretical-methodological propositions and the systematization of blocks of thematic content, these are contributions that cannot simply be ignored. Analyzing the theoretical-methodological possibilities through this systematization can contribute to the pedagogical practice of teachers and will allow the construction of new knowledge and advance in the complexity of its aspects. It is from this perspective that this research aimed to analyze how the systematization of blocks of thematic content can contribute to the pedagogical practice of physical education teachers in the public basic education network, in high school in the municipality of Quixadá-CE. Taking complexity and complexity thinking and its conceptual characteristics as a premise, we sought to find relationships with the systematization of blocks of thematic content and the pedagogical practice of high school teachers in Quixadá-CE. A detailed analysis of some national curriculum documents and their implications for school PE was also carried out. This is a qualitative study field research that used the guiding assumptions of action research as an intervention instrument, using class observations, group meetings and field diary as data collection and storage instruments, these data being subjected to thematic analysis. Furthermore, the research used methodological assumptions based on the methods of Oliveira et al. (2019) for creating a collaborative network, based on qualitative research, with collaborative characteristics. Initially, I would like to highlight the first considerations for my own transformation with this research. As a teacher-researcher who uses the systematization of blocks of thematic content in my classes, reflecting with the teachers participating in the research about their pedagogical practices and seeking to understand how complexity presents itself in their classes was a difficult task for avoiding including my classes in discussions, however, I was able to reflect critically on my own practice, whether in the selection of content in planning, in interactions with students, in the knowledge that manifests itself in classes involuntarily, in the contextualization of themes to the realities of students and identifying how the dynamics of the body, culture, movements and the environment converge. Through the conceptual contextualization of complexity and complexity thinking, from the historical time of scientific and academic productions focused on school PE and through the analysis of the national and regional curriculum, it was noticeable that the systematization of blocks of thematic content has full conditions to assist and complement the pedagogical practice of teachers dialoguing with the curriculum and valuing advances PE theorists in the educational field. Finally, I am not in favor of the constant romanticization of teaching, as this can lead to the exploitation and restriction of the teacher's fundamental rights - those rights conquered and those that will be conquered -, however, I agree with Freire (1996) when reflecting on not being scared by affectivity, as it seals my specific practice with human beings and the subjects involved. I highlight here the importance of affectivity in teaching PE, as it is a link to understanding social complexity.

The present study starts from the relationship between Physical Education (PE) at school and the use of teaching materials, reaching debates on relevant topics debated transversally to all PE thematic units placed in the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC), considering the historical relevance this topic for Physical Education. It is under this excitement that our research develops questioning the possibility of implanting an unusual artifact to the school PE tradition - the paradidactic book - in the teaching of themes that allow the transversalization with all thematic units of the curricular component in the BNCC, in this case the health. It seeks to answer the following question: how does the construction process take place, as well as the didactic-pedagogical steps in school Physical Education from the use of the digital and interactive paradidactic book? The study's general objective is to understand the strategies of PE teachers and teachers at elementary schools / II to enable the use of digital and interactive paradidactic material. This is a qualitative and exploratory research. The exploratory stages take us through three steps. The first, of a descriptive nature, exposes the process of idealization, writing and presentation of a digital and interactive paradidactic book. The second, also of a descriptive nature, presents the contact with PE teachers from the public education network in the city of Natal/RN. While the third stage deals with a content analysis on the data collected from the focus group of teachers from the municipal public education network in the capital of Rio Grande do Norte (planning, classes and semi-structured interviews). In this phase, we will follow the three phases of operationalization of the thematic analysis proposed by Minayo (2007): a) pre-analysis; b) exploitation of the material; and c) treatment of results. The group is made up of four teachers and a teacher who will be presented in the text as fictional characters from the Star Wars universe. Of these, only three were able to make use of the paradidactic book in their teaching practice, while the others pointed to the lack of accessibility and the context of remote teaching as the main factors for preventing the use of the material.

The presence of women in the various sectors of society is a recent conquest. As an example, this research takes as a reference the participation of women in the sports field, but specifically in soccer - an important Brazilian social constructor - and the university as an institution that plays an important role in overcoming social exclusions. Bringing as a general objective, the search for mentions to the content of women's soccer from the curricular themes and pedagogical projects of Physical Education courses in public federal universities in the Northeast, the work has a qualitative nature made through a content analysis that uses complementary documentary techniques. The methodological approach began in the pre-analysis with the location of public federal universities in the Northeast that offer Physical Education courses, as well as their pedagogical projects and curricula. Then, the exploration of this material was performed. The data showed that, besides the particularities of each document, they do not mention 'women's soccer' in their research. Thus, we decided to fragment the term into 'soccer', 'women', and 'women' and made new searches. Regarding the term soccer, we observed its presence in the names of the curricular components, in the menus, in the bibliographical references, in the infrastructure (when talking about a soccer field), in the justification and in the historical context. The expression 'female' was mentioned in the structure (when referring to locker room), in bibliographical references, in the menus, in the identification of sports practice and in the historical context. The word 'woman' appeared in the bibliographic references, in the menu and in the characterization of the profile of the professors of one of the universities studied. Given the insufficient presence of the term and related terms and, taking into account the increasing practice of the modality, it was possible to realize the need to reformulate the pedagogical projects of the Physical Education courses of the universities (demonstrated the outdatedness of most documents) in order to include and update the current contents, such as, for example, women's soccer with the purpose of contributing to the formative process of Physical Education teachers, as well as improving the possibilities of study, sporting practices and fields of action of, for and by women.

This study aimed to identify which values are explored through sports practice in the classes of teachers/monitors and how these values are understood by family members and adolescents who participate in the Programa Segundo Tempo - Forças no Esporte held at ERMN. This is a qualitative and descriptive research, using the semi-structured interview as a tool. Regarding data analysis, the Bardin content analysis technique was used. The sample was divided into three groups, namely: four professionals from the nucleus (a general coordinator, a teacher and two monitors); ten students participating in the program; and four family members of the participants. The research was structured from four chapters: 1. The trajectory of sport: a historical and social rescue with emphasis on the legitimation of educational sport; 2. Human values; 3. The Programa Segundo Tempo and its unfolding for the Forces in Sport strand; and 4. Educational sport and the construction of human values at Profesp from the perspective of the participants. Chapters 3 and 4 contain the research results. In relation to the third chapter, contradictions in relation to the offer of sport as educational were evidenced, in the documents guided by the activities developed at Profesp. However, in the fourth chapter there were similarities between the understanding of human values worked on, highlighting: respect, friendship, honesty, knowing how to win and lose, recognizing your limits, kindness, ethics, discipline, companionship, solidarity, empathy and Fair -play. In addition, we observed other recurring elements: favoring development in human dimensions through sport, the teacher/monitor as a fundamental agent in the teaching-learning process, behavior change, expansion in perspective of new social possibilities and improvement in the quality of life. Thus, it was concluded that despite the attitudinal dimension appearing implicitly in the interventions, the program presents peculiarities in its planning that promote positive actions for the construction of human values in its participants

Introduction: The development of children with special needs (CSN) can be affected by a transient or permanent condition that interferes with their normal development. Depending on your disability/disorder, symptoms can vary from circumstantial, imperceptible to more compromising levels, making it difficult to acquire motor, linguistic and social skills, causing a significant impact on the progress of your physical, intellectual, emotional and social development. But being a child with special needs does not determine their developmental process. It is possible to encourage their development with stimuli and a suitable environment. For this, intervention strategies are potentially decisive. A psychomotor intervention program (PIP) conceives the possibility of working on the psychomotor development and affective/social development of a child and his/her specific needs to evolve/compensate for his/her deficiencies. Objective: To synthesize the available scientific evidence on the effects of psychomotor interventions (PI), which are the benefits and implementation possibilities for the psychomotor and affective/social development of children with special needs (CSN). Methods: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis that was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The methodological course of construction consisted of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from January 1970 to April 2021 in the following databases: PubMed; MEDLINE (OVID), EMBASE, LILACS and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), SCOPUS, Web of Science, Redalyc and ScienceDirect, BVS (Virtual Health Library), Google Scholar and Capes Periodicals. The study eligibility criteria were previously established according to the PICO model. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (ROB2) tool was also used to assess the risk of bias. The meta-analysis was performed in Review Manager 5.4.1 (RevMan® 5.4.1). Results: 47 scientific studies were included, with participants between 06 and 450 participants, carried out in different contexts, different approaches of Psychomotor Interventions (PI) and with children with different disabilities, disorders. The sex of study participants indicated a male prevalence (64.8%). The results showed that children with disabilities are at greater risk of numerous physical and psychosocial disorders compared to children with normal development, requiring therapeutic interventions to assist in their development. A meta-analysis of 15 scientific studies out of 47 showed the effects of different approaches to psychomotor interventions (PI) on psychomotor and affective/social outcomes in children with special needs (CSN). In the analysis of the results of psychomotor interventions (PI) with a technological approach, among the variables, manual dexterity (P=0.32) and balance (P=0.70) tended to favor the intervention group when compared to the control group, but without significant statistical differences. Similar results were found in psychomotor interventions (PI) with a Sensory approach that promoted favorable changes in visual-motor integration (P=0.01) and sensory integration (P=0.27), but without statistical significance. The variable cognitive functions (P=0.003) reached more significant scores for the Sensory approach. Finally, psychomotor interventions (PI) with a Body Practice approach promoted significant changes in social responsiveness (P<0.00001) indicating improvements in affective/social development. Conclusion: The results suggest the benefits of psychomotor interventions (PI) in the development of psychomotor and affective/social outcomes in children with special needs (CSN), specifically, in cognitive functions and social responsiveness, which showed better results. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021249292.

The New High School guidelines introduce changes in school physical education. It is imperative to readjust the methodology of the class and especially in the planning, as we have to consolidate our place in the school. The construction of a unified and participatory planning was our proposal to face this challenge. The research is qualitative in nature, a case study that aimed to: investigate the importance of participatory planning in the curricular construction of physical education in the New High School? In addition to analyzing the construction of a thematic unit for the Berilo Wanderley State School; identify the importance of physical education classes for students; to investigate the feasibility of participatory planning in the construction of the physical education curriculum in the New High School. The population consisted of 120 high school students, from the 1st and 2nd year classes, and the team of teachers from the Berilo Wanderley State School in the year 2022. To obtain the results, a questionnaire and meetings were chosen for the students, where participatory planning was carried out, while for teachers semi-structured interviews and planning meetings were carried out. The feedback from the questionnaires validated the participatory planning by both students and teachers. At the end of the interventions, we concluded that it is a strategy that provides many benefits when implemented at school: improved adherence to classes, reduced dropout rates and greater interest in classes were important points obtained after the process.

The Pole Dance body culture has gained many supporters over the last few years in Brazil as an alternative to physical exercise since its benefits are already known and proven both by the population (informal empirical knowledge) and by the academic literature. Among the benefits can be highlighted strength, flexibility, strength gain, weight loss, mobility/flexibility, self-esteem, creativity, motivation, self-efficacy, etc. On the other hand, Pole Dance is sometimes seen in a controversial and polemic way, sometimes associated with dance clubs and strippers, sometimes as physical activity, leisure/recreational, a sport or an art. In this context of multiple meanings, when bodies come into contact with the bar (mast) they become “meat in the world!” build stories and meanings, experiencing new sensations, then various possibilities and intentions emerge, narratives, representations, the imaginary and symbolism are free, drawing and allowing its practitioners to learn with the body new senses and meanings through their own bodies and with the world, in this way we justify the work, considering the uses of the body and space. The research problem is: how can Pole Dance contribute to thinking about the body and its relations with Physical Education? The objective of the research is to understand the meaning of Pole Dance for Poledancers (practitioners of the modality, students and teachers) and how these meanings can contribute to reflections on Physical Education. Discourse analysis was used for data analysis. As a result, we obtained (re)meanings for Pole Dance: Pole Dance well-being and Pole Dance Empowerment, through relationships, of the sensitive body by Merleau-Ponty such as Pole Dance Bem-estar and Pole Dance Empowerment.

The Covid-19 pandemic that affected Planet Earth and especially Brazil, raised problems in the educational

 environment, in research and in several other locus of society. The School and teachers resignified the ways 

of teaching and learning, initially opposing the actions of the Federal Government that did not sustain such severity

of the virus. Being a teacher-researcher in early childhood (physical) education in the midst of chaos takes shape

 in this research. As a general objective, the study aims to describe the autobiographical process of a teacher-researcher

 at the beginning of teaching in and with children's (physical) education in a school in the municipal network of Fortaleza. 

The way of writing with a qualitative approach from autobiographical narratives model for critical reflections on the self-training 

path in concomitance with political-pedagogical strategies and productions that encourage and initiate discussions

 about pedagogical practice with children and physical education degree students.

This dissertation is the result of concerns experienced during the schooling process, however perceived during the graduation in Degree in Physical Education. This one this work aims to list, identify and analyze through a review publications referring to the theme of Participatory Planning in classes School Physical Education. The justification is based on the author's relationship with the instrument of Participatory Planning in the Didactics class and during the participation of the same in the Pedagogical Residency Program. The research was carried out through a systematic review. The study was based on 11 Physical Education journals and on the Bank of Theses and Dissertations of the Level Personnel Improvement Coordination Superior (CAPES). With the study it was possible to find the descriptors Planning Participatory and Collaborative Planning in 42 of the 9796 visited. And in the dissertations, 15 of the 2812 analyzed dissertations were found. However, after the implementation of the second phase and execution of the exclusion criteria, 4 articles remained and 4 dissertations that brought within their scope the theme of Participatory Planning related to school Physical Education classes. The analysis of the articles was carried out by instrument developed by the author, based on her previous experience concerning participation in GEPEFERS- Group of Studies and Research in Physical Education School and Relationships with Knowledge. Analyzing the articles found, it is clear that there are still few publications related to the implementation of PP in classes of Physical Education and existing publications do not provide details on the implementation of the same, its possibilities and/or difficulties encountered.

The present study presents itself as a work of a qualitative nature, of a descriptive-exploratory nature, in the search to organize and adapt didactic-pedagogical strategies that help professionals in the field of Physical Education to develop content related to the teaching of African and Afro history and culture. -Brazilian, matching the intervention proposals to the environmental demands of physical education, considered an organization based on thematic content blocks, prioritizing the development of students as a whole. This study was carried out in two public elementary schools in the city of Fortaleza, in which the author of the research occupies the position of substitute teacher on a temporary basis.

Background: with the development of increasingly multidisciplinary research in the last decades in the area of mental fatigue (MF), we can observe the importance of assessment FM in various fields. Therefore, there is a need to develop a tool in which its use in research and clinical environment with ecological validity can be viable. Objective: perform the concurrent criterion validity of visual digital scale for assessment of mental fatigue. Methods: methodological cross-sectional study with the aim of establishing the concurrent criterion validity of a visual digital scale for MF assessment (VDS-MF) compared with the visual analogue scale for MF assessment (VAS-MF). 117 individuals of both sex (male = 38,5%) participated in the study. At firts, the participants answered some information. Then, a video was presented for anchoring (familiarization) that explanatory video, the firts assessment was carried out, where the firts scale to be used was randomized (VDS-MF or VAS-MF); after that, the same procedure was requested for the other scale. The determination of the validity of the VDS-MF using the VAS-MF as a criterion was established. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated from a linear regression, the Typical error of estimale in raw. In addition, the analysis was performed and the graphic representation of Bland-Altman was made available. Results: the sample consisted mainly of women (61.5%, n= 72), individuals with a mean age of 30 ( ± 3) years, with a median body mass of 70 (62.5% - 81.0) percentiles) kilogram and mean height of 168 ( ± 16) centimeters. The validity of the VDS was considered “Nearly Perfect” (r = 0.99, p = 0.001). The Typical error of estimale in raw was 2.33 (CI95% 2.06; 2.67) a.u., The Bland-Altman plot features a mean differences are expected between VDS-MF and VAS-MF. Finally, the differences between VDS-MF and VAS-MF presented a homoscedastic pattern, with a low and non-significant association (r = 0.14, p = 0.14) established by Pearsin’s  correlation. Conclusions: the VDS-MF presented validity when compared to the VAS-MF for the assessment of mental fatigue in healthy adults. These results are relevant as they provide applicability for use of VAS-MF tool in digital form, which considering the advantages of electronic data collection, enables its use in different scenario.

Introduction: Gyms offer a wide range of physical exercises that can be performed by people of different age groups and clinical conditions, individually or in groups in a supervised environment, which can be comfortable and with high technology. Despite this, the sector suffers from high rates of abandonment and turnover, some factors can influence this abandonment and should be investigated. Objective: To investigate the relationship of predictors that influence the dropout of gym students during the period of the Covid-19 pandemic. Methodology: This retrospective cohort study included 1087 (37.04 ± 10.35 years; 57.31% women) students enrolled in an academy during the year 2021. Characteristics such as type of contract, professional follow-up, frequency and consistency of training of students over twelve months were analyzed. Results: The predictors have an influence on the abandonment of gym students, each less training day can increase the chance of abandonment by up to 20% and each less training week by up to 67%. Conclusion: Therefore, it is necessary to take these predictors into account when targeting strategies to reduce dropout in gym students.

I urge all of you to tread the sensitive and cultural body ways. This assignment focuses on indigenous culture into Mendonças’ group which is settled on João Câmara Town in Rio Grande do Norte State. In this settlement occurs studies about the Mendoças’ in Amarelão region, cultural reflexions and symbols ex Physical Education. The Comprehension is based on Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenological method which quests an understanding of senses coming from the structural comprehension of the phenomenon in Mendonças’ experience and other ones into the groups. As a justification, the searching is to enlarge the importance of the indigenous cause for the Physical Education that points there are few studies about the indigenous issue and Physical Education and it is required to spread out that theme to the academics. Through body practicing developed by The Mendonças also intending to answer the assignment purpose theme following specific goals: knowing the cultural and body practicing even symbologies in the Mendonças indigenous group, realizing the cultural practices and symbols into Toré reflecting the importance of the indigenous cultural knowledge for Physical Education. The Phenomenological method is a reflexive way to understand the existential and sensitive body full of cultural meaning and senses. Through dialoguing Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy (2018) realizing the phenomenon of the body into existential experiences in the world. These meanings bring out the comprehension about the body concepts, culture and symbols, knowledge acqurired in a phenomenological body. It is necessary to get the references in Mearleau-Ponty (1991); (2018), Nóbrega (2008; 2010; 2016), Zumthor (2002; 1993) and Medeiros (2008). About the indigenous culture knowledge there is Pereira (2019), Cavignac and Alveal Studies (2019), Santos Júnior (2008) and Guerra (2007; 2011), which provides dialogues about social and ethnic organization such discourses offered predefined informations and specifical details about indigenous settlement in Rio Grande do Norte State from Mendonças’ universe until their claims and self-affirmation rights and social identity being an indigenous people. 

INTRODUCTION: With the COVID-19 pandemic, physical exercise interventions offered in the online format have become an alternative to maintain physical and psychological health to the detriment of social isolation. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to evaluate the effects of an online exercise program with behavior change strategies on the rate of attendance and adherence in physically inactive adults. METHODS: In this randomized clinical trial, 125 adults were divided into two groups (control and experimental). Data normality was verified using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The adherence rate was verified by survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test (Mantel-Cox). The experimental group performed the prescription of physical exercises together with the behavior change strategies, while the control group performed only the prescription of physical exercises. Both interventions had progression in the level of complexity of the exercises every 4 weeks and were offered in online format through forms (google forms). RESULTS: As partial results, we highlight that there were no differences in the rate of adherence between the experimental and control groups over 12 weeks (p = 0.986). As well as there were no significant associations between the characteristics of the participants and the dropout rate (p > 0.05). In this sense, no significant predictors were found to explain the dropout rate in both groups throughout the intervention. The current Study is in progress, currently in the final phase of data collection. For the defense of the dissertation, we intend to present the results regarding the effect of online physical exercise programs with and without behavior change strategies on explicit attitudes, motivation, habit, levels of physical activity and psychological health. 

Football is the most practiced sport in the world, and consequently it is also the sport that has the most scientific productions on. For decades football was considered an exclusively male sport, however with the evolution of sports and society, women began to practice it, knowing that there are some differences between health and sport, this work sought to analyze the theme of health in women's soccer productions available in the CAPES database (The Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel), Scielo e Virtual Health Library (BVS) published between the years 2000 and 2021. With this, this research adopted the bibliographic review as a methodology to be followed. Initially, 31 articles were selected, after reading and analyzing each title and abstract, 9 articles were chosen. The articles were conjured up in 2 tables that described the title, abstract, references, authors and brief concept of health. With this, few articles were found that dealt with the issue of health in women's football and the few conceptions that were exposed, most are very succinct and limited to old concepts, which need to be overcome for a better development and understanding of health and sport.

This dissertation aims to relate the experiences with the pedagogical practice of Physical Education with the possibilities suggested in textbooks; describe experiences with pedagogical practice in different stages of Basic Education in my professional performance; identify and describe possibilities and suggestions for pedagogical practice in the use of textbooks, which are related to the lived experiences; point out possibilities for creating and preparing teaching material to assist teachers with the textbook. To carry out this study, we opted for a qualitative research, using the autobiographical method, based on the technique of self-study, in order to recall the experiences performed in professional practice as a licensed teacher in Physical Education, describing facts and phenomena lived with students in situations pedagogical, and reframe the experiences with the elaboration of a didactic material in a moment of continuous formation. We identified suggestions and contributions in the textbooks for the teacher, but with a relevant contribution of reflections on the experiences in professional performance in elementary school, initial years with the didactic unit gymnastics - circus, and in the final years with the didactic unit sports - handball, adapting the proposal for the reality in which it operates, with the construction of didactic material by the teacher himself, in which he articulates the knowledge of the curricular component with educational objects and makes the approach relevant to teaching and learning. We conclude that for the use of the textbook, the teacher needs to reframe his pedagogical practice proposal, resuming his experiences with a curricular component, and a possibility to organize his planning and experiences didactically, is to build his own didactic material articulating knowledge and digital language codes. that can contribute to teaching and learning.

Aging normally brings with it functional, cognitive and physical losses, impairing independence in daily tasks. Therefore, we aim to analyze whether there is an association between working memory and elderly people physical capacities who practice multicomponent exercises performed in the aquatic environment. A cross-sectional, analytical, descriptive study was carried out with a sample consisting of 77 individuals, 20 men (aged between 61 and 88 years), and 57 women (aged between 60 and 94 years) participating in the extension Project linked to the Department of Physical Education “Minha Melhor Idade” at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, the working memory and physical capacities of the participants were assessed. The results were treated by descriptive and inferential statistics using the jamovi software (2020), v.1.2, to perform the analyzes. The results obtained showed that education (P = 0.013), handgrip (P = 0.017), acceleration speed (P = 0.013) and balance (P = 0.010) were associated with better performance in working memory through the N- back.. As for the difference between the groups, in addition to the previous variables, upper limb flexibility (P = 0.002), lower limb flexibility (P = 0.010) and aerobic power (P = 0.019) showed significant differences between the male and female groups. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the practice of physical exercises, including exercises with aerobic and anaerobic characteristics, as well as static and dynamic balance exercises, provide better responses in the working memory of the elderly.

Introduction: Low-volume high-intensity interval training (LV-HIIT) has been considered a time-efficient approach to improve health and fitness. LV-HIIT protocols with different work-recovery durations elicit dissimilar physiological responses and perceived exertion. However, studies investigating the effect of LV-HIIT sessions with different work-recovery durations on markers of exercise-induced muscle damage are scarce, especially in non-athletes. Objective: To compare the effect of LV-HIIT sessions with different work-recovery durations on muscle damage markers in trained males. Methods: Twenty-four participants (22.3 ± 2.9 years; 24.6 ± 2.7 kg∙m-2) performed two LV-HIIT sessions (10 x 60 s and 20 x 30 s at 100% of maximal aerobic speed on treadmill (Vmax) interspersed with equal time passive recovery, respectively) in a randomized, counter-balanced order, separated by a 1-week interval. Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and countermovement vertical jump height (CVJH) performance were assessed before, and 24-h and 48-h post sessions. Pressure-pain threshold (PPT), pressure-pain tolerance (PPTol) and perceived pain intensity (PPI) using pressure algometry assessed DOMS in the rectus rectus femoris, biceps femoris and gastroctemius. Results: A non-significant session by time interaction for PPT, PPTol and PPI in all muscles analyzed was observed (all P > 0.260). Additionally, a non-significant session by time interaction was observed for CVJH performance (P = 0.836). Conclusions: LV-HIIT sessions with different work-recovery durations elicited nonsignificant changes on muscle damage markers following 24- and 48-h in trained males.

Early Childhood Education has a pedagogical function, a job that takes children's reality and knowledge as a starting point and expands it through activities that have concrete meaning for children's lives, while simultaneously ensuring the acquisition of new knowledge. Therefore, the teacher must be prepared to provide children with an education based on the learning condition of each one, considering them singular and with their own characteristics. The child becomes aware of his body and the possibilities of expressing himself through this body, locating himself in time and space, using the movement to achieve more elaborate acquisitions, such as intellectual ones, as well as remedying the difficulties presented. Therefore, it is through the movement that we can observe its socialization, which contributes to the expansion of social relations, the rules of coexistence and exploration of the environment that surrounds it with attitudes of curiosity, perceiving itself as an integral part of society, thus developing the perception of oneself and the other, and finally, working with the different expressions of language: body, music and writing. (NÓBREGA, 2010; SANTIN, 2003). Therefore, we present learning as a corporal process and not only an intellectual one. Thus, the objective of this study is to propose an intervention with the teachers of Early Childhood Education, focusing on the body in movement as a methodological strategy in the children's learning process. Therefore, we assume the principles of qualitative research as a methodological approach, through the bias of collaborative action research. The investigation was carried out with Early Childhood Education educators from the Municipal network of Parnamirim / RN. The research itinerary was carried out with teacher training through 03 virtual meetings, which enabled reflections on pedagogical practice in teaching practices. For the construction of data, we used semi-structured interviews, conversation circles, record in the field diary, as well as the recording of images and audios. In this sense, we believe that the present study contributed to the reflection on the teacher's training process in relation to the importance of working the body in its various aspects with meaning and meaning, we try to demystify that learning does not happen through the body and understand that it promotes autonomy, stimulating affection, culture, values, as well as cognitive development and reaffirming the body as a place of learning for children in Early Childhood Education

           The joint relationships of maturation and hormonal and morphological parameters with muscle strength of upper and lower limbs in young athletes are not yet well defined in the scientific literature.In this sense, the aim of the present study was to verify the relationship of maturation and morphological and hormonal parameters with the muscular strength of the upper and lower limbs of young athletes. The cross-sectional study consisted of 145 young athletes (ages 8 to 16 years; 58% male and 42% female) from six different modalities (rowing, swimming, volleyball, soccer, tennis and jiu-jitsu). The maturation markers (somatic, skeletal and sexual) were analyzed by anthropometric parameters. Morphology was verified by double energy x-ray emission absorptiometry (DXA) and by tretapolar bioimpedance. Upper limb strength was analyzed by medicineball and palmar grip tests. The strength of the lower limbs was analyzed by the vertical jump and countermovement jump tests. Hormone levels of testosterone (TRT), estradiol (EST) and growth hormone were biochemically analyzed by chemiluminescence. Maturation, lean mass, TRT and EST indicated relationships with the strength of upper and lower limbs of young athletes of both sexes. Maturation indicated a great interaction effect (η²p = 0.753) and local (ƒ²≥ 0.33) in relation to the lean mass of athletes of both sexes, so young athletes with higher concentrations of lean mass indicated higher concentrations of hormones, accelerated maturational stages and greater muscle strength of upper and lower limbs (p<0.05). Analyses of artificial neural networks of the MLP type indicated that anthropometry together with strength tests can predict in 58.8% the performance of the upper limbs, and in 81% that of the lower limbs. As well as, in male athletes TRT can predict upper limb strength in 49% and maturation in 60%. While in female subjects, maturation can predict upper limb strength between 57.4% and 76%, while hormonal markers presented a potential greater than 95% for the prediction of upper limb strength. It was concluded that in young athletes of both sexes maturation and morphological and hormonal parameters are related to muscle strength, especially with the strength of the upper limbs. In addition, young males who point to higher concentrations of TRT point to higher lean mass, and more advanced maturational stages are higher in strength of upper and lower limbs, and a similar behavior is observed in young females in relation to the concentrations of EST. Thus the present study contributes significantly to the sports sciences, enabling professionals in the area a better evaluation of specific characteristics of athletes in different sports modalities and better guidance and selection of future athletes.

It is important to clarify the association of lean and fat mass among children and adolescents, considering the search for sports performance or with the increased prevalence of overweight and obesity. The body adiposity index (BAI) uses anthropometry to estimate the percentage of body fat (F%). It is a valid equation for some population groups. However, for the pediatric population, the BAI presents weaknesses, and it is necessary to adjust its aritmetic structure for use in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to analyze the as a method of measurement of fat percentage in children and adolescents, as well as to adjust the BAI for its use in pediatrics. The sample consisted of 247 children and adolescents, 44 female (11.5 ± 1.80 years) and 203 males (13.6 ± 2.60 years). F% was evaluated by Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) and IAC. The analyses of F% by DEXA and BAI were strongly correlated (boys: r = 0.71, p<0.0001; girls: r = 0.72, p<0.0001). Linear regression analyses showed that IAC is significant for estimating F% in subjects of both sexes (p<0.0001). However, although for boys, the F% analyses performed by BAI and DEXA showed no differences when compared (p= 0.2), there were significant differences for the analyses in females (p<0.05). In addition, the BAI showed a significant proportion bias for both sexes (p<0.0001), which suggests its inefficiency in the analysis of F% by the BAI, thus, the aritmetic adjustment of the BAI was necessary and successful for the male subjects, reaching the mathematical model named in the present study of adjusted body adiposity index (BAI_ADJ). BAI and BAI_ADJ correlated with DEXA significantly (r≤700, p <0.001). BAI (95% CI β: [1.35 - 1.90], p <0.0001) and BAI_ADJ (95% ci β: [1.40 - 1.90], p < 0.0001) were pointed out as good prdtors of F%. However, BAI showed a significant difference in relation to DEXA (p=0.04). While there was no difference between BAI_ADJ and DEXA (p=0.1). In addition, there was a bias in proportion to BAI (p <0.05), but not to BAI_ADJ (p>0.05). Thus, we conclude that F% analyses by BAI and DEXA correlate, however the BAI is not effective in estimating F% in pediatrics of both sexes. We also concluded that the BAI_ADJ developed by the present study proved to be an effective tool for an analysis of F% in male children and adolescents, demonstrating significant degrees of agreement and validity in relation to the analyses of F% performed in DEXA.

In this dissertation, I focus on physical education in the city of Picos-PI, especially on the systematization of the high school curriculum in state public schools in the city, which has been a neglected process. As a teacher-researcher who works in the public network investigated, I sought, in a collaborative way, to elaborate evidence for the systematization of a curriculum with the direct contribution of seven of the ten teachers in the network who work in secondary education. The research is justified by the uncertainty of the viability of contents and the repetition of themes, which implies the decontextualization of the teaching and learning processes that the curricular component brings with it. The objective of the research is to critically problematize the process of elaborating a systematized curriculum based on the participation and collaboration of students and other teachers in the network. In turn, the focus of the systematization of the curriculum is to organize the physical education teaching process for the three years of high school - organized in a serial way - in the city's state schools, contributing to improve the quality of teaching, changing, transforming and resignifying the local reality. The research is critical as it seeks social transformation and is collaborative as it counts on the participation – in a dialogical way, of seventy percent of teachers in the preparation of such a document. For the interviews with the students, I carried out a field research in four state public high schools in Picos, with two structured questions. Data from this interview were generated according to the theoretical saturation criterion and analyzed qualitatively. This type of procedure consists of raising the responses found, excluding repeated responses. The questions raised were about what students have already learned and what they would like to learn with physical education at school. Their answers were related to detailed content and organized bimonthly for curriculum systematization. In addition to the students, the teachers of the network also participated, sending their teaching plans - called by the Department of Education as "Action Plan" - for reading, interpretation and subsequent methodization of the curriculum. After observing the plans, it was possible to identify that the teachers basically worked on the same content, but in different months, which ended up causing some students to repeat the content when they were forced to change school, from one year to the other or in the same school year. After the curriculum was ready, the professors were called again to participate, answering questions about the relevance and would apply such document in their teaching practice in subsequent years. According to your answers, all seven professors will use it, and here I include myself again as a teacher in the network. Organized into six chapters, this dissertation aims to contribute to solving one of the main issues raised by physical education teachers in the network: curriculum disorganization. Throughout the chapters, organizing the curriculum for the three grades of secondary education, systematizing them bimonthly, enabling the teacher to adapt it to the school routine. In the final considerations, I explain what had been achieved, problematizing the obstacles found and what advantages students and high school physical education teachers from the state public network in the city of Picos would have with such a document.

INTRODUCTION: Current evidence suggests that physical activity and sedentary behavior can be influenced by diferente domains of motivations, thus understanding the types of motivations that intervene in these behaviors is crucial. OBJECTIVE: Based on the theory of self-determination, the aim of the study was to verify the associations between the motivation domains with the levels of spontaneous physical activity and sedentary behavior measured by accelerometry. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out with one hundred and sixty-four participants (58,5% women; age: median = 31,50, percentiles 25–75 = 26,25–40,0 years; BMI: median = 25,35, percentiles 25–75 = 22,65–29,07 kg/m²). Levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior were measured by accelerometry. The motivation domains (amotivation, intrinsic, external, introjected, identified and self-determination index) were verified by the BREQ-2 questionnaire. RESULTS: Intrisic motivation was positively associated with MPA (β = 1,84, p = 0,036) and MVPA (β = 2,20, p = 0,034). Introjected motivation was positively associated with MVPA (β = 2,32, p = 0,034) and amotivation was negatively associated with sedentary behavior (β = -0,42, p = 0,006). CONCLUSION: Adults who had greater intrinsic motivation (interest and pleasure in the activity) demonstrated higher levels of moderate and moderate/vigorous physical activity. Therefore, intrinsic motivation may be a factor that should be considered in strategies aimed at increasing the practice of physical activity in adults.

INTRODUCTION: The small-sided games (SSG) is a valid and widely used training method by soccer coaches and physical trainers and its variables that compose it affect the workload, thus, it is important to elucidate the external training load of the different models of this variable. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the external and internal training load in young soccer players, during the performance of small-sided games with different scoring methods. METHODS: The study consisted of 13 young athletes (age: 14.7 ± 0.4 years; height: 167.1 ± 6.5 cm; weight: 55.5 ± 7.5 kg) who performed three different models of SSG: SSG with the objective of maintaining ball possession (ssgPB), SSG with scoring zone (ssgZP) and SSG with overtaking zone (ssgZU), for each model there were two training sessions. In this context, the external training load (CET) was monitored using the PlayerLoad® method and the internal training load (CIT) based on the subjective perception of session effort (PSE-session). RESULTS: - The CET was significantly different between the models (F₍₂₄₎ = 43.387; p ≤ 0.001; ŋ² = 0.78) with the mean values of the JRPB (369.05 ± 66.6) being the highest values compared to JRZP (326.22 ± 50.6) and JRZU (288.08 ± 52.92). The mean CIT values also differed significantly between the SSG models (F₍₂₄₎ = 19, 549 ; p = 0.001; ŋ² = 0.62), with the JRPB (238.69 ± 32.21) presenting the highest values compared to JRZP (208.57 ± 32.17) and JRZU (187, 38 ± 30.4). CONCLUSION: The different scoring methods of the SSG presented different magnitudes in the training loads, being suggested for coaches and physical trainers the use of the model aiming at maintaining the ball possession for training sessions with higher intensities, and for sessions with lower intensities intensities the use of the model with overtaking zone.

Introduction. Among the changes present in HIV, there is an imbalance of cardiac autonomic control, which can lead PLWHA to prematurely present cardiovascular diseases. Thus, therapies that assist pharmacological treatment and enhance the results of non-drug therapies are essential for improving health. Therefore, the objective of the study is to evaluate the acute effect of atrial transcutaneous electrostimulation of the vagus nerve on the cardiac autonomic control of people living with HIV / AIDS. Methodology. The research is characterized as a controlled, randomized, crossover and double blind clinical trial, with a sample composed of 21 people with HIV / AIDS who have been using ART for more than 6 months and who were in a physical detraining period for 3 months. university extension project that uses “Viver Mais” physical exercise. The individuals were randomly allocated to two groups: taVNS (active stimulation) and Sham-t (inactive stimulation), where they were then crossed. For atrial transcutaneous electrostimulation of the vagus nerve, a TENS device (Tensmed Iv 4034es Carci, Brazil) was used, with modified electrodes. To evaluate the cardiac autonomic control, the heart rate variability process was performed, where 5 minutes were analyzed and the measures of the average HR, RMSSD, LF, HF, LF / HF, SD1, SD2 and SD1 / SD2 were selected. The two-way ANOVA of repeated measurements was used to verify the effect of electrostimulation on the auricular nerve on cardiovascular parameters (Time [4] x condition [2]). For all analyzes, a significance level of 5% was adopted. Results. The taVNS group increased LF from 25'-30 '(∆ = 0.281, 95% CI = 0.068 - 0.494, p = 0.006) and after the experimental session (∆ = 0.291, 95% CI = 0.051 - 0.531, p = 0.012). The Sham-t group increased LF since the beginning of the 5'-10 'protocol (∆ = 0.334, 95% CI = 0.120 - 0.548, p = 0.001), 25'-30' (∆ = 0.356, 95% CI = 0.190 - 0.523, p <0.001) and after the session (∆ = 0.421, 95% CI = 0.156 - 0.686, p = 0.001). Conclusion. TAVNS in PLWHA may be a good strategy for improving cardiac autonomic control, however, new protocols need to be tested and over a period to demonstrate the possible benefits of an intervention with taVNS.

Regarding the selection of talents in jiu-jitsu, it is necessary to take into account which factors can affect sports performance, such as morphological characteristics and biological maturation; thus, the study aimed to relate biological maturation and anthropometric components with the muscular strength of young jiu-jitsu athletes, as well as verifying the effectiveness in correctly discriminating these athletes. A cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 18 young males (13.0 ± 2.20 years). Neuromuscular tests of upper and lower limbs and assessments of body composition, biological maturation, and anthropometric variables were performed. In both groups, biological maturation and anthropometric components were related to upper and lower limbs strength (p <0.05); discriminant functions pointed out that biological maturation (F = 3.59; p = 0.03) and the height of the trunk (F = 3.85; p = 0.01) can discriminate the upper limbs strength by 98.0%, while the length of the legs can discriminate the vertical jump (F = 6.92; p = 0.01) and countermovement jump (F = 6.90; p = 0.01) by 96.7%. Artificial neural networks indicated that together, anthropometric components and muscle strength discriminate 93.5% of Brazilian Jiu-jitsu athletes and 94.8% of the control group. Thus, biological maturation and anthropometric components are related to the performance of upper and lower limbs muscle strength of young elite jiu-jitsu male athletes, as well as maturation, trunk height, and lower limbs length are discriminating factors for the performance of upper and lower limbs muscle strength in elite young male jiu-jitsu athletes. In addition, lean mass, somatotype, trunk height, span, leg length, and upper and lower limb strength proved to be effective in discriminating young jiu-Jitsu athletes, suggesting the importance of these variables in the selection of young talents in this sport. Thus, the present study allows coaches to assess certain characteristics in young athletes so that they can serve as parameters in the selection of sporting talents in jiu-jitsu.

Leisure as an object of study has been attracting attention in Brazil since the 1970s, but research related to the theme in the city of Natal is commonly related to tourism or restricted to very specific sectors/aspects, so we sought to carry out a more comprehensive research on of leisure, taking into account, above all, the perceptions of the population regarding the theme. The general objective of our work was to analyze the life experiences that culminated in the valorization (or not) of leisure by individuals, and as specific objectives, we aim to present the meanings and identify the values of leisure for the people of Natal, as well as the cultural interests of predominant leisure activities in our population and to map the leisure physical/sports activities of these citizens. Thus, we conducted our study by briefly exposing the history of leisure, presenting its concepts, functions and contents over time, reflecting on the origin of fundamental values and considering the possibilities of leisure values, and undertaking the analysis of perceptions of Natal population about the meanings, values and experiences of leisure. We delimited the city of Natal/RN and its metropolitan region as a research space, defining the final number of participants by theoretical saturation, reaching a quantitative of 94 social actors. The research methodology used followed a qualitative, descriptive approach, where an online questionnaire was applied as a data collection tool, using Bardin's categorical content analysis in data analysis. The results pointed out as the main meanings of leisure for the people of Natal: pleasure, free time, rest and fun. With regard to leisure values, the most expressive was the value related to health and well-being. In the field of experiences, we have seen all cultural interests of leisure in our society covered, although manual content has been shown to be the least practiced by the social actors in this study, while physical/sporting and social content appeared as the most frequently experienced. In relation to experiences that impeded the enjoyment of leisure, we found lack of time, lack of opportunity/space, onerousness, personal limitations, the pandemic, among others. On the other hand, among the experiences that inspired the appreciation of physical/sports leisure, there were those related to health, social, childhood, the development of intrapersonal skills, school, some competitions, family, among others. Thus, we concluded our research with exciting results, which demonstrated a certain awareness of the population regarding our object of study, in addition, desirable values were attributed to leisure and its importance was recognized by society, although it is still necessary to find solutions to some issues that have arisen. as recurrent hindrances in the enjoyment of leisure, the participation of Natal residents in activities of this nature is still encouraging.

This paper aims to analyze whether students with disabilities feel included in Physical Education classes, taking into consideration the many possibilities this curricular component has to offer to the body and, therefore, its importance to an inclusive education. Thus, this research has a qualitative approach and is characterized as a case study. This study was carried out at a State Center for Professional Education with a deaf student enrolled in high school. Data collection occurred through a semi-structured interview that took place through a virtual platform, due to the measures of social distancing necessary at the time. The data obtained was analyzed using the Bardin Content Analysis method. The results show that sports are still the predominant content in Physical Education classes and that integration is often mistaken for inclusion. Therefore, this study shows that it is essential to understand the importance of overcoming the sports approach in Physical Education and to assimilate that inclusive education goes beyond inserting all students in the same environment, since it is characterized as a change in educational perspective and provides for all students meaningful learning experiences respecting their limitations and exploring their potential. It is a construction based on listening, exchange and respect for the autonomy of the students.

This dissertation arose from a concern about the use of comic books at school, especially in Physical Education classes, considering that this form of language arouses greater interest in students because it involves playful characteristics. Comic books (comics) provide entertainment for young people and adults, but the intention of comics is not just fun and hobby, they can also have the function of informing, training and educating the citizen. In this sense, the study question of our work is: How do comic books in the teaching of Physical Education contribute to the expansion of pedagogical possibilities? The general objective of the study is to describe and analyze the pedagogical experience with comic books in the teaching of Physical Education in the second stage of elementary school. The research is characterized as being a descriptive research, with a qualitative approach, and participant from a pedagogical intervention. The study setting is the State School Lauro de Castro, located in Natal/RN. The research involves a 6th grade class, 21 girls and 17 boys, totaling 38 students. The intervention took place in two stages: the first with in-person classes and the second with remote classes motivated by the pandemic crisis during the year 2020. With a total of 8 weeks (16 classes), each class lasting 50 minutes. Given this current educational scenario, it was necessary to reinvent ourselves at every moment, in order to propose an education that includes new ways of teaching, contributing to the teaching-learning of our students, providing opportunities for the formation of critical, reflective and creative individuals. The analysis of the pedagogical experience took the light of cultural analysis through two types of research material, namely: participant observation, with regard to processes, and students' productions, with regard to products. The interventional results of the research regarding the thematic contents of school Physical Education, showed a great differential for the development of skills such as: teamwork, in which students were motivated to work with colleagues, in the organization, where the same were i involved in the distribution to carry out the tasks, exercise of authorship in developing their narratives through creative scripts, in addition to encouraging the student to have more autonomy, in view of the responsibility assigned to the student with the proposal.

High intensityfunctional training (HIFT) ischaracterizedby high volumes and high training intensitieswithorwithoutanyrecoveryintervalbetween sets andwithconstantlyvariedexercises. HIFTaimstoincreasethephysicalcapabilitiesofpractitioners, howeverstrategies are neededto minimize injury rates andenhance performance. Therefore, theaimofthepresentstudywasto monitor andanalyzethedispositionoftheinternal training load (ITL), toverifythechroniceffectoftheHIFTonthe performance betweenthedifferentconditioninglevels, toanalyzetheasymmetryindicesbetweenlimbsandtoverifytherelationbetweenasymmetries. and performance measures. The sample consistedof 31 HIFTpractitioners (14 menand 17 women) withdifferent fitness levels. The sum andaverageweeklyloadswererecorded for thecalculationofmonotony, strainandacute:chronicworkloadratio(ACWR). In addition, practitionersperformed bilateral (BCMJ) and unilateral (UCMJ) vertical jump, vertical jump (SJ), sprint, andhandgripstrengthtests. The ITLpresentedvariationsofgreaterandsmaller magnitude betweenweekswithdifferences in monotonyandstrainonly for beginners. Additionally, onlythebeginnergroupshowedanincrease in performance. It wasobservedthatasymmetriesbetweenlimbs do notseemtoberelatedtolower performance in thetestsofspeedandmusclepower. However, asymmetriesabove 15% mayincreasethe chance ofinjury. Therefore, ITLmonitoringshouldbeindividualizedandcoachesshouldstriveto improve thephysicalcapacitiesofintermediateandadvanced. In addition, whenthegoalisto maximize performance in the training program, coachesshouldprioritizetasksthatincrease bilateral vertical jump over unilateral jump.

Researches about the several meanings and representations of the body in corporal practices, especially in soccer, have progressively increased their presence in the field of studies on human movement, culture, and education. The investigation regarding women in the soccer universe has been conducted from different aspects of analysis, in multiple works. However, there are still many questions to be discussed, since those researches only analyze some aspects of the corporal practices in sports, without treating the issue of the construction of the body of these athletes. Therefore, this research aimed to understand social-cultural factors that contribute to the construction of the body in women’s soccer and its relation to health, attempting to generate reflections on Physical Education. We have chosen the phenomenology of the philosopher Maurice MerleauPonty (1999) in order to consider the experiences of fifteen players of a soccer team named Cruzeiro Futebol Clube, located in the city of Macaíba, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, also counting with other bodies and phenomena to construct knowledge as something infinite, unfinished. Thus, the presented conclusions lead to the relations between body, health, and sports. We have presented the necessity of considering the individual in its totality, by providing an understanding of the human being in its way of being in the world, whether in the social-cultural, physical, spiritual, sentimental, or physiological questions. This study contributes to the Physical Education field for touching upon a way of viewing and seeing health in Physical Education from an existential perspective. Therefore, our study allows professionals to have the freedom to conduct their practices without being held by the fads imposed by the physical culture of health, as well as guides the involved subjects to recognize the limits and possibilities of their own body and health, by collaborating to a perception that appreciates the individual while connecting their relations, experiences, and, most importantly, their wishes.

This dissertation work is developed in the midst of reflections on the Urban Adventure Body Practice, called Le Parkour, originating in the suburbs of France and which has been gaining supporters worldwide, having as main means of propagating films, documentaries and videos on the internet . Such practice arrived in Brazil around 2004, and 2005 in Natal / RN, with a way of dissemination / teaching distinct from formal education. Therefore, we ask ourselves: how is the teaching and learning process of Parkour carried out in a group of practitioners in the city of Natal / RN? The inquiry leads to the objective of the research, which is to understand how the teaching and learning process of Parkour takes place in a group of practitioners in the city of Natal / RN. To achieve our goals, we used qualitative research of a descriptive nature, with an ethnographic bias, being developed in three stages: the first, we carried out a participant observation in the training of a group of Parkour practitioners in Natal / RN, which took place in the period between June 2019 to December 2019, with video registration; second, we interviewed 5 Parkour practitioners who train in the city for at least a year; in the third, we discuss the way we learn and how to teach Parkour from the point of view of the practitioners and the proposals available in the literature. For this, we problematize the relationship between man and the urban environment and the educational aspects that surround it, as well as the changes that have occurred due to the way cities have been built over time. However, it is currently gaining other meanings and meanings with the Body Adventure Practices. We reflected on the indicative suggestions in the literature for teaching Parkour, whether at school or outside. We verified some similarities and differences between them in the following aspects: place of practice, duration, age among participants, equipment and spaces used, risk management, objective of the practice and existence of a mediator. We identified similar characteristics in the teaching and learning process of Parkour in Natal / RN, which is marked by the informal way, in groups, but in some moments, the teaching in pairs is predominant, happening more frequently on weekends in the afternoon, without time determined to end, with or without the use of music. Regarding the movements, they initially watch videos available on the internet from other practitioners and tend to reproduce them in training in a fragmented and progressive way in order to achieve the goal, adapting according to the structure of the city, using non-specific equipment and even modifying it. them, adding tires to expand the possibilities of movement, since there are inadequacies and lack of maintenance of city squares. Thus, the way a Traceur and Traceuse developed their Flow will be directly influenced by these factors. Filming in training is also something important to check and analyze errors, in addition to the perception of colleagues regarding the positioning of the body, making adjustments, until the sequence is performed again, as well as a way to perceive the evolution or setback in the individual or collective performance, and the publication of these videos on social networks, contribute to communication between practitioners from other cities or countries, further expanding the possibilities of teaching and learning about Parkour.

Introduction: Currently, there is a need for specific measures to restore health in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which are not yet fully understood by the literature. Lifestyle interventions such as diet and exercise modify the symptoms and are considered the main non-pharmacological treatment. Objective: To investigate the changes caused by resistance exercise in body composition in muscle strength, biochemical markers and their relationships. Methods: This is a controlled clinical trial conducted on 11 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. In this research, a progressive linear strength training lasting 12 weeks with 36 sessions was carried out, followed by the analysis of body composition through DEXA, evaluation of the Maximum Strength through the Dynamometer (handgrip and scapular) and biochemical investigation in a peripheral sample collected pre and post intervention. Initially, a descriptive analysis of measures of central tendency and dispersion for the characteristics of the sample was performed, followed by a paired t test to analyze changes in body composition, strength and biochemistry, as well as the calculation of difference by means of deltas, by subtracting the values of the post and pre moment. Finally, Pearson's correlation test was used to detect the relationships between these variables. A p value ≤ 0.05 was considered for all statistical analysis. Results: The mean for height, weight and BMI were, respectively, 1.61 meters, 65 kg and 24 kg / m²in the investigated patients. No significant increases were observed after the intervention in any variable related to body composition, strength and biochemistry. Non-significant increases were observed in the HDL mean values, being pre 43.818 and post 45.091. In the correlations of biochemistry with body composition and strength, only significant results of glucose with soft tissue (r = 0.668) and total mass (r = 0.668) occurred. Conclusion: However, strength training did not promote changes in body composition, strength and biochemical markers of the evaluated patients. However, there were positive changes in HDL values after the intervention, although not significant. Glucose correlated significantly with elements of body composition.

This work looks at paraenses dances in order to reveal symbolic and cultural meanings and meanings for Physical Education, from the perspective of a sensitive body that produces reflections from gestures, languages and emotions, guiding the perception of my gaze and the look of the other as a subjective source of knowledge close to the reality experienced about popular dances in Pará, seeking to expand the possibilities of cultural knowledge. The objective of this research was to present, contribute and expand the knowledge of reflections on the body in Physical Education and reflect on it in its cultural and symbolic aspects in the dance manifestations of Pará. The research originates from a concern about not having found these artistic expressions so enlighteningly that they focus on a perception of bodies in the world and the lived world, emphasizing the search for other epistemological coordinates about body and culture for Physical Education. Thus, for the development of the work, we have, as a methodological basis, a qualitative study that seeks to discover and classify the relationship between the variables, from which the analysis, recording and interpretation of the facts of the physical world are carried out without the researcher's interference, taking the conceptions of the phenomenological method of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, for understanding that the philosopher is not limited to closed concepts, and, from these reflections, to build horizons, dialogues and discussions about the mediations between body, aesthetics and popular culture and how the dances addressed here are manifested, as a phenomenon incorporated in the paraense body. In this study, we take as reference the presentation of the group Balé Folclórico da Amazônia, in the show Dançares Amazónico, proposing to expand the concepts from the analysis of the spectacle of some scenes, in addition to the various types of records, such as videos, lyrics, costumes, photos, interviews, giving a dynamic that links the different symbols, helping us to reflect on the meaning of this body, this culture and the symbols for Physical Education. Thus, the final considerations are presented, understanding the contours of the body's action as culture and that demand a look at objects of investigation that contextualize them in their most varied dimensions, thus allowing a new meaning to the dances analyzed, in what, sometimes , it can be contradictory when the whole determines and is determined by singular experiences, understanding the different cultural dances as an interdisciplinary and dynamic field of knowledge, becoming promising when promoting the development of symbologies explored in this study.

Objective: To verify the influence of motor coordination level on physical fitness of pubertal adolescents. Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional analytical study with a quantitative approach. Eighty-seven pubertal boys aged 14.17 (± 1.10) years were included in this analysis; body mass 55.79 (± 9.64) kg; height 1.64 (± 0.09) m; BMI 20.58 (± 2.74) kg / m. Initially, adolescents were evaluated for somatic maturation according to Mirwald et al. (2002) to determine the years for peak growth velocity (yHPV). Were performed the following tests: body coordination test (Körperkoordinationtest für Kinder - KTK) and planned and reactive agility tests to assess the influence of motor coordination on physical fitness. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the relationships between the independent variable (KTK scores) and dependent variables (planned and reactive agility time, perception time, movement response time, and total reactive agility test time). ). Also, a multiple linear regression model was used to verify which component of the agility time (perception time and movement response time) can better explain the test results. A value of p <0.05 was adopted for statistical significance. Results: Perceptual time and yHPV variables were not correlated, while planned agility time (r = -0.45, p <0.01) and total reactive agility test time (r = -042, p < 0.01) showed a moderate correlation with motor coordination. Agility time (-0.50 p <0.01), movement response time (-0.61, p <0.01) had a high correlation with motor coordination. Regarding the multiple linear regression analysis performed between the agility time components, it was observed that the movement response time was identified as the main predictor variable for reactive agility time in the model involving reactive agility time (R2 = 0 , 74, p <0.01). Conclusion: Motor coordination is associated with the values of agility and its components, demonstrating the importance to improve the efficiency of movement in pubertal youth.

Introduction: In recent years, several studies have evaluated the effect of exercise loads on different psychophysological parameters. Among these or what are the care received by technicians and subject to continuous exposure to harmful factors. Objective: To investigate the effect of training load on sleep time during a pre-season training week and its influence on the variables of stress, performance and recovery in young athletics practitioners. Methods: 20 athletes (16 men and 4 women, age: 18.2 ± 2.1 years, height: 173.61 ± 21 cm and weight: 63.36 ± 9.96 kg) underwent one week of AA training internal training load (CIT) was measured by the session PSE method and followed as daily CIT (CITd), considering the sum of the CIT of the morning and afternoon sessions. Nighttime sleep time was quantified by performance and sleep diary. A linear model analysis was performed with the application of maximum likelihood to calculate the effects of the effects between the predictor and output variables. Results: There was an overnight training week effect on night sleep of -18 minutes and a training load of 54.12 UA. However, there was no effect of this night sleep and sleep environments (usual and unusual). Athletes who dozed off found the best state of recovery compared to those who did not. There was no effect of nighttime sleep on the variables of stress, performance and recovery. Conclusion: As training loads in a preseason do not affect sleep behavior in young people, however, a nap practice demonstrates an interesting recovery strategy in units with two training sessions

Introduction: Studies show that decision making about exercising or not can be influenced unconsciously by affective memories (automatic affective assessments). These memories are formed from the feeling of pleasure or displeasure (affective valance) felt in previous experiences. In general, there is a direct relationship between perceived of effort (PSE) and affect during the exercise. It is known that the state of mental fatigue can increase the PSE, however, the possible influence of mental fatigue on affect and consequently on automatic affective evaluations has not been studied until now. Objective: To investigate the influence of mental fatigue on affective response during physical exercise, and the effects of exercising in this mental state on automatic affective evaluation about physical exercise. Methods: This is a study with an experimental design, crossed, randomized and balanced. The sample consisted of 12 young adults (6 women and 6 men; age: 24.9 ± 2.9; BMI: 24.2 ± 2.6) insufficiently physically active (did not reach the minimum ACSM recommendations for moderate exercise / in the last 3 months). The study was divided into three separate visits. In the first visit participants were familiarized with the affect and RPE scales, obtained the automatic affective evaluations (using implicit association test - IAT) and perform the maximum effort test. The second and third visits corresponded to the experimental and control conditions (carried out in a randomized and balanced order). In the experimental condition, the volunteers were submitted to 30 minutes of demanding cognitive test before performing 20 minutes of moderate physical exercise. In the control condition, the volunteers watched 30 minutes of a neutral documentary before the 20 minutes of exercise. The level of mental fatigue was assessed using the visual analog fatigue scale at the beginning of each session, after the stroop test, documentary and the physical test. Affect and RPE were assessed every two minutes during the 20 minutes of physical exercise. The automatic affective evaluations were assessed using the implicit association test on the first visit, before the stroop test and the documentary and 5 minutes after the end of physical exercise in both conditions. Two-way ANOVA for repeated measures (condition x time) and Bonferroni's post-hoc were used to compare the level of mental fatigue between the two conditions before and after treatment (cognitive test and documentary film) and to compare the association implicit in 3 moments (on the first visit, before and after each session). To assess the difference in affect and RPE between conditions during exercise, the paired T test was used (for non-parametric data, the Wilcoxon test was used). The level of significance was set at p <0,05. Results: An effect of time was observed (F(1,11) = 8,12, p <0,01) and condition x time interaction for mental fatigue (F(1,11) = 4,40, p = 0,04). The level of mental fatigue increased only after the cognitive test performed in the experimental condition (p<0,01), and this increase was significantly different from the control condition (mean difference = 2,40; p = 0,04). There was also a significant difference in affect (experimental: 0,52 ± 2,00 vs control: 2,08 ± 1,66; Z = -2,40; p = 0,01) and RPE (experimental: 12.08 ± 1.83 vs control: 10,93 ± 1,56; t (11) = 2,28; p = 0,04) during exercise between conditions. There was no effect of time and time and group interaction for the implicit association. Conclusion: The state of mental fatigue actually decreases the perception of pleasure during exercise, however, this decrease did not have an acute influence on automatic affective assessments about physical exercise.

INTRODUCTION: In recent years, the relationship between physical activity, fitness, cognitive function and academic performance in children has been receiving considerable attention. The benefits of an active childhood lifestyle have implications for public health and education. METHODS: Forty-eight children at an average of 10.5± 0.7 years old participated in the study, among whom 25 (52.1%) were boys and 23 (47.9%) were girls. In this research, reaction time (RT) and number of errors (NE) were analyzed in the specific inhibitory cognitive tests for food and general for toy. School performance test (TDE) was used to assess the children's performance in writing, reading and arithmetic. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using the indirect Léger test. The normal distribution was verified using the Shapiro-Wilk test. After performing a description of the data, Pearson and Spearman's correlation coefficients. In significant correlations (p ≤ 0.05), the predictive power (R 2) of the independent variables over the dependent variables (cognitive variables) was determined by linear regression analysis. RESULTS: It was evidenced that the group with the highest oxygen consumption had a higher TR and a lower TDE performance compared to the other groups in the food inhibitory control test. In addition, we also found a significant correlation regarding the number of errors (food) and the reaction time in the inhibitory control for food with the percentage of children's fat. CONCLUSION: This study allows us to conclude that a higher level of cardiorespiratory fitness is not associated with better cognitive performance in this audience.

The integrative and complementary practices became policy of the Brazilian Ministry of Health in 2006 contemplating five practices in its origin. However, only in the year of 2017 yoga was included in this policy. This research discusses historical aspects of integrative and complementary practices by interweaving it with yoga. Despite the recent insertion, yoga is a millennial and widespread practice by the West presenting the need to understand the Western practitioners of yoga. In this sense, the research aims to understand the construction of the body of yogis of the Núcleo de Yoga Professor Hermógenes da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte with a view to identifying contributions to physical education. In addition, this study aims to identifying and discuss: The perceptions and understandings of practitioners about body, as well as the effects of bodily practices for their users. The research was based on the phenomenological method of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, based on the strategy of the phenomenon located, so there was the displacement of the researcher to the experienced yoga world of fifteen interviewees based on the dialogue from interviews Semi-structured. The interviewees pointed out their perceptions and understandings related to the body. We understand the body as the subject in its entirety. In this perspective, we discussed the motivations and perceptions of respondents who point out their transformations, care, and stimuli to continue experiencing yoga. Therefore, we discerned that this study contributes to the area of physical education by emerging a new perspective on this body practice, presenting results of the importance of yoga for its practitioner. By virtue of expanding the look of the yogi to the comprehension of who is yourself, transmutating to a perception that values the being, the relationships, the meanings, and the symbols of the experiences performed in the context investigated.

Sarcopenia, a disease that associates skeletal muscle loss with impairment of physical function, is highly prevalent in aging and associated with adverse outcomes in the elderly with cancer. However, studies with oncology patients only analyze the amount of muscle mass, and lack collaborative information on muscle quality and physical function associated with this diagnosis. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the associations between muscle mass, divided into four phenotypes according to the quantity and quality of muscle, and physical function in the elderly with cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. A cross-sectional study was performed evaluating the physical function through the manual grip force (dynamometry) and the gait speed test. To evaluate muscle mass, computed tomography images of the abdominal region were analyzed with specific software, using the parameters of skeletal muscle index (IME) and muscular quality (muscular attenuation). The individuals were classified into four musculature phenotypes: quantity and normal quality, low quantity only, low quality only and low quantity and muscular quality. To compare the physical function variables among the four different phenotypes, we used one-way analysis of variance and to test the associations between muscle mass and physical function, the simple linear regression models were used. A significance level of 5% was adopted. We evaluated 167 patients, with a higher prevalence of males (58.1%) and mean age of 69.17 ± 7.97 years. The majority of patients were physically inactive (82.6%), and the prevalence of sarcopenia was 37.7%. The elderly male oncology with low quality and / or muscular quantity phenotypes presented worse performance in dynamometry and gait tests. There were associations between physical function and quantity and muscular quality, and in the regression analysis, these joints better explained the strength and performance tests in males. We conclude that there are associations between muscle mass and physical function, especially in the male sex, being impaired by the muscular phenotypes with low quantity and / or quality in elderly patients with neoplasias of the gastrointestinal tract.

INTRODUCTION: The maturational process generates morphological changes in bone and muscle tissue which can be influenced by sports training. These changes in turn, depending on the external load of training or competition that the young athletes are submitted. Excessive loads may decrease the athletic performance and impair the athletes' health parameters. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the process of morphological adaptation during a season of training and competition in young athletes of the Sub-15 category. METHODS: Participants were 17 athletes [14.8 ± 0.4 years; 61.0 ± 9.6 kg; 171.2 ± 5.5 m; -0.2 (-0.4; 0.5) years from peak height velocity - YPHV monitored during 14 weeks of training (3 to 4 times per week / 120 min day). Internal training load (session PSE); the anthropometric measures for the evaluation of the peak of growth velocity (PVC); bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMD), and muscle mass through DXA were analyzed. The monitoring was carried out in three moments: initial (pre-season - PS), preparation period (PP) and end of the competitive period (CP). Furthermore, the average intake of calcium through the Food Recall (R24h) and the level of physical activity by accelerometry were investigated. The paired Student's t-test was used to compare the average internal load between the Preparation Period and the Competitive Period; the repeated measures ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post hoc to compare BMC and BMD over the three months and the linear correlation of Person to verify the association between PVC with BMD and BMC. RESULTS: The average internal load of the Periods of Preparation (PP) and Competitive Period (CP) were similar [1493.0 ± 148.5 vs. 1344.7 ± 311.9 u.a., t (16) = 2.109; p = 0.051]. The participants' caloric intake of calcium was 515.4 g (429.6 to 617.4 g). The level of physical activity was: sedentary (501.1 ± 91.4), mild (267.6 ± 50.5) and moderate-vigorous (54.2 ± 9.6) min / day. The CMO of the leg and trunk were higher in the competitive period compared to the preseason (p = 0.001) and (p = 0.011), respectively. The BMC of the whole body was higher in the competitive period compared to pre-season (p = 0.001) and the preparation period (p = 0.003). There was an increase in muscle mass from PT to PP (p = 0.021). There were no significant changes in BMD over the analyzed period (p = 0.174). There was a significant correlation between PVC and BMD values in the whole body, legs and trunk (r = 0.81, p <0.001, r = 0.81, p <0.001, r = 0.78, p <0.001) respectively between PVC and BMD (r = 0.59, p = 0.013). CONCLUSION: During the training and competition season an increase in BMC and muscle mass was observed, as expected by the maturational process, as seen by PVC. Although there were no changes in training load during the season, the training applied does not seem to have negatively influenced the process of bone mineralization, even in the presence of a low calcium intake presented by the players.

Due to similar demands between repeated sprints ability and physical performance in sports, repeated Sprint ability has been used as an important parameter of athletic performance. Sprint's performance depends on high levels of acceleration and muscle strength over short distances. PURPOSE: To verify the superiority effect between plyometric and repeated sprint training in physical abilities in young people. METHODOLOGY: The sample consisted of 30 youngsters, 12 to 14 years old, who attended a sports initiation project in the city of Natal / RN. The volunteers were divided into three groups, control group (G1), group jump (G2) and group Sprint (G3). The randomization carried out by the teachers of the project, blindly and by lot. STAGE 1 (Preintervention) evaluated anthropometric data for use in the Cabral bone age predictor equation, repeated sprint capacity in the 6-series 20-meter protocol with 20-second intervals between each series and the vertical counter-movement jump with 2 attempts. STAGE 2 (reliability analysis) another collection of repeated sprint and intermittent skip capability to perform reliability analysis. STAGE 3 (post-intervention) reevaluation of physical tests to verify the influence of SR and PL training after 12 sessions. RESULTS: no significant difference was observed in the time effect in the comparison between the groups, but showed a significant difference in the pre and post intra groups, for those who performed the jump and Sprint protocol, with improvement in the best sprint, worse sprint, in mean and in the decrease, in these groups. For the vertical jump against movement, the Sprint group (G3) showed a significant difference of the pre (5.04 ± 0.67) for the post (5.37 ± 0.54). CONCLUSION: Repeated sprint training proved to be efficient for both sprint ability and sprint ability, where it obtained a better result when comparing the variations

Low muscle strength (dynapenia) and low cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with metabolic syndrome (MS) in older population. However, to the best of our knowledge, no previous study has investigated whether the combined association of dynapenia and low cardiorespiratory fitness with MS is stronger when compared to dynapenia and low cardiorespiratory fitness isolated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between dynapenia, low cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiodynapenia with MS in older adults. This is a cross-sectional study involving 184 older adults (65.6 ± 4.3 years; 130 women)  without history of cardiovascular disease living in Natal-RN. Muscle strength was assessed by the 30-s chair stand test and cardiorespiratory fitness by the 6-min walk test. Dynapenia and low cardiorespiratory fitness were defined as performance in the 30-s chair stand test and the 6-min walk test below the percentile 25 for age and sex, respectively. Cardiodynapenia was defined as the combination of dynapenia and low cardiorespiratory fitness. MS was defined by the presence of at least three of the following NCEP-ATP III criteria: i) waist circumference > 102 cm for men and > 88 cm for women; ii) triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL; iii) HDL-cholesterol < 40 mg/dL for men and < 50 mg/dL for women; iv) systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg; v) fasting glucose ≥ 110 mg/dL. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to determine the prevalence ratio (PR) for MS in dynapenic, low cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiodynapenic older adults. The prevalence of dynapenia was 17.9% (n = 33), low cardiorespiratory fitness was 22.8% (n = 42), and cardiodynapenia was 10.9% (n = 20). The prevalence of MS was 56.5% (n = 104). Dynapenia was associated with MS (PR 1.30, CI 95% 1.01-1.66; p = 0.038). Low cardiorespiratory fitness was not associated with MS (RP 1.22, CI 95% 0.95-1.59; p = 0.113). Cardiodynapenia showed a stronger association with MS (RP 1.43, IC 95% 1,08-1,88; p = 0,012) than dynapenia. All analyses were adjusted for sex and body mass index. The results suggest that cardiodynapenia has a stronger association with MS than dynapenia and low cardiorespiratory fitness isolated in the older population. Therefore, cardiodynapenic older adults seem to have an increased risk for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.

People with intellectual disability (ID) have the balance affected when compared to people without ID, problems with postural balance begin when young and remain throughout life. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of functional training on postural balance and on the ADLs of people with ID. We evaluated 14 individuals aged between 17 and 43 years, 11 men and 3 women, all of whom underwent 12 weeks of intervention through the Functional Training methodology. They were evaluated in four conditions, bi-podal with vision, bi-podal without vision, bi-podal with vision and foam and tandem, the components of the postural control: average amplitude of anteroposterior oscillation, average amplitude of lateral oscillation, anteroposterior mean velocity, mean lateral velocity, total mean velocity, anteroposterior perimeter, mid-lateral perimeter, area and total displacement, in the pre, postintervention and treadmill periods, these measurements were performed in the triaxial Force Platform , Cefise. Body mass index, fat percentage, fat mass, lean mass and fat free mass were measured for the body composition of the Lunar DXA (GE Healthcare) densitometer. For manual gripping force, the dynamometer grip (Jamar) was used and the isometric flexion test was used to evaluate the upper body strength. Descriptive statistics were used with individualized values for postural control. For the comparison between the conditions, the wilcoxon test was used and for the inferences regarding the possible modifications between the pre-test and post-test for area and total displacement, we used the change delta through the following equation: Δ = ((Post / Pre) -1). For the evaluation of postural control, no statistical difference was observed in the conditions evaluated. For body composition, a statistical difference was observed in percentage of fat% G (p = 0.022) and in fat mass MG (p = 0.009). For hand grip strength, a statistical difference was observed in the right hand (p = 0.030) and left hand (p = 0.009), as well as a statistical difference in the isometric flexion test (p = 0.009). However, among the findings of this study, we emphasize that individual assessment strategies, as well as individual particularities in the improvement of the components of postural control, body composition and strength had a positive repercussion in the ADLs. In this way, the trajectory involved in the evaluation and intervention processes can have benefits for activities of daily living (ADLs) involving the postural control of this population, as well as to support new research.

Introduction: Pre-competitive anxiety and the physiological responses presented by athletes during competitive matches has become a focus of research in the field of sports psychology. Although futsal is a very popular sport, few studies have looked at the anxiety state of athletes before a competition, especially in the youth team. Objective: To analyze the somatic and cognitive anxiety of school athletes belonging to the U-18 futsal category and their autonomic and hormonal responses. METHODS: Ten athletes (16.9 ± 0.7 years, 71.0 ± 5.1 kg, 174.9 ± 4.3 cm) were monitored during one week of training (WT) (2 weekly sessions lasting 90 minutes) and during 3 matches of a state level competition (2 qualifying matches and 1 eliminatory match, all lasting 40 minutes). Approximately 60 minutes before each match, the CSAI-21 questionnaire was completed to verify the pre-competitive anxiety state. Saliva sample were colleted to analyze cortisol levels and evaluating heart rate variability (HRV) in the time domain (LnRMSSD). Internal match load (IML) was determined using the session-RPE. The one-way test of repeated measures for the analysis of the domains of pre-competitive anxiety was used, the Friedman test was used for the analysis of the variables cortisol and HRV, and for the session-RPE analysis the equations generalized estimates (GHG), followed by Bonferroni post-hoc. Results: The session-RPE presented differences between the matches and training week (W₍₃₎ = 16,392, p = 0.001), showing reduction during the first match in relation to WT (5.2 ± 0.4 vs. 3.4 ± 0.7) and an increase in comparison between the first and third matches (3.4 ± 0.7 vs. 7.0 ± 1.3). The levels of cognitive anxiety were not statistically significant between the matches [F (1.644; 14.799) = 4.6, p = 0.73, partial eta ŋ² = 0.28], as well as, no significant levels of anxiety were found (F (2.09; 18.85) = 26.07 p = 0.057 partial eta ŋ² = 0.27] and in self-confidence [F (2.07; 18.85) = 15.875 p = 0.152 partial eta ŋ² = 0.18]. The values of LnRMSSD did not present changes between the matches [χ² (3) = 3,360, p = 0,339], as well as the values of cortisol χ² (3) = 4,320 p = 0,229. Conclusion: this competition model did not cause changes in the anxiety state of the participants, not altering the values of the salivary cortisol and the autonomic activity.

Introduction: The determinants of physical performance are largely explained in terms of biomechanical or metabolic capacity. In the last decade a range of studies has showed that brain and cognitive mechanisms may be related to better performance in endurance athletes. However, questions remain about how much cognitive factors may be related to the performance of athletes in exercises that seem to represent a test situation. Objective: to evaluate the correlation between inhibitory control and endurance performance of recreational cyclists in the time-trial. Methods: 15 male recreational cyclists (274.7 ± 49.5, peak power output, 29.80 ± 5.3, 75.27 ± 8.4 kg, 1.75 ± 0.1 m, 24.50 ± 2.2, kg.m², 23.21 ± 4.8% fat) participated in the study. The subjects attended two sessions, the first one was aimed at screening, familiarization with the perceptual scales, stroop test for inhibitory control evaluation and maximal incremental test on cycle ergometer, starting at 100W and increasing 30W until voluntary exhaustion. In the second session the volunteers performed the 10 km time-trial, in which they were free to regulate the march and were directed to finish in the best time. In both efforts the subjective perception of effort, affection, associative or dissociative thinking and heart rate were computed, being in intervals of 2 min for the incremental test and every 2 km for the time-trial. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to verify the normality. Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to analyze the degree of correlation between performance in the stroop test and endurance performance in the incremental and time-trial test. Level of statistical significance adopted was p <0.05. Results: Pearson’s correlations revealed a negative association (r = -0.78; p = 0.001) between peak power (W_peak) and time in the time-trial test. In addition, the subjects with the shortest reaction time (TR) had greater W_peak in the incremental test (r = -0.59; p = 0.02) and a better time-trial performance (r = 0.56; p = 0.02). Conclusion: The best inhibitory control, verified through the TR in the stroop test, seems to be associated with a better performance of recreational cyclists in the 10 km time-trial.

Introduction: Several factors have been delineated as the cause of Reading and Writing (AD) Learning Difficulties, among them the Bodily Disorders in the most diverse aspects and levels, that is, some psychomotor factors are deviant or does not have its maturation to content with their chronological age. Adequate bodily training has to be done to form a healthy and fully developing adult. In the meantime, Psychomotricity plays a fundamental role, working both in prevention and intervention, which envisage a healthy and disorderly development of children. It is in the multidisciplinarity that will have a more adequate infantile formation in analogy to the body with its psychomotor factors and the Learning Difficulties (AD). In this perspective, this approach is justified by its relevance, both for related areas and in general, which need basing and suggestions to deal with the situations put into daily life. Concerning the contributions of Psychomotricity in childhood as an intervention practice in children with Difficulties of reading and writing learning, so that they can be included in the school context, mainly within the classroom. Objective: What contributions to psychomotricity, by means of psychomotor interventions (psychomotricity sessions), can contribute to the inclusion of children with learning difficulties in reading and writing, and their influence to better organize and maturation of psychomotor factors in relation to their corporeity? Methodology: A Research Action of a basic nature, descriptive and exploratory with a qualitative approach will be used, with a non-probabilistic sample. Collection instruments: Anamnesis was used, with the parents, to know a little of the child's history; semistructured questionnaires applied to teachers of the public school where the project was developed, to gather information about the student's learning difficulties; the application of Vitor da Fonseca's Psychomotor Battery before and after psychomotor interventions (psychomotricity sessions), to evaluate the psychomotor factors in order to investigate whether there was a maturation of the psychomotor factors; Rosa Neto School Development Scale, to measure the level of reading and writing of students with Learning Difficulties of reading and writing, as well as spontaneous and reflective report; photos and videos during psychomotor sessions. Psychomotricity sessions consisting of 8 children, from the 4th year B, of Elementary School I, consisting of 2 (two) female and 6 (six) male students who had Learning Difficulties of Reading and writing. The psychomotricity sessions were done twice a week, totaling 7 sessions, during a month and a half; with the intention of verifying the contributions of psychomotricity and determining where the progress is greatest, registering everything for analysis through photos and filming. Results: It was observed by means of the anamnesis that parents' schooling is low, some did not study, others did until Elementary School I or II incomplete and have a low family income. In gestation 2 mothers had a calm and healthy pregnancy, while the other 6 had a troubled pregnancy due to illness and aggression during pregnancy. All the children presented with impairment in their motor development, in terms of head firing, sitting without support, rolling, crawling, walking, talking; or did late or skipped the stage. In the first Psychomotor Battery, 7 students exhibited Scaphy Psychomotor Profile, with slight and specific Learning Difficulties, only 1 student showed Normal Psychomotor Profile. In the School Development Handbook, to find out the Difficulties of Reading and Writing Learning, the following was found, only 1 student was able to complete almost all levels of the test, except for spontaneous writing; the other 7 fell short of their chronological age, meaning that they have difficulty reading, interpreting texts and writing, especially spontaneous writing. The second questionnaire teacher responded that all students are at the syllabic level and are totally dependent on solving activities. After the psychomotricity sessions, a new Psycho-Mechanical Battery was developed, through which the students showed a growth in their psychomotor factors, from the Spratic Profile that is 13 points, to the Normal Profile ranging from 14 to 21 points. Conclusion: It can be concluded that psychomotricity as a pedagogical resource through play and symbolic play provides the child with a pleasurable learning, making it possible to offer a set of new proposals within the school, since learning through movement involves relationships between body and psychomotor factors occurring a maturation in them, and it was possible to perceive in the children a change of Psychomotor Profile.

I invoke to be present in this work the "enchanted ones", to inspire us in a sacred way. And I invite you, 

before reading, to drink some of the traditional drink of the Tremembé people, the mocororó (the hallucinogenic 

drink, made from sour cashew) to enter the profane universe. The present work enters the indigenous culture, 

more specifically between the Tremembé of the great Almofala, in the municipality of Itarema in the state of 

Ceará where it carries out a study on the symbolism about the Torém ritual. The phenomenological understanding 

of this study (MERLEAU-PONTY, 1994) allows us to understand how the Tremembe Indians feel their experiences 

with Torem (the sacred ritual and the main diacritical sign among the ethnic group). The text justifies its 

importance as a way to attenuate the debates of the researches on the indigenous questions in Physical 

Education, where we have a scarce number of researchers and giving even though there is no research on 

the Tremembé in the area. Therefore, in this dissertative work the following questions arise: What are the 

symbols that this ritual involves? What are the esthetic meanings attributed by the Tremembe to the Torém? 

What meanings and symbolic implications can Physical Education bring to the Torrem ritual? The study aims 

to reveal the symbolic reflections for Physical Education in the Torém ritual. In addition to identifying the esteia

 attributed by the Tremembé in relation to the ritual; and analyze which meanings Physical Education can bring

 with the Torrem ritual. The gateway to this work is the stories I once had in my mind, and the continuity of 

previous academic research. We use for the description of the deepening of the historical account of this 

people and about the Torém, the work "Torém: joke of the old Indians" of the author Oliveira Jr (1998). 

However, in order to describe in a deeper way the meaning of the symbols, we use the writings of Chevallier

 & Gheerbrant (1994); we will refer to the conceptualization of culture and oral memory through Zumthor 

(2010, 1993); and to understand the concept of ritual, we will go into the works of Turner (2005, 1982) and 

Peirano (2003). And to base the phenomenology and the concept of thesy we bring to the text the author 

Merleau-Ponty (2006, 1994). Description of scenes, gestures, emotions, music, language, costumes, 

ornamentation and body expression, and other symbols that make up the ritual from the narrative of 

nine indigenous people (among them) are unveiled for ritual symbology. cacique, shaman, leaders, teachers 

and an Indian). We thus investigate the symbols in ritual based on a perception as the subjective provenance

 of knowledge, signifying marks of a culture of resistance. Taking as final point the corporeality of this process

 and the implications for Physical Education, instigating the debate for an intercultural reflection in the area.

Introduction: Physical inactivity is the biggest public health problem of the 21st century and a large portion of the population cannot reach the recommended levels. Worldwide> 30% of adults and 50% of Brazilians report lower numbers than minimum exercise recommendation for health promotion. Objective: To evaluate possible transverse and longitudinal associations between acute affective responses in two aerobic exercise conditions and the implicit association, physical activity behavior and sedentary behavior at baseline and after a period of six months. Methods: The study is characterized as prospective analytical observational with a cross-over randomization where participants were tested under two exercise conditions (moderate intensity and self-selected intensity), and a longitudinal correlation performed through the level of physical activity and behavior sedentary. The sample consisted of sedentary subjects of both sexes, aged 18-59 years. The effects of independent variables (perceptual affect responses, implicit and explicit attitudes) on dependent variables (future participation in physical exercise, level of physical activity and sedentary behavior) were verified. Participants underwent assessment procedures at baseline and after 6 (six) months. The normality of the data will be verified by the Shapiro-wilk test. Pearson's or Spearman's correlation was used to verifying the relationship of affective responses, implicit and explicit attitudes to preference and tolerance responses, future physical activity behavior, sedentary behavior, and future intention. Linear regression was used to verify the prediction of future behavior in physical activity. For data analysis, we used the software SPSS version 20.0. The significance level established was p <0.05. Results: Positive correlations were found between the implicit association with mean affect at moderate intensity (r = .29; p = .038) and with moderate and vigorous physical activity (r = .35; p = .014). In the linear regression analyses, the results show that each unit of increase in the implicit association represented a 0.6 minute increase per day in moderate and vigorous physical activity (beta = 0.6; SE = 0.28; p =, 034) and a 0.5-point increase in the affective response of moderate-intensity exercise subjects (beta = 0.5; SE = 0.26; p = .038), both change ratios being explained by 7%. We found that a unit of increase in the level of preference at baseline exercise intensity represented a 1.9-minute increase per day in moderate and vigorous physical activity after 6 months (beta = 1.9; SE = 0.50; p = .002), change is explained by 47%. Increasing the tolerance level by one unit at baseline exercise intensity represented a 1.3 minute increase per day in moderate physical activity (beta = 1.3; SE = 0.50; p = .020) such relationship explained by 28% in the regression model. Conclusion: A greater implicit association for physical activity was associated with more positive affective responses in moderate-intensity exercise and a greater amount of moderate and vigorous physical activity at baseline.

INTRODUÇÃO: o comportamento sedentário é associado a um maior risco para alterações cardiometabólicas, como a síndrome metabólica (SM). As recomendações atuais sobre atividade física para saúde têm sugerido redução do comportamento sedentário e prática regular de exercício físico moderado-vigoroso. Entretanto, pouco se conhece sobre os efeitos isolados da interrupção regular do comportamento sedentário ao longo do dia e do exercício físico sobre parâmetros relacionados à SM em adultos com excesso de gordura corporal. OBJETIVO: analisar os efeitos da interrupção regular do comportamento sedentário e do exercício físico vigoroso sobre a pressão arterial, glicemia e triglicerídeos de adultos fisicamente inativos com excesso de gordura corporal. MÉTODOS: foi conduzido um ensaio clínico controlado e randomizado com delineamento cruzado em que 25 adultos inativos com excesso de gordura corporal (10 homens; 24,4 ± 3,8 anos; % gordura corporal 34,5 ± 6%; 4.699 ± 1.962 passos por dia) foram submetidos a três sessões experimentais de 10 h com intervalo de uma semana: i) sessão SED, alto comportamento sedentário ao longo do dia; ii) sessão EX+SED, uma sessão de exercício físico vigoroso seguido de alto comportamento sedentário ao longo do dia, e; iii) sessão ATIVO, interrupção regular de comportamento sedentário ao longo do dia (cinco minutos de caminhada leve a cada 20 minutos). Refeições padronizadas foram ofertadas em todas as sessões. A glicemia, pressão arterial e triglicerídeos foram mensurados ao longo do dia. A área sob a curva (ASC) para a pressão arterial, glicemia e triglicerídeos foi calculada e a comparação entre as sessões foi realizada por modelos mistos generalizados, com um alfa de 5 %. RESULTADOS: A ASC da glicemia foi menor na sessão ATIVO [W(2) = 6.180, p = 0.046] quando comparada a sessão SED (p = 0,015). A ASC da pressão arterial diastólica foi menor na sessão ATIVO [W(2) = 6.119, p = 0.047] quando comparada a sessão SED (p = 0,029) e EX+SED (p = 0,035). Não houve diferença estatística na trigliceridemia e na pressão arterial sistólica e média entre as sessões experimentais. CONCLUSÃO: a interrupção regular do comportamento sedentário reduziu a glicemia e pressão arterial diastólica de adultos inativos com excesso de gordura corporal ao longo de um dia de alto comportamento sedentário, enquanto a sessão de exercício físico vigoroso não apresentou efeito sobre os parâmetros analisados. Portanto, a interrupção regular do comportamento sedentário deve ser encorajada para atenuar o risco cardiometabólico de adultos inativos com excesso de gordura corporal que dispendem muito tempo sentado ao longo do dia.

The low cardiorespiratory condition of people living with HIV / AIDS is one of the effects of the infection combined with the use of HAART, being associated with a high risk of cardiovascular diseases, being more relevant when combined with old age, elevated BMI and diagnosis of lipodystrophy . The objective of this study was to evaluate and describe the cardiorespiratory capacity of people living with HIV / AIDS. A cross-sectional study with descriptive typology and choice of subjects for convenience (Physical exercise with strength training), consisting of 15 individuals (11 men and 4 women), presenting a mean age of 45.58 years (± 9.44) and with HIV / AIDS, selected at the infectious disease hospital of the state of Rio Grande do Norte and in clinical follow-up at the Specialized Attention Services in HIV (SAE). The following conditions were adopted: Patients undergoing HAART of both sexes and age above 18 years, presenting a TCD4 lymphocyte count equal to or greater than 500 copies / mm³, undetectable viral load (≤ 50 copies / mm³), and physically trained for at least 6 months. The samples were collected in a single moment, with data on body composition: fat percentage (25.83 ± 7.21), BMI (23.87 ± 2.40), height (164.37 ± 9, 02), weight (64.71 ± 10.14). And cardiorespiratory capacity: VO2 ml / min / kg (30.60 ± 5.0), respectively. The means and standard deviations of residence times at each threshold (threshold 1, threshold 2 and peak effort) were analyzed, as well as the percentage variation of dwell times at each threshold. From the analyzed data, a longer residence time between the beginning of the test and the threshold 1 and a shorter dwell time after the threshold 2 and the peak of effort were observed. The data point to a reduced cardiorespiratory capacity with associated anaerobiosis. These results may be associated with mitochondrial injury, commonly found in people living with HIV / AIDS.

To go through the history and epistemology of Physical Education is to confront the presence of philosophy, science and art in the studies of the human movement. Thus, research in the area on this phenomenon develops in different ways and by different approaches. In this work, it is intentionally chosen to think about human movement in a complex way, in the dialogue between the knowledge, specifically between the biomechanics and the phenomenology of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, thus covering different aspects about the phenomenon. From what is intended for research, the following questions are asked: what is the human movement conception of biomechanics? What readings can we make of the human movement through the sciences of the living, notably biomechanics? How is it possible to think of human movement through photographic analysis? The aim of this study is to draw a relationship between philosophy, science and art as a perspective of expanding knowledge about the human movement in Physical Education, since this approach, in particular in the thought of Merleau-Ponty, articulates scientific, philosophical and aesthetic knowledge. For the investigation, Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological attitude is used as methodological reference, the conceptual migration of Edgar Morin and the photographs of Eadeaward Muybridge as strategies for the phenomenological reflection on the human movement. In this methodological movement, we propose the construction of three chapters discussing the concepts of body, perception, technique, aesthetics and body schema to think about human movement from the point of view of lived experience: a phenomenology of movement.

I invoke in this work thousands of sensations that draw latent paths of dialogues and discussions which construct sensitive horizons to think of Physical Education as a wide area, disseminating spaces of appropriation of knowledge that is ever closer to the lived reality, traditional knowledge, Gestures and their meanings that share a life full of history, able to engage with experiences based on the intertwining of the senses raised by the signifying signifiers, transcribe the body and the movement as a place of creation, language and communication. For this reason, I believe in Maracatu as a cultural manifestation capable of interlacing thousands of concepts pertinent to Physical Education, so I focus on relating symbols, aesthetics and culture as concepts imbricated and indispensable in the struggle for sensitive eyes, in order to Of surpassing the harnesses of a Physical Education focused on mechanicism. In this study, we take as reference the reality of the Maracatu Nation Lion Crowned. Intentional choice for being one of the oldest nations in Brazil, with 153 years of existence, encompassing in your life aspects sufficient for the reflection of the body and its sensations. In view of this, we ask: What are the cultural, symbolic and aesthetic meanings of the Maracatu Leão Coroado Nation that we can build? How do these senses contribute to expanding meaningful reflections in the Physical Education knowledge area? We have as main objective to reflect on the Maracatu Lion Crowned from the symbolic, cultural and aesthetic meanings; Besides expanding and presenting new scenarios for the area of Physical Education. Thus, this study used the Qualitative Research, supported by the adoption of the phenomenological attitude of Merleau-Ponty, as a philosophical current centered on the experiences of life shared with other experiences, taking into account, this, as the primary source of knowledge. We have identified, in the phenomenological reflections, a method for our investigation, considering that the understanding of Maracatu Coracao Leão Nation and its immersion in the universe of culture, symbols and aesthetics, through the various contexts, can amplify the phenomenological understanding and enhance the A thesis of the sensitive body, open to different understandings and experiences, tied to a certain world, shaped by existential significations, from the description, reduction and interpretation of phenomena, putting into action the contemplative spirit. Considering the above, in order to penetrate the universe of these reflections we use as a research technique the network of meanings, in order to allow us to approximate the meanings and meanings that emanate from the phenomenon in the set of sources from various types of record, such as : The bibliographic review; Collection of materials from nations with the use of GoPro camera (visual audio, interviews, comments, occurrences, etc); Observation of nations in presentations; Analysis of visual materials (documentary videos, testimonials), show the reality of Maracatu Leão Coroado and establish reflections on cultural, symbolic and aesthetic knowledge, dialoguing and interpreting, starting also from my lived world, from my experience as a dancer while dancing the maracatu And believing in partiality, in the unfinished task of research. In the present work under construction, we show the Maracatu Nation Lion Crowned as the fruit of the tree of life, believing that this nation is surrounded by elements that make it something lively, cyclical, that produces, recognizes, chants and disseminates meaningful meanings and meanings To broaden sensitive horizons in Physical Education.

Pre-exhaustion is defined as an advanced strength training method, in which two or more exercises are executed in quick succession with the goal of maximizing strength and hypertrophy gains in the targeted muscle. However, the available evidence regarding the chronic effects of this method is very limited. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of the inclusion of an isolated exhaustive exercise, performed immediately before a traditional high-intensity strength training routine, on strength and body composition of young men. We distributed thirty-five untrained subjects randomly in three groups: traditional (n=12), pre-exhaustion (n=12) and control (n=11). All subjects were assessed for maximum strength (1RM test) and body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry - DEXA) before and after a 9-week strength training program. We presented the statistical analysis through the mean, standard deviation and 95% confidence interval of the absolute values as well as the magnitude of change between assessments. Inferentially, we used (1) a one-way ANOVA (Tukey’s post-hoc test) to identify differences between magnitudes of change in each group; and (2) the Effect Size (ES) for independent samples. We found that pre-exhaustion is dispensable for untrained subjects aiming to reduce body fat percentage as well as gain strength in multi-joint exercises. However, this method proved effective in the reduction of total training volume, without any hindering of dynamic and maximum strength gains, as well as lower limb lean muscle mass, with the pre-exhaustion group even presenting a higher increase in maximum strength.

Girls begin pubertal maturity earlier than boys in the same age range, and sexual hormones contribute in structural and functional brain changes differently between the sexes, which may substantially affect cognitive capacity in this time period. Even though there are evidences that cardiorespiratory fitness is positively related to executive function capacity in childhood (i.e., prepubescent children), the sex-specific relation during pubertal maturity is limited. Therefore, the aim of our study was to verify if the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness, executive function and attention performance in schoolchildren aged 11‒16 is sex-especific. For this, 57 girls and 75 boys from a private school in the city of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, participated in our study. Each participant completed a progressive running test to determine peak oxygen consumption (VO_2peak), computerized cognitive tests and questionnaires for daytime sleepiness as well as other factors that might influence physical and cognitive performance. 73.7% of girls and 72% of boys presented healthy levels of cardiorespiratory fitness. After adjusting for covariates, we found that a higher VO_2peak was associated which better performance in cognitive flexibility in girls, which was assessed through categories completed (β = 0.174; 95% CI 0.035, 0.314; P = 0.015) and persistent errors (β = -0.710; 95% CI -1.265, -0.155; P = 0.013) in Berg’s card sorting test. However, in boys, a higher VO_2peak was associated with better performance in planning and problem solving, assessed through planning time in the tower of London test (β = -105.7; 95% CI -206.9, -4.5; P = 0.041). In conclusion, the findings in our transversal study suggest that the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function in school children aged 11‒16 years is specific to each sex. In a more specific manner, cardiorespiratory fitness is related to cognitive flexibility in girls, while it seems to be related to planning and problem solving in boys.

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that compromises, among other aspects, socialization and communication and, in many cases, promotes intellectual deficiency, which causes delayed individual development. Thus, we used the relational psychomotricity approach, which is an interesting tool to improve behavioral aspects, which demand more attention in the treatment of children with autism spectrum disorder. Objective: To analyze the effects of the symbolic game of relational psychomotricity in an aquatic environment on the social behavior of children with autism spectrum disorder. Methods: This is a mixed methods research, with a qualitative preponderance, being presented as a descriptive-evaluative case study. The sample is made of 6 (six) subjects aged between 5 (five) to 7 (seven) years old, both male and female, with autism spectrum disorder which are users of the health services of the Child-Juvenile Psychosocial Attention Center of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. Participants performed a 14 (fourteen) session program of relational psychomotricity 2 (two) times a week, 50 (fifty) minutes per session. We used two scales relating to the symptomatic behavioral situation: ATEC (Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist) and the ABC Scale (Atypical Behavior Scale), which we applied before and after the 14 (fourteen) sessions of relational psychomotricity. All interventions were filmed, photographed, analyzed and described, and medical monitoring and institutional clinical records of the health service were also utilized, as well as reports of the Physical Education teachers which participated in those sessions and semi-structured interviews with the parents. Results: After verifying the ABC scale of the participants before and after the intervention, significant differences in irritability (t₍₅₎=3,266; p=0,022), behavior (t₍₅₎=2,744; p=0,041) and inappropriate speech (t₍₅₎=2,939; p=0,032) were found, that is, presented statistically significant improvements in these sub-scales. No significant differences were found in any questions of the sub-scales of the ATEC scale. During interviews with the parents, improvements in social relations at home and in other social environments were mentioned. The reports, images and videos portrayed a good interaction between peers, as also objects and teachers during the sessions. Regarding autonomy in daily life activities (DLAs), one child showed improvements such as being able to put on shoes and use the bathroom. Conclusion: Our study showed that relational psychomotricity in an aquatic environment improved the social behavior of children with ASD. The correlation between the different methods of data gathering made it possible to assess benefits in the adaptation to the aquatic environment as well as improvements in the DLAs in one of the participants.

INTRODUCTION: In the overweight population, most of the studies have used training protocols in controlled laboratory environments, with a focus on attending small groups in person, with little applicability to population groups. In this way, this study aims to disseminate training strategies carried out in open air environments that allow greater reach of people, using protocols and instruments that are accessible, effective and safe, and that match the reality of the population. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of continuous moderate intensity training, high intensity interval training and self-selected intensity training on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and adherence in overweight subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-three adults (45 women and 28 males, 31.4 ± 7.2 years, 28.9 ± 2.7 kg / m 2) were randomized into three groups: continuous training of moderate intensity (TCMI; n = 24); high intensity interval training (TIAI; n = 23) and self-selected intensity training (TIA; n = 26). At the ICMT, participants were instructed to exercise at the subjective perception of effort (PSE) 13 (6-20 of the Borg scale) for 30 minutes. At HIIT, the subjects were instructed to perform 10 stimuli of 60 seconds in PSE of 15-17, interspersed with 60 seconds of active recovery. In the TIA, the participant was allowed to select the intensity for 30 minutes. The training program was conducted three times a week for four weeks in a supervised manner. The intervention was performed in a total period of 13 weeks, with 1 week of specific adaptation to the types of training (Adaptation period) and 12 weeks of training (training period). The training period had a weekly frequency of three days (Monday, Wednesday and Friday) and was divided into two phases, one supervised and one semi-supervised. Body composition was assessed by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) technique and cardiorespiratory fitness was evaluated by ergospirometry. Adherence was calculated by the ratio between the subjects who completed the program by the total number of subjects who started the training program. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Descriptive data were expressed as mean and standard deviation. The generalized estimation equations (GEE) were used to verify the interaction between group x time, and group effect and time for the outcome variables. The Bonferroni post hoc was applied to identify the significant differences. Fisher exact test was used for adherence. The level of significance was set at p <0.05. RESULTS: There was no significant interaction between group x time and group effect for the components of body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness (p> 0.05). Time effects on BMI, MGG, MGT, MLG, GA, GG and GT (p <0.05) were observed, with only TIAI and TIA reducing these components. Regarding cardiorespiratory fitness, a similar increase was observed in VO2peak and VO2 in ventilatory thresholds between groups (p <0.05). There were no differences in adherence between groups (p> 0.05). CONCLUSION: Regardless of intensity, the intervention was sufficient to improve cardiorespiratory fitness. Moderate intensity exercise did not promote body composition benefits in overweight / obese adults. The three training strategies seem to be important in maintaining adherence in a 12-week exercise program.

INTRODUCTION: Child and adolescent obesity has been growing and worrying in developing countries, being considered a public health problem. And it is known in the literature that the higher prevalence of physical inactivity and physical activity and the lower prevalence of moderate physical activity and vigorous physical activity are risk factors for the development of obesity in this age group. Considering that children are a vulnerable group and the impact of poor eating habits and physical activity on nutritional status, the objective of this study is to analyze the nutritional profile, food consumption and physical activity of schoolchildren at the fundamental level of Santa's municipal school network Cruz / RN, in the period three years. METHODS: Observational study of epidemiological character, with students enrolled in the municipal teaching network of the city of Santa Cruz / RN. The students performed an anthropometric evaluation to determine their nutritional status (BMI / age), and food consumption and physical activity were evaluated through self-applied questionnaires referring to the previous day and previously validated for the population. Food consumption was classified according to the processing of the food grouping them in: in natura and minimally processed, processed or ultraprocessed. The practice of physical activity was quantified by metabolic task equivalents (METs) and categorized as sedentary, mild physical activity, moderate physical activity or vigorous physical activity. RESULTS: A total of 1,571 schoolchildren from the urban area of the city of Santa Cruz / RN, distributed in eight schools, were evaluated in 2015 and 2017. Regardless of the nutritional status, the students presented high prevalence of physical inactivity and low physical activity. Overweight was diagnosed in 26.9% and 31.5% in the respective years, and overweight children had the lowest prevalence of physical inactivity and low physical activity  compared to eutrophic or low-weight, higher consumption of processed foods at lunch and consumption of ultraprocessed foods at all meals of the day. CONCLUSION: There was a reduction in the consumption of fresh and processed foods, high consumption of processed foods at lunch and ultraprocessed foods, high frequency of sedentary lifestyle and low moderate and vigorous physical activity on the evaluated days.

The development of cognitive skills and health promotion are important variables in the growth and biological development, therefore, neurodevelopment has been placed as an important factor to improve performance in sports of children and adolescents. This study aimed to verify the influence of sports practice in youth cognitive markers 10 to 13 years of different maturational stages. Have been evaluated 216 subjects of both sexes, aged 10 to 13 years. For methodology used if the bone age prediction protocols (CABRAL, 2011) to assess the maturity and Stroop Test following the protocol of Córdova et al. (2008) for evaluation of inhibitory control. The statistical tests used were the multivariable analysis (ANOVA) followed by post hoc Tukey, beyond tests the Student t for independent samples. In our results we found significance in reaction time and errors steps of the Stroop Test practitioners and non-sports practitioners. Reaction time and errors between the different maturational stages of children and teenagers practicing sports. Reaction time and errors between the different maturational stages of children and adolescents not sporting activity practitioners. We observed that individuals practicing sports activity when comparing the maturational stages, late results were ranked lower than the other stages. Individuals who do not practice sports showed similar behavior to practitioners, however accelerated also had lower results. When comparing the groups of practitioners and non-practitioners subjects who do not practice sports showed lower values in relation to sports activities practitioners. Thus, we can conclude that children and adolescents who practice physical activity have better results for the analyzed cognitive variables and greater inhibitory control than those who do not practice sports.

Keywords: Inhibitory Control; Maturation; Cognitive Capabilities; Sport.

Objective: To analyze the psychophysiological stress resulting from successive soccer matches and the influence of field time on the internal load response (subjective perception of session effort [session RPE], salivary cortisol and stress tolerance) in young players. Methodology: A total of 20 soccer athletes (16.8 ± 0.5 years, 172.9 ± 7.7cm, 65.0 ± 7.9kg, 8.3 ± 1.8% body fat, 53.1 ± 2.0ml.kg.min-1) Successive matches (J1 and J2), with a 24-hour interval. In order to determine the competitive internal load, salivary cortisol and the session RPE were used. The Daily Analysis of Life Demands in Athletes (DALDA) questionnaire was used to determine stress tolerance (TE), while time in field (TIF) was used to determine the external load. A total of 14 athletes who completed at least 15 minutes of play were retained for analysis. ANOVA of repeated measures compared the values of salivary cortisol in the different measures; the paired t-test was used to compare session RPE, TIF, CR-10 score, and salivary cortisol variation delta between matches. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare TE between matches. In a second moment, the group of players was divided according to the median of the time in field (greater time in field [GTF], n = 8, shorter time in field [STF], n = 6). Mixed ANOVA of repeated measures, compared the effect of the condition (greater or lesser time in the field), the effect of time and interaction for the variable salivary cortisol in the different groups. T-test for independent samples was used to compare the CR-10, Session RPE, TIF and the delta variables of salivary cortisol between the different groups, and the Mann-Whitney test for ET. Results: Salivary cortisol concentrations varied between the analyzed moments (p < 0.01). No differences were found between the delta variation of salivary cortisol (p = 0.36), session RPE (p = 0.23), RPE score (p = 0.50) and TE (p = 0.64) between matches. The cortisol value according to the division of the groups had an effect on time in the group with the longest field time in J1 (GTF: p = 0.009 and STF: p = 0.216) and in both groups in J2 (GTF: p < 0.001, and STF: p = 0.02), without interaction effect (p > 0.05). For the other variables, CR-10 score (p = 0.04) and session PSE (p <0.01) were different between groups in the first match. In the second match the session RPE (p < 0.01) was different, whereas the variable RPE score was not different (p = 0.06). In both games the delta was not different between the groups (p = 0.31 and p = 0.23), differently for the stress symptoms that differed in both games (p = 0.04 and p = 0.02). Conclusion: Successful games performed in a short period of time increase salivary cortisol concentrations; however, this increase does not seem to be due to the time in field in young athletes. In addition, the other variables of internal load did not suffer cumulative effects of successive matches.

The goal of this research is to reflect about the care of the self elements in Aikido‟s philosophy, in sense to identify contributions to the Physical Education. It‟s a qualitative research with hermeneutic approach (RICOEUR, 1999) which looks over the following works: Morihei Ueshiba (2002; 2006; 2010), Kisshomaru Ueshiba (2005; 2011), Moriteru Ueshiba (2008) e Foucault (2010; 2012; 2013). From the hermeneutic study of Aikido related works, on the first chapter, we present a brief historical context of the founder, Morihei Ueshiba, describing some essential experiences to his creation and, in depth, we evidence some of the philosophical precepts that rules this practice and their meanings, such as ki, kotodama, misogi, and budo. For the second chapter, we evidence, from the analysis of Michel Foucault‟s works, the meanings present on the knowledge and practices of the care of the self. On the third chapter, are weaved reflections about the care of the self elements on Aikido and, with that approach, think about the spirituality practices on the Physical Education context. For last, we perceive the hermeneutic study as a possibility to identificy the care of the self elements on Aikido that favored us to reflect about a path, a determinate lifestyle from the aesthetics of existence, that brings constributions to Physical Education in way of considerer it an art of good living.

The practice of physical activities by people with disabilities is increasingly observed, whether they are the most diverse corporal practices or adapted sports in the quest to improve the quality of life and adherence to an active lifestyle. The increase in the number of people with disabilities who seek these practices to stimulate their potential and possibilities for their physical, psychological and social well-being has been increasing in recent years. Among individuals with physical disabilities, undesirable biochemical and metabolic changes are established with physical inactivity, resulting in reduction of muscle mass and excessive accumulation of body fat, and consequent decrease in strength. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship of body composition to the palmar grip strength of people with physical disabilities practicing functional training. Eight subjects with physical disabilities of both sexes, aged between 16 and 59 years old, were evaluated, practicing functional training. All were submitted to 12 weeks of intervention through the functional training methodology. The medians for total mass, lean mass, fat mass,% G and force of right and left upper limbs were defined before and after intervention, and these measures were performed in the DEXA and for the evaluation of upper limb strength, the manual grip dynamometer. Descriptive statistics were used with values of central tendency and their derivatives and inferential with significance level of p <0.05 for the hypothesis test, opting for the non-parametric strategy. There were no significant differences between the pre and post intervention findings regarding body composition components and strength of both limbs, as well as the relationship between body composition and strength, however, in the individual evaluation, we can observe significant differences. The results show that palmar grip strength levels do not depend solely on lean mass, but also% G, in which the correlation between lean mass and fat percentage may indicate a better or worse condition to perform the isometric manual grip effort.

Purpose: To verify the capacity of the different equations proposed by the manufacturer of a bioimpedance in predicting body composition, when compared to the result of DEXA. METHODS: Thirty-nine men, athletes of the university soccer team, were submitted to body composition evaluation through bioimpedance and DEXA methods. The results obtained were compared between the gold standard, DEXA, and four equations validated and proposed by the bioimpedance manufacturer. Results: The proposed equations did not show significant agreement with the DEXA result. Conclusion: There is a need to develop new equations with the respective group, in order to obtain a more reliable evaluation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the acute effects of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on cytokine levels, include interferon-y (INF-y), interleukin 4 and 6 (IL-4) (IL-6) levels and INF-y/IL-4 ratio in obese males. Methods: Ten obese males were submitted into two experimental sessions with a week interval in a randomized order: 1) HIIE: 10 x 60 s at 90% of HR_máx interspersed by active recovery; 2) MICE: 20 min at 70% of HR_max;. Cytokines was analyzed before, post and 60 min post-exercise. Results: The HIIE results in decrease of INF-Y levels at immediately post-exercise (P=0,032) and 60 min post-exercise (P=0,003) at the same time elevated the IL-4 levels at post-exercise (P=0,007). The MICE results in increase of INF-Y at post-exercise (P=0,025) and 60 min post-exercise (P=0,004). Both exercise conditions results in increase of IL-6 levels at post-exercise (P<0.05). Conclusion: a single session of HIIE suppressed the immune cell response, increasing the “open window” for infections to 60 min post exercise. For other hand, a single session of MICE increased the immune cell response to 60 min post exercise in obese males. 

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effect of competitive games on a congested calendar on mucosal immunity in young soccer players. For the development of this research, an observational, descriptive, transversal study was conducted in a quantitative approach. Twelve young male soccer players from the same team (age: 16.6 ± 0.51 years, height: 175 ± 8cm, body mass: 65 ± 7.9kg), from the sub category 17, that played five competitive games (J1, J2, J3, J4 and J5) with about 24-hour breaks between games. For quantification of S-IgA, it was expressed as absolute concentration of IgA (S-IgAabs), rate of IgA secretion (S-IgAtaxa) and salivary flow (FS), as proposed by Fahlman and Engels (2005) and Koch et al. Al. (2007). For the competitive internal load, it was determined by the PSE of the session. The playing time of each participating athlete during the five games was recorded to determine the competitive internal load by the session PSE. The results are presented as mean and standard deviation. Normality of the dependent variables was verified acording the Shapiro Wilk test (p> 0.05). Student's test was used to analyze salivary IgA and salivary flow rate in the first and fifth games of the competition ANOVA compared the session's score and an internal load over the games, Bonferroni's post hoc was used to identify the differences between how measures. Cohen 's "d" was used to estimate the magnitudes of the differences (effect size - TE) among all as comparisons. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between the monotony index and the competitive effort with the absolute SIgA. The PSE values of the session were different throughout the games F (4.44) = 6.302, p <0.001, η²: 0.36. As observed in our games 1, 2 and 3 compared to game 5 (p <0.05), as well as values of internal load, also deferred along the competition F (4.44) = 5.175, p = 0 , Δ: 0.32. The absolute salivary IgA concentrations and compartment decreased after a competition when compared to the competition time (absolute IgA t (11) = 0.05) was observed in our games 2, 4 and 5 compared to 3 (p <0.05). In contrast, salivary flow flow preload pre-sets for post-t (11) = 0.1010, p = 0.921, p = 0.01, and relative IgA (t (11) = 2.744, p = 0.04). ). An association between the values of the salivary IgA variation delta and a competitive load was found to have a high and significant correlation with one (r = 0.68: p <0.05). In addition, a high positive and significant correlation was found between the competitive effort and the absolute IgA variation delta (r = 0.67: p <0.05). The data demonstrate that competitions with competitive games in a congested calendar had impact on the immune system and perceptual responses of perceived        exertion.

The use of the bicycle as a means of transport is considered a sustainable and healthy behavior. However, little is known about the characteristic of physical effort employed by individuals during their usual paths. Therefore, this study sought to characterize the physical effort performed by individuals who use the bicycle as a means of transportation in urban environments during their usual routes. In addition, it was analyzed whether the physical effort employed during these routes would be sufficient to reach the recommendations of physical activity for health promotion. Twenty adults (22-42 years old) who use the bicycle as a means of transport (≥ 3 days / week) were monitored for seven days in their usual routes using a Global Positioning System (GPS) with heart rate monitor (FC). We analyzed: (i) distance traveled; (ii) duration and slope of the course; (iii) speed of travel; and (iv) time spent on light exertion intensity (<64% HRmax), moderate (64-76% HRmax) and vigorous (> 76% of HRmax). The data are described in average and 25th and 75th percentiles. The individuals covered a distance of 3.8 km (2.6-5.9 km) per course in 13.1 min (10.6 - 20.9 min) with Average elevation of 30.1 m (16.2 - 70.9 m) at an average speed of 16.9 km / h (14 - 17.8 km / h). The time spent on mild exertion was 19.9% (12.6 - 29.3%), moderated 46.1% (40.9 - 54.4%) and vigorous 29.9% (12.5 - 44, 9%). Considering the total volume of routes performed during the week, 50% of the sample (n = 10) reached the recommendations of physical activity for health promotion (at least 150 min of moderate-vigorous physical activity) only using the bicycle as a means of transportation. We conclude that the physical effort performed by individuals who use the bicycle as a means of transportation in urban areas is predominantly moderate-vigorous. Therefore, besides being a sustainable option, the use of the bicycle as a means of transportation seems to be an interesting alternative to reach the recommendations of physical activity for health promotion.

Introduction: The aging process is inevitable but varies from individual to individual the effects caused by it, it is known that active aging slows down the degenerative effects caused by the advancement of age, so depending on the level and type of activity practiced over Of time there are changes in motor and cognitive performances compared to the elderly who do not have an active and healthy lifestyle. In search of knowing more about which type of activity it improves even more these performances in active elderly, it proposed three different sessions and one moment control for analysis. Objective: To analyze the acute effects of different sessions on functional capacity in active elderly women. Methods: A randomized controlled trial with a crossover design, where each subject will undergo three sessions and one control moment, the first session will be with dual task exercise with stimulation based on motor learning (new movements) in the aquatic environment, the second with automated exercise (Standardized movement) in the aquatic environment, and the third session with only cognitive (Audiovisual) stimulation in the laboratory, to analyze the effect on gait performance and executive function, through the Test to get up and walk in different situations in the platform Walking and neuropsychological tests for executive function. Results: The data were normal and verified by the Shapiro-Wilk test. The data were expressed in median and 25th and 75th percentiles. Friedman test was applied to compare the absolute change values (Δ = post - pre) of each dependent variable between the exercise sessions. Wilcoxon test was used in the intra-condition comparison of each dependent variable. The size of the effect was calculated by the following formula: [z / √ n]. The level of statistical significance was set at p <0.05. Statistical procedures were performed using SPSS for Win / v.22.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA). There was no significant difference between the sessions regarding gait performance and executive function, but an improvement after the interventions was observed. Conclusion: The results of the study demonstrated that the dual-task protocol presented a potential positive effect on the improvement of motor-cognitive performance and cognitive functions in active elderly, related to the aspect of mobility and cognitive aspect. Thus, it is suggested to encourage the addition of exercises with other dual task tasks in clinical practice and regular physical activity practices as a way to improve functional performance and prevent possible accidents in active elderly.

Objective: To analyze the effects of a physical activity (PA) counseling program on ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and health-related outcomes in middle-aged individuals with hypertension.

Methods: Twenty-two middle-aged individuals with hypertension (♂ = 6, ♀ = 18) were randomly allocated into two groups: i) PA counseling program (n = 11, 49.6 ± 8.1 years, office BP 130.5 ± 14.3 / 78.6 ± 8.8 mmHg, body mass index [BMI] 33.0 ± 5.3 kg/m²) or ii) control group (n = 11, 47.9 ± 6.7 years, office BP 130.8 ± 13.9 / 85.4 ± 10.0 mmHg, BMI 31.3 ± 5.1 kg/m²). The PA counseling group had six 60-minute bi-weekly meetings where they were counseled to increase the PA levels following weekly progressive goals. This intervention was based on the five “As” model (i.e., assess, advise, agree, assist, and arrange). The control group received general information about the PA practice during a single 15-minute meeting. Before and after 12 weeks, PA level (pedometer for seven days), ambulatory BP (24 h ambulatory BP monitoring), office BP, body composition (DEXA), anthropometric measures, cardiometabolic risk factors (fasting glucose, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides), markers of renal function (creatinine and urea), and markers of hepatic function (TGO, TGP, and GAMA GT). The intention-to-treat analysis was adopted and the mixed ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post-test was used to compare the outcomes between the groups . The results are expressed as mean and 95% confidence interval. A p-value <0,05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: The PA counseling group increased the PA level (643.8 steps/day [13.3,1274.2] vs. -172.3 steps/day [-802.8,458.1]; p < 0.05), decreased office systolic BP (-7.3 mmHg [-14.2,-0.4] vs. -2.2 mmHg [-9.1,4.7]; p < 0.05), and increased HDL-cholesterol (10.5 mg/dL [3.7,17.3] vs. 5.4 mg/dL [-1.4,12.2]; p < 0.01). The control group increased waist circumference (1.8 cm [0.1,3.4] vs. -1.3 cm [-2.9,3.0]; p < 0.02), and decreased triglycerides levels (-37.2 mg/dL [-62.9,-11.5] vs. 17.1 mg/dL [-8.6,42.8]; p < 0.01). There were no changes in ambulatory BP, body composition, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, markers of renal and hepatic function in both groups after 12 weeks (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: The PA counseling program increased the PA level of middle-aged individuals with hypertension; however, the intervention was not effective to decrease ambulatory BP and improve body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors in these individuals.

The Municipal Education Department of Natal has been offering continuing education to all professionals in the teaching profession of the Network, including Physical Education teachers. The object of this research is the continuing education program offered to Physical Education teachers of Natal Municipal Network. The research was based on the following study question: how has the SME / Natal Physical Education teachers' continuing education program been configured?We base the study on the following guiding questions: a) What is the historical trajectory of the SME / Natal continuing education program offered to Physical Education teachers? b) How is pedagogical planning characterized from this trajectory? c) What is the conception of the teachers of the Natal Municipal Network regarding the continuing education offered by SME / Natal? Regarding the methodological procedures, the descriptive research was chosen through the qualitative approach.The research participants were all 137 teachers who attended the continuing education offered by the municipality of Natal in the period between 2014-2016 and pedagogical advisors crowded at SME / Natal. The techniques used to collect data were participant observation and the logbook produced by the team of trainers, the institutional documents of the SME / Natal, the Training Proposal and advice of the municipality of Natal, reports and annual evaluative sheets of the teachers. The interfaces of the investigated context showed that the way in which the Continuing Education Program offered to Physical Education teachers was planned and executed, it moves towards a perspective of innovative conception of continuing education, in the light of the characteristics pointed out by contemporary theoretical references - reflection, re-signification of teaching practice, teaching autonomy, approach to the real needs of teachers, teacher as protagonist of their training, appreciation of teaching knowledge and dialogue.The relevance of the continuity of the partnership with the Institutions of Higher Education is highlighted; of investments in continuing education; the continuity and the deepening of this research, that can glimpse the accompaniment of teachers in their school practices.

Este estudo objetivou dialogar a teoria queer e o pensamento do filósofo francês Maurice Merleau-Ponty no que concerne às categorias de corpo e sexualidade. A partir desse diálogo, delinearam-se outros objetivos, a saber:  identificar possíveis recorrências da experiência dos corpos e sexualidades queer, pensados sob uma perspectiva merleaupontyana, para o conhecimento da Educação Física e refletir sobre esse campo do conhecimento a partir das noções de epistemologia queer e da estesiologia. O estudo teve como moldura teórica a atitude fenomenológica proposta por Merleau-Ponty e a redução enquanto técnica de pesquisa. Na tentativa de entrelaçar e estabelecer relações entre esses pensamentos acionamos o cinema do espanhol Pedro Almodóvar como estratégia perceptiva, um exercício do olhar enquanto possibilidade de leitura do mundo e novas maneiras de perceber o ser humano. Apreciamos três películas do cineasta, a saber: Tudo sobre minha mãe (1999), A pele que habito (2011) e Má educação (2004), que nos colocam em contato com corpos e sexualidades queer, bem como com o corpo estesiológico, do êxtase, das sensações e experiências vividas, obra de arte inacabada cujos contornos não são fixos ou definidos, postulados por Merleau-Ponty. O filósofo, ao fornecer um panorama conceitual rico do corpo e de sua experiência sexual, amplia e inaugura horizontes de pensamento e reflexão para a experiência queer, uma experiência indeterminada e contingente enquanto forma singular de habitar o mundo. Tais horizontes inaugurados pelo filósofo e somados à perspectiva queer contribuem para problematizar os modos de produção do conhecimento e os saberes sobre corpo e sexualidade na Educação Física. Por fim, apontamos que essa conversação teórica nos ofereceu pistas para refletir sobre as reverberações de uma epistemologia queer para a Educação Física a partir de um conhecimento pautado na estesia e no sensível enquanto marcos de uma outra racionalidade científica.

Tempo de reação é uma das capacidades cognitivas que o atleta necessita na sua prática do esporte, uma vez que o preparo físico e técnico estará também associado a o quanto antes ele consegue tomar a decisão ao receber o estímulo. No entanto, o processo de formação de esportistas em demasiado busca estimular as capacidades condicionais e técnicas sem associação com a tomada de decisão. Além disso, o desenvolvimento biológico em vários estudos vem apresentando vantagens aos mais avançados naquele momento em relação aos atrasados. Poucas investigações fazem a relação da capacidade cognitiva com o crescimento e a maturação e com as capacidades condicionais. Objetivo: Analisar a influência da maturação e idade óssea no tempo de reação. Metodologia: Estudo caracterizado como descritivo e tipologia transversal. Realizado em dois clubes de iniciação esportiva da cidade de Natal/RN. A amostra foi composta por 104 indivíduos, sendo 71 meninos e 33 meninas. As etapas da pesquisa foram as seguintes: Assinatura do termo de consentimento do clube para realização da pesquisa; assinatura do termo de consentimento dos responsáveis dos alunos para realização da pesquisa; explicação aos jovens esportistas sobre os objetivos e procedimentos da pesquisa; aferição de dobra e perimetria; realização do teste de stroop – testinpacs; realização do teste de velocidade de membros inferiores, com o teste de 20 metros, em seguida o teste de golpeio de placas para verificar a velocidade de membros superiores dos indivíduos e finalizando com o teste “T” para analise da agilidade. Para analise estatística, utilizou o programa SPSS, versão 20.0 para correlação, utilizando o teste de Pearson, adotou como significância p<0,01 e p<0,05. Após a correlação foi realizada uma regressão linear individual para verificar o comportamento da variável dependente em relação às outras. Resultados: No teste de correlação de Pearson, com o p<0,01 apresentou correlações entre o tempo de reação e a idade óssea (-,354) e com a maturação (-,312), na correlação com p<0,05 houve correlação com a idade cronológica (-,212). O tempo de reação não apresentou correlações com as capacidades condicionais. A idade com p<0,05 apresentou correlação com a velocidade de membros inferiores (-,242) e a maturação correlacionou-se com a agilidade com p<0,05 com o resultado, (,243). Na regressão linear individual, o tempo de reação como variável dependente e o p<0,01, teve a maior significância com a idade óssea (,000) e com a maturação apresentando o valor (,001), com o p<0,05 apresentou relação com a idade cronológica com resultado (,031). Conclusão: Nessa amostra, foi identificado que os indivíduos com estágios maturacionais mais acelerados e com maior idade óssea, apresentaram um menor tempo de reação. 

A educação ambiental começou a ser discutida a partir da intensificação da ação humana, proveniente da revolução industrial. No Brasil a proposta ganhou destaque com a Política Nacional de Meio Ambiente, a qual sugeriu que a educação ambiental fosse desenvolvida em todos os níveis de ensino e, mais tarde, de acordo com os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, de forma perpassada pelos conteúdos oferecidos por todos os componentes curriculares. Diante desse desafio, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo averiguar as formações ofertadas nos cursos de licenciatura em educação física do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, verificando qual o perfil do profissional que está sendo formado. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas com os coordenadores de 6 instituições que oferecem o curso de licenciatura em educação física universidades identificadas no Estado (UFRN, UNI-RN, UNIFACEX, FANEC e UERN – Campus Mossoró e Pau dos Ferros), foi aplicado um questionário com 30% dos alunos formandos no segundo semestre de 2015 e observou-se o projeto pedagógico e as ementas das disciplinas das instituições que disponibilizaram esses documentos. Os resultados apontaram, para o reconhecimento, por parte de alunos e coordenadores, da importância da temática ambiental para a área da educação física. Entretanto, os discursos entre coordenadores e alunos se contradizem em todas as universidades. Para os coordenadores, por ser uma exigência do Ministério da Educação, a educação ambiental está presente em algumas disciplinas do currículo de forma efetiva. Entretanto, na prática, os formandos, em sua maioria, mostram desconhecer o trabalho de educação ambiental presentes em seus cursos, afirmam não terem uma formação que atenda a tais aspectos e, ao serem solicitados para que exemplifiquem como seria sua atuação perante à discussão ambiental, muitos deles exibem uma formação fragilizada para o desenvolvimento do tema em seus futuros ambientes de trabalho, demonstrando atividades acríticas. Apesar da obrigatoriedade no contexto educacional já existir há décadas e a importância do tema se revelar nos discursos dos profissionais, a educação ambiental ainda aparece de forma tímida nos currículos e na vivência das formações em educação física, mostrando a necessidade de reestruturação curricular e de novas compreensões para o tema, fazendo com que ele esteja mais presente no dia a dia dos futuros professores que deverão abordá-lo em suas aulas.

Educação ambiental; Formação de professores; educação física; universidade.

 Esportes com calendários congestionados como o futebol precisam ser monitorados para garantir que estratégias de recuperação como o crioterapia por imersão (CWI) sejam implementadas para melhorar o desempenho e minimizar o risco de lesões em esportistas. Esta técnica é muito aceita por profissionais da saúde e atletas, porém os estudos ainda são controversos em relação aos benefícios fisiológicos Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito acumulativo de CWI no processo de recuperação muscular de atletas de futebol. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um ensaio clínico randomizado. Foram incluídos 23 atletas aleatoriamente divididos em dois grupos: controle (10 minutos sentados) e experimental (CWI 10°C ±10 minutos). Ao todo, foram realizadas 7 sessões imediatamente após o treino. Foram avaliados, Creatina Quinase (CK), Lactato Desidrogenase (LDH), Atividade Eletromiográfica (pico do reto anterior, vasto lateral, bíceps femoral), Força Isométrica de flexores e extensores de joelho, Potência do Salto, Percepção Subjetiva de Esforço (PSE) e Percepção de Recuperação (PR). As avaliações funcionais ocorreram no primeiro dia (pré e pós treino) e repetidas no último dia. Além destes momentos, CK e LDH foram mensuradas com 24 horas após o esforço. PSE e SR foram coletadas todos os dias. A análise estatística utilizada foi a Anova Mista, com Post-Hoc de Bonferroni, considerando o nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Observou-se interação significativa nos níveis de CK (p=0,02), tempo (p=0,005) e para grupos nos dias 9 e 10 (p= 0,01). Para LDH houve diferença intragrupos (p=0,03) e intergrupos no dia 10 (p=0,03). Não obtiveram diferenças para as análises de desempenho neuromuscular nem para a PSE. Para a SR houveram diferenças intragrupos (p=0,001) e intergrupos (P=0,033) para o quinto e sexto dia. Conclusão: O uso acumulativo da crioterapia por imersão atenua o dano muscular, não inibe o processo de adaptação para melhora do desempenho e promove sensação de recuperação.

Nesta pesquisa, convidamos à reflexão por um olhar fenomenológico sobre o corpo através da descrição do ritual do Xirê vividos no Ilê Axé Dajô Obá Ogodô que se constitui como uma casa de matriz africana onde se cultua a religiosidade do candomblé Ketu. Este ritual foi escolhido por revelar elementos potentes para interrogar o entendimento do corpo e do ser sensível. Assim, lançamos como questões nesta dissertação:  que corpo se expressa nos rituais dos Xirês dos Orixás? E como podemos visualizar uma compreensão do corpo e do sensível nos rituais vividos nesta casa? A partir disso, as dimensões estéticas e simbólicas do espaço e do tempo sagrado do ritual do xirê, em especial os cenários de Exu, Obaluaiê, Iemanjá e Oiá nos deram a ver, a sentir e pensar outra lógica para o corpo no universo da Educação Física. As reflexões tecidas no estudo se engendraram a partir de uma análise fenomenológica que se afina com as atitudes do filósofo Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Assim, incorporamos a descrição da experiência vivida registrada como percebido, a redução e a interpretação do fenômeno. Para tanto, fizemos um exercício epistêmico de natureza qualitativa que usou como instrumento de coleta de dados, os registros imagéticos desse ritual, entrevistas com alguns adeptos da cultura do candomblé e os registros em diários de campo das sensações vividas no universo pesquisado que foram alcançadas e interpretadas numa trajetória de muitos encontros com as atividades do terreiro. Diante disso, és aqui mais um estudo que abre possibilidades para ultrapassar os limites da ciência, dando a ver as possibilidades de ser paradoxal, de ser cambiante, de ser sujeito e objeto, de ser sagrado e profano, de carregar imagens e símbolos, de ser mítico, de se ser atravessado por forças ancestrais, da tradição, querecupera o ser que somos por desfrutar de um espaço-tempo outro,valorizando os sentidos e saberes do corpo, correspondendo ao poder de ser transmutante, fenômeno estético, performático. Tem a capacidade de ler a si mesmo e se inventar, ao invés de aceitar modelos pré-estabelecidos. São corpos que encenam outra lógica de ser e está no mundo e assim inspira outros sentidos que desafiam a Educação Física a pensar, sentir e agir através desse corpo que subverte. Acreditamos, que esse saber tratado aqui é surpreendente, talvez extravagante e esquisito, mas confere uma força que pode ser contagiante.São reflexões que nos levam ao espanto, ao que é fora do cotidiano, aos quais muitos desafios ainda se impõem, entre eles a compreensão do corpo e do ser sensível. 

Introdução: A Respiração abdominal lenta (RAL) é uma estratégia não-invasiva para modular a atividade biológica, a qual demonstrou efeitos psicológicos e emocionais positivos. Estudos utilizando a RAL encontraram melhoras na ansiedade, stress, estados de humor, auto-confiança, auto-eficácia, e controle de desejo de alimentos. No entanto, nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito da RAL nas respostas psicofisiológicas durante o exercício e o prazer/desprazer. Sendo essas respostas importantes, uma vez que o prazer que as pessoas se sentem durante o exercício influencia as suas decisões sobre a aderência. Objetivo: Verificar o efeito agudo da RAL sobre as respostas psicofisiológicas durante exercício aeróbio. Métodos: Dezessete homens (27,4 ± 8,4 anos, 76,2 ± 10,7 kg, 1,75 ± 0,09 m) foram submetidos a um teste de esforço progressivo, e duas sessões de carga constante em exercício aeróbio de 20 min, com e sem a RAL, realizada de maneira randomizada e cruzada. Antes de cada sessão, a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC), ansiedade-estado (AN), e os estados de humor (HUM) foram medidos. Durante o exercício, a frequência cardíaca (FC), o desvio-padrão da FC (SD1), as respostas afetivas (AF) e percepção subjetiva de esforço (RPE) foram registrados a cada cinco minutos. Após o exercício, VFC, AN, e HUM foram novamente medidos. Resultados: A ANOVA de duas vias com medidas repetidas mostrou que não houve efeito da RAL no AF (p>0,05) e PSE (p>0,05), FC (p>0,05) e SD1 durante o exercício (p>0,05). Similarmente, não houve efeito na VFC (p>0,05), AN (p>0,05) e no HUM (p>0,05). Conclusão: A Respiração abdominal lenta não melhora respostas psicofisiológicas durante o exercício aeróbico. Além disso, ele não melhora a ansiedade-estado e humor em repouso ou após o exercício, em indivíduos fisicamente ativos e saudáveis.

A presente dissertação, parte do olhar curioso sobre a materialização do esporte de aventura, nosso objeto de estudo, vislumbrado-o enquanto conteúdo de ensino da Educação Física Escolar - EFE, mediado metodologicamente pela mídia-educação. Essa problemática tem início a partir da inquietação da autora enquanto praticante de modalidades esportivas de aventura, não vê-las presentes no cotidiano escolar durante sua graduação em Educação Física. A culminância se dá com a escrita de seu TCC (Sousa, 2013), trazendo uma prática pedagógica que materializou o esporte de aventura na escola. E, a partir de proposições dos estudantes que participaram desta pesquisa-ação, vistas como novas problemáticas, reformulou-se esta pesquisa, que tem como objetivo geral compreender como o esporte de aventura pode se materializar no âmbito da EFE a partir da mídia-educação como metodologia de ensino. Diante deste objetivo geral, se delimitam nossos objetivos específicos, que serão trazidos ponto a ponto a seguir. Para tanto, seguimos utilizamos a metodologia da pesquisa-ação, com os pressupostos de Michel Thiollent (2004) para balizar nossa intervenção pedagógica realizada no Campus Parnamirim do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia – IFRN, a fim de concretizar nosso primeiro objetivo específico, no qual problematizamos os limites e possibilidades do conteúdo esporte de aventura -  no contexto da EFE - balizada pelos momentos pedagógicos de mídia-educação. Durante a realização desta intervenção, coletamos dados que foram analisados respondendo aos nossos outros dois objetivos específicos, a saber, analisamos como os estudantes se apropriam do conhecimento de uma modalidade dos esportes de aventura, enquanto manifestação da cultura de movimento, a partir da análise de discursos dos alunos sobre a vivência final e das apresentações dos seminários ao final da unidade didática. Essa análise se baseou no referencial teórico de Laurence Bardin (2011), a partir dos textos supracitados. Selecionamos 12 textos de relatos de vivência e 11 relativos a apresentação do seminário final (considerando como corpus, os textos dos 3 alunos melhor avaliados de cada uma das 4 turmas que foram partícipes de nossa pesquisa-ação, sendo que um estudante não apresentou seminário). Desta análise, tivemos 3 categorias de conteúdos: fatos destacados durante a aventura vivida, sentimento de pertencimento a experiência vivida e aprendizados autodeclarados da aventura vivida. E por fim, com a categoria dos aprendizados autodeclarados, dialogadas com alguns exemplos de conteúdos midiáticos construídos pelos estudantes, verificamos que os alunos expressam em suas criações de conteúdo midiático, elementos ou temas, que atestam a ampliação do conhecimento sobre o esporte de aventura escolhido e desenvolvido na unidade didática, sendo este nosso último objetivo específico. Citamos como principais resultados alcançados, a partir do entrelaçamento desses três objetivos, a constatação de que os estudantes ampliaram, por meio de uma aprendizagem significativa, seus conhecimentos sobre o esporte de aventura experienciado, demonstrado tanto pelos conteúdos midiáticos construídos e apresentados pelos mesmos, quanto ancorados pelo referencial teórico especializado que dialogamos; Percebemos que a mídia-educação, diante das possibilidades de uso por nós exploradas, nos trouxeram um panorama de ampliação do espaço-tempo de convivência e aprendizagem, bem como diversas formas de expressão do conhecimento adquirido, agindo de forma crítica, reflexiva e criativa, sendo fundamental no processo de aprendizagem da modalidade estudada. 

Introdução: O desgaste energético e a desidratação são comuns em modalidades de ciclismo. Entretanto, há lacunas nas recomendações nutricionais existentes para provas de maior intensidade e menor duração. Objetivo: Determinar o efeito de diferentes estratégias de ingestão de líquidos e enxague bucal com carboidratos sobre a desidratação e o desempenho físico em ciclistas durante uma prova contrarrelógio. Metodologia: Onze ciclistas do sexo masculino, aclimatados ao calor, completaram uma prova de 30km em cicloergômetro em estado alimentado, eu-hidratados e com carga autorregulada, sob a influência aleatória das seguintes intervenções: EBC = Enxague bucal com carboidrato, sem ingestão hídrica; IHPP = Ingestão hídrica e de eletrólitos de acordo com a perda de peso; IHAD = Ingestão hídrica “Ad Libitum”. Variáveis de tempo, frequência cardíaca (FC), potência (W), percepção de esforço (PSE), afeto; e alterações na perda de peso (PP), cor, densidade (DU) e pH da urina, foram avaliadas durante o teste. Para análise estatística utilizou-se a análise de variância para medidas repetidas (ANOVA­ MR) e a Equação de Estimativa Generalizada (GEE) com ajuste de Bonferroni (p<0,05). Resultados: o desempenho dos atletas quanto ao tempo de prova não diferiu entre os as intervenções, com média de 54,5±2,9, 53,6±3,9 e 54,5±2,5 min em EBC, IHPP E IHAD, respectivamente (p=0,13). Em todas as intervenções, os participantes apresentaram perda de peso (PP) durante a prova, diferindo no total de percentual perdido entre os tratamentos (1,7±0,4%, 0,6±0,6%, 1,4±0,6%, respectivamente), sem atingir a desidratação. Conclusão: O diferente consumo de líquidos não influenciou o desempenho (tempo de prova) de ciclistas durante uma disputa em contrarrelógio de 30 km. 

Há evidências de que o exercício físico pode diminuir a perda cognitiva e prevenir a demência em idosos, assim também como o treino cognitivo é outra intervenção que vem sendo investigada, representando o aprendizado de novas formas de resolução de problemas, no entanto os estudos que investiguem o exercício físico aliado à estimulação cognitiva, ainda são inconclusivos. Objetivo: Analisar o efeito de uma sessão de exercício físico aeróbio com estimulação cognitiva no desempenho da memória e no aumento do fator neurotrófico derivado do cérebro (BDNF) em idosos. Material e Métodos: O presente estudo se caracteriza como quase experimental, com delineamento crossover randomizado. Tivemos como amostra 30 idosos de ambos os sexos (69,3 ± 5,8 anos de idade; 29,7 ± 3,9 kg.cm^-²), que foram submetidos a três diferentes sessões, sendo duas de exercício físico (sessão com exercícios automática e sessão com estímulos cognitivos) e uma sessão controle, cada sessão teve duração de 50 minutos. A memória foi avaliada com o teste de lista de palavras, realizou-se também uma coleta sanguínea antes e após cada sessão a fim de avaliar a variação da quantidade sérica do BDNF. Após a coleta foi verificado a normalidade e homogeneidade das variâncias. Utilizou-se ANOVA two-way de medidas repetidas para comparação entre e intrasessões das concentrações de BDNF e memória. Adotou-se como nível de significância estatística o p < 5%. Resultados: Na memória, as sessões não foram diferentes entre si, no entanto, houve um efeito significativo no tempo, apontando que houve diminuição significante no desempenho de memória em todas as sessões. Nos níveis de concentração do BDNF, as sessões não foram diferentes entre si, do mesmo modo, não houve significância na interação tempo × sessão.  Conclusão: Uma única sessão de exercício aeróbio conjugada a estimulação cognitiva com intensidade moderada não é suficiente para aumentar o fator neurotrófico derivado do cérebro, podendo prejudicar o desempenho da memória em tarefas realizadas logo após o exercício.   

The Autism Spectrum Disorder is a behavior and neurodevelopment disorder which characterized by trouble in the interaction and social communication, and subject's repetitive behaviors, which may be associated with others disorders with multiple causes. Subjects with Autism Spectrum Disorder have irregular human development and deficit in motor development. Relational Psychomotricity (RP) is a pedagogical practice, dedicated to spontaneous body movement and play using the imaginary and the symbolic, emotional and affective, providing to child and adult different objects in which we can observe the interaction between them. PURPOSE: Verify the effective of Relational Psychomotricity sessions on motor skills profile and postural control in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder. METODOLOGY: This is a descriptive exploratory research, with design of an evaluative case study. Was accompanied a 5 years individual diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder. To collect pre and post-test data were used the Motor Development Scale (MDS) and Posturography in force platform; were applied 8 sessions of Relational Psychomotricity with child with Autism Spectrum Disorder, with one session per week lasting 60 minutes each session, recorded through report observed by teachers who worked in the session. Subsequently, the individual was reassessed. The results were analyzed descriptively (pre and post), with the MDS by its scale and the Posturography by the percentage change delta (Δ%). RESULTS: The Relational Psychomotricity sessions gave to the individual a corporal experience, which allowed a movement and interaction with teachers and with other children, changing the profile of motor skills and postural control, demonstrated by the positive results of MDS and decrease in postural sway. Advances were found in the MDS tests in the areas of fine motor skills, overall motor skills, body image and temporal organization, with no significant difference in the area of balance and showing decreased scores in the area of spatial organization. The total motor quotient (TMQ) changed it’s much lower rating (TMQ: 61.5) for low normal (TMQ: 82.4), modifying the severe risk rating for slight risk in motor development. Posturography pointed decrease of scores in the oscillations of center of pressure in variables. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: From a spontaneous approach to the play, in which the individual is encouraged to enter into a movement and corporal experience, it was realized that the RP sessions had positive effects on the profile of motor skills and postural control of individual with Autism Spectrum Disorder evaluated in this study.

Introduction: the lack of inclusion in much of the population in physical activity programs, is due to emotional experiences of displeasure caused by the intensity of exercise. Thus, theoretical studies have cognitive control, as a key element in regulating emotions of pleasure. Objective: To analyze the effect of affective feelings on cognitive control, autonomic system and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), during the incremental test. Method: thirty-seven young adults, sedentary, participated randomly in two experimental conditions (control and exercise). In the exercise condition, performed a maximal incremental test on a cycle ergometer with concurrent evaluation of hemodynamic flow vmPFC, heart rate variability (HRV), cognitive control (Stroop test) and affection scales and associative and dissociative thought (ADT) to end of each stage intensity exercise. In the control condition, the volunteers performed the same evaluations of the exercise condition, but without exercise. In the test of cognitive control, reaction time (RT) and the Stroop test amount errors were recorded. In addition to the TR register and the number of errors it was calculated the inverse efficiency score (IES). For the evaluation of hemodynamic flow vmPFC, it was measures the relative concentrations of oxyhemoglobin (HbO₂), deoxyhemoglobin (HHb) and total hemoglobin (tHb). In the analysis of the variables in the experimental conditions, it was recorded the stage of ventilatory threshold (VT), including two stages above and below the VT, and the early and later stage of the incremental test, was also adopted the rest time (eight points). ANOVA for repeated measures two away found the possible differences in the variables between the conditions (control and exercise) and times (eight stages). Next it was performed Pearson correlation, to understand the relationship of emotional feeling about cognitive control, HRV and hemodynamic flow vmPFC. Results: the analysis of the behavior of the variables of the exercise condition, as well as affection, cognitive parameters: how the IES and ADT, HRV indices: HF/LF, HF and LF, and the hemodynamic flow HbO₂, HHB and tHb showed significant differences compared to the rest. In the Stroop test, the error number, showed significant differences in intensities above the VT, while the RT no significant differences. When we analyze the effect of the decline of the emotional experience of pleasure exercise condition with all the variables, some showed significant correlation in test error number Stroop (r = -0.77), ADT (r = -0.99), LF (r = -0.79) and the hemodynamic flow for both HbO₂ (r = -0.99), as for the tHb (r = -0.99). Conclusion: cardiac autonomic changes caused by increased physical exercise intensity, promotes more afferent feedback, reflecting the increased emotional experience of unpleasantness, associative thinking, hemodynamic flow vmPFC and decline in cognitive control. Thus, the decline of cognitive control, especially at intensities above the VT presents losses in emotional regulation of pleasure.

Aim: to evaluate the effect of 4 weeks of aquatic walking with dual-motor task on motor function of severe Parkinson Disease patients. Method: Twelve PD patients were divided into exercise (EG=7) and control (CG=5) groups. The EG completed 12 sessions of 30 min walking into deep water while executing dual-task, at moderate intensity, during 4 weeks with motor function (Unified Parkinson Disease’s Rate Scale III and Senior Fitness Test) measures taken before and after this period. Normality and homogeneity of variances were checked by Shapiro-Wilk and Lavene’s test respectively. Data of parametric variable are presented in mean and SD as well as in median and interquartile range for non-parametric variable. Data from the SFT was normalized by logarithmic transformation. Independent t test was used to compare parametric variables of the sample characterization, and Mann-Whitney U test, for non-parametric. ANOVA Split-splot (2x2) with Bonferroni’s post hoc was applied for comparison inter and intra-groups of all dependent variable. Size effect was calculated by Eta squared (η 2 p ) and Cohen’s d, with a significance of p<0,05. Results: PD patients yielded significant improvement of motor function pre-post exercise, with a moderate effect (p>0,001; d=0,44). Bradykinesia (p=0,001), agility (p=0,001) and postural balance (p=0,04) also expressed significant changes individually. Conclusion: Regular aerobic exercise with cognitive-motor interference stimuli may counteract the motor symptoms of PD neurodegeneration

É recomendado aos adolescentes realizarem 30 minutos de exercício aeróbio com intensidade vigorosa diariamente. No entanto, são escassos os estudos e pouco é conhecido dos efeitos destas recomendações sobre a cognição de adolescentes, principalmente, nas funções executivas. Deste modo, o objetivo do presente estudo é investigar o efeito agudo do exercício aeróbio em intensidade vigorosa sobre a função executiva em adolescentes. Para tanto, 25 adolescentes de ambos os sexos e com idade entre 10 e 16 anos serão submetidos a duas condições experimentais de 30 minutos, em ordem randomizada: 1) condição exercício aeróbio por meio de corrida na praia com intensidade vigorosa entre 60 e 80% da frequência cardíaca de reserva (FCR); e 2) condição sedentária assistindo desenho animado próprio para a idade (Kung Fu Panda). Antes e 10 minutos após as condições experimentais, serão aplicados dois testes cognitivos (Stroop test e Trail making test) para avaliação das funções executivas. A normalidade e a homogeneidade das variâncias dos dados serão testadas pelos testes de Shapiro-Wilk e Levene, respectivamente. Para a comparação dos testes cognitivos entre e intrassessão será utilizada a análise de variância (ANOVA) split-plot seguido do Post-hoc de Scheffé. Caso a esfericidade por meio do teste de Mauchly seja violada, a correção de Greenhouse-Geisser será utilizada para estatística F. O nível de significância adotado será de 5% (p<0,05).

Considerando os cursos de formação em saúde com diálogo e cenários de prática do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), a  Disciplina Saúde e Cidadania ''SACI'' configura-se como uma possibilidade de investigação. No momento em que o multiprofissional, a interdisciplinaridade, as experiências de vida, as interrogações sobre a saúde, as formas de cuidado, a observação da realidade social e a cultura de um lugar, potencialidades e fragilidades são consideradas e tem como características, o diálogo com outras áreas do conhecimento, o processo de democracia, coletividade, construção do conhecimento e espaço de escuta do outro. O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar o material didático relacionado à Atividade Integrada, ''Saúde e Cidadania'', no sentido de identificar e analisar compreensões de corpo. A partir do que já tem produzido com a intenção de aproximar e ampliar o olhar e a relação da Educação Física com o Programa Saúde da Família. Com relação à metodologia, trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, com enfoque de uma pesquisa documental,por meio da análise de conteúdo. Esse processo metodológico deu-se a partir da leitura do corpus de análise composto pelo Programa da Atividade Integrada Saúde e Cidadania, os quatro textos e o livro ''                    O que é Cidadania'', trabalhados durante a Disciplina, intitulados como; O trabalho em equipe, Saúde e Cidadania, Mas o que é mesmo um problema?, e “Porque usar técnicas etnográficas no mapeamento”. Após a leitura do material didático foram constituídas  categorias de análise que foram  interpretadas e relacionadas com o referencial teórico.  As categorias de análise foram:  corpo social-histórico, corpo sujeito ativo e corpo saúde. Identificamos assim, que a Disciplina SACI, nos seus discursos busca superar esses aspectos instrumentais do corpo e ampliar a compreensão desse, no momento que considera o corpo, a saúde relacionados não apenas a aspectos biológicos, mas sociais e culturais. Com isso, acreditamos que a pesquisa contribuiu ainda, para discutir os conceitos e reflexões sobre corpo, colaborando para que a sociedade compreenda a relação interligada entre corpo, saúde e cultura.

A temática do corpo permeia os discursos da Educação Física, os quais primam pelo viés das ciências biológicas, que o sedimenta para estudar o seu funcionamento. Em contrapartida, outro olhar nos é apresentado ao tratá-lo como corpo existencial, presente na Fenomenologia do filósofo francês Merleau-Ponty. No intuito de ampliar essas reflexões, passamos a descortinar a filosofia hedonista de Michel Onfray, indagando sobre a configuração do corpo retratado em seus escritos, a partir de críticas tecidas à moral cristã que permeia a tradição filosófica. Ela persegue fortemente a carne e os corpos, os espíritos e os entusiasmos para arrancar da matéria as energias que revelam a vida (Onfray, 2010). Entram em cena os valores do ideal ascético e do ideal hedonista. Este valoriza os prazeres momentâneos, a vertigem, as alegrias, os perfumes, os desejos, o agradável; afinal, potências do corpo libertino. Aquele é o ideal do bom cristão que coloca Deus acima das suas vontades, que crer no além da vida, que nega as paixões da carne; desse modo, configurando o corpo glorioso. Nesse sentido, o dado estudo tem a intenção de refletir sobre o corpo na filosofia de Michel Onfray, assim como, impulsionar novos olhares para o conhecimento de que trata a Educação Física. Como metodologia, utilizamos a hermenêutica, proposta por Paul Ricoeur (1976), que a define como um método utilizado na interpretação de textos. Para compor nossas buscas, catalogamos os livros de Onfray publicados no Brasil. Para auxiliar nossas interpretações, convocamos Mata (2007) que é tido como um intérprete brasileiro original do referido filósofo. Além disso, recorremos a filmes para ilustrar a temática abordada. A seleção se deu em decorrência da possível relação com os conceitos abordados na pesquisa – Corpo Glorioso e Corpo libertino – e como oportunidade de visualizar o momento histórico que marca os ideais referidos acima. Como estratégia didática, o texto está dividido em três capítulos: o primeiro é destinado à contextualização do pensamento do filósofo Michel Onfray; o segundo aborda o Corpo Glorioso contemplado pelo ideal ascético; e o terceiro, o Corpo Libertino promovido pelo ideal hedonista. Nas considerações finais, tentaremos responder as questões de estudo e evidenciar novas perspectivas para o universo da pesquisa.

O aumento da incidência, juntamente com as novas terapias para o HIV/AIDS trazem de maneira ascendente o exercício físico como modalidade terapêutica. Esse, promove alterações relevantes como regulação do sono, aumenta as capacidades funcionais e aeróbicas, auxilia na manutenção da função imune, atenua os efeitos adversos da terapia antirretroviral, melhorando, consequentemente, a qualidade de vida desses indivíduos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar, em diferentes períodos, a influência do exercício físico na qualidade de vida e qualidade do sono de pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS. A amostra foi composta por 17 pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS, acompanhadas longitudinalmente por 25 meses. Os voluntários foram submetidos as avaliações da qualidade de vida, qualidade do sono e parâmetros imunológicos, sendo então reavaliados durante os períodos de 2-4 meses (curto período), de 5-17 meses (médio período ou intermediário) e por fim, de 19-25 meses (longo período). Os resultados evidenciaram diferenças significativas em 5 dos 9 domínios da qualidade vida, apontando comportamentos positivos, especificamente nos domínios função geral, satisfação com a vida, preocupações com a saúde, preocupações com a medicação, aceitação ao HIV e na qualidade de vida total. Houveram mudanças e comportamentos positivos nos aspectos da qualidade do sono e parâmetros imunológicos. Concluímos que o exercício físico promoveu benefícios tanto a curto como à longo prazo, principalmente em domínios da qualidade de vida de pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS.

Como professores de Educação Física escolar, encontramo-nos sempre envoltos às questões relacionadas à nossa atuação, seja nas questões de cunho metodológico ou epistemológico. Nesta pesquisa, objetivamos identificar as compreensões de corpo, movimento e aprendizagem na teoria Psicocinética proposta por Jean Le Boulch e sua aproximação com a Educação Física. Buscamos apontar elementos epistemológicos sobre a teoria, a Educação Física e sua atualidade nesta área, acreditando que essa aproximação e diálogo venham contribuir com o este campo do conhecimento. Professor francês, formado em Educação Física, Medicina e Psicologia, Le Boulch teve grande influência na área da Educação Física no Brasil nos anos 70 e 80, principalmente com sua vinda para ministrar cursos e com os conhecimentos trazidos da psicomotricidade. Seus estudos caminharam na construção do conhecimento sobre o movimento humano, considerando sua importância no desenvolvimento da pessoa e na crítica à visão mecanicista do corpo e do movimento. Nossas reflexões serão baseadas nos conceitos trazidos pela Psicocinética apresentados nas referências bibliográficas de Le Boulch no Brasil, além de outros trabalhos desenvolvidos por ele neste país, conferências, palestras e entrevista desse estudioso, assim como dos debatedores do seu trabalho. Optamos por uma abordagem teórica e adotaremos a Fenomenologia do filósofo Maurice Merleau-Ponty (1999) como referência metodológica, considerando também a influência do seu pensamento nos estudos de Le Boulch. A Educação Física é área do conhecimento na qual a aprendizagem do movimento configura sua intervenção, pensamos então, que o corpo sendo unidade que existe em si próprio em relação ao mundo e esse contato com o mundo dá-se a partir do movimento humano, novos sentidos para o ensino da Educação Física podem configurar-se a partir da reflexão dos conceitos fenomenológicos trazidos por Le Boulch em sua teoria.

Resumo

Objetivo: O objetivo do presente trabalho centrou-se em observar o comportamento da ativação mioelétrica dos músculos de membro superior utilizando a manopla da pegada pronada e a manopla da pegada neutra, durante um teste incremental. Metodologia: A amostra foi composta por 5 cadeirantes fisicamente ativos, praticantes de musculação, basquetebol ou handbike com idade de 28 ± 3 (anos), massa 52 ± 5,4 (kg), altura 162 ± 15,25 (cm), que apresentavam poliomielite, mielomeningocele ou lesão medular nível T4 e T5. O teste incremental foi realizado no ciclo ergômetro de braço enquanto a atividade mioelétrica foi analisada através eletromiografia de superfície nas seguintes musculaturas: occipitofrontal, trapézio superior, deltóide medial e braquiorradial. Os participantes foram três vezes ao laboratório: A primeira vez foi a familiarização, na qual os participantes foram instruídos sobre os procedimentos do estudo e testaram as diferentes manoplas; A segunda sessão foi o teste com a manopla de pegada pronada e após 48 horas finalizaram com o teste com a manopla com a pegada neutra. Como tratamento estatístico inicialmente foi observado o comportamento da distribuição dos dados pelo teste de Shapiro-Wilk, a descrição feita por médias e desvio padrão e as inferências pelo delta de mudança do percentual do RMS. Resultados: Os resultados encontrados revelaram que atividade mioelétrica dos músculos trapézio superior, do deltóide medial e do braquiorradial mantiveram-se sempre menores durante todo o teste com a pegada neutra. Conclusão: Os achados desse estudo mostram que a manopla de pegada neutraapresentou a atividade mioelétrica das musculaturas da cintura escapular, ombro e cotovelo diminuída, sugerindo com isto a possibilidade de minimizar o risco de lesões osteomioarticulares durante o teste incremental.

Palavras-Chave: Eletromiografia, Teste de Esforço, Pessoas com Deficiência físicas. 

Esta dissertação é fruto de inquietações com os processos teórico-metodológicos e aprendizagem ocorridos na prática pedagógica da Educação Física na escola, as quais me acompanham desde a formação inicial, momento em que vivenciei uma aprendizagem de forma fragmentada, voltada ao tecnicismo e a esportivização. No intuito de melhor qualificar as intervenções pedagógicas da educação física na escola, estive sempre preocupado em aplicar o que recebia na Universidade, mas o cotidiano das aulas estava sempre a exigir outros fazeres. Nesse sentido, muito foram os momentos de rupturas epistemológicas ocorridas na minha formação, nas quais sempre busquei novos investimentos na formação para dar conta da oferta de uma educação física mais humanista e pautada em verdadeiros preceitos educacionais. Nesse intuito tive que refletir sobre as intervenções pedagógicas ao longo da minha formação, no sentido de não realizar as atividades como acúmulo de fazeres, mas como metamorfoses de saberes e, portanto, geradoras de aprendizagens para os alunos. Dessa forma, essa dissertação insere-se nesse contexto com o objetivo geral, de discutir a minha trajetória profissional, considerando-se as rupturas epistemológicas da Educação Física, ocorridas na minha formação e atuação. Objetiva-se, ainda, identificar as contribuições destas formações na atuação profissional, centradas na narração e reflexão de experiências significativas no ensino do esporte e da Educação Física Escolar. Ressalta-se as mudanças de paradigmas, saindo dos métodos ginásticos, passando pelo método dança-educação física, psicomotricidade, chegando às teorias críticas contemporâneas vivenciadas a partir da cultura de movimento, bem como suas implicações para a atuação profissional. Optamos por uma pesquisa qualitativa, utilizando o método autobiográfico, tendo como técnicas ou fontes, as narrativas, o registro fotográfico e amostra de vídeos. Nos estudos, dentro da área da educação, na maioria das vezes, as pesquisas qualitativas vieram se contrapor a visão positivista da quantificação nas analises dos fenômenos sociais. Novas ideias foram aparecendo no sentido de apresentar perspectivas inovadoras para se entender o real.  Os dados da pesquisa serão apresentados de forma narrada (descritiva), analisados como base no referencial teórico que orienta o estudo, em especial autores que discutem a educação física escolar, a formação profissional e a concepção de corpo.  Acreditamos que nossa pesquisa poderá ser de relevância para a formação em Educação Física, pois a partir de reflexões pedagógicas em determinadas realidades históricas, vislumbra ser possível abrir novos olhares para a atuação de outros professores de educação física.

Ao longo desta pesquisa defendemos que projetos sociais como o Programa Segundo Tempo podem ampliar seus objetivos e ações interventivas para além da inclusão social de pessoas excluídas socialmente do acesso a direitos sociais, considerando esses espaços também como promotores de possibilidades educativas. Para tanto, dialogamos com diversos autores da área da Educação, da Educação Física e das Ciências Sociais para fortalecer nossos argumentos. Nesse sentido, nossa proposta de pesquisa orientou-se pelo método de pesquisa ação e pelas estratégias e técnicas de pesquisa que o apoiam, desenvolvendo uma proposta de intervenção e acompanhamento sistemático caracterizado basicamente pela realização de seminários e ciclos de observação da prática pedagógico dos monitores e coordenadores de núcleo do PST no convênio da Prefeitura Municipal de Riacho da Cruz, a fim de contribuir para processos de tomada de consciência e mudanças na prática pedagógica, que se apresentassem indesejáveis as orientações teóricas e metodológicas do PST. Para tanto, partimos de uma questão de estudo que não se encerrou em si mesma, mas que foi constantemente alimentada por novas problemáticas e objetivos, emergidos do campo empírico durante a pesquisa: quais são os limites e possibilidades encontrados pelos monitores e coordenadores de núcleo do PST para aplicar as orientações teóricas e metodológicas nos núcleos do programa? Os resultados demonstraram que as principais limitações enfrentados pelos recursos humanos do convênio da Prefeitura Municipal de Riacho da Cruz para aplicar as orientações do PST são: não formação específica na área de Educação Física ou Esporte; experiências de trabalho com o ensino do esporte, anteriores ao trabalho no PST, insuficientes ou inexistentes; fragilidades no processo de capacitação segundo modelo do PST que não possibilitaram mais exemplos de experiências para o ensino do esporte nos núcleos; e fragilidades no formato de acompanhamento pouco assíduo realizado pela Equipe Colaboradora. Sobre as possibilidades para superação desse quadro, encontramos justamente na participação e envolvimento do próprio grupo sujeito em tentar minimizar essas limitações, buscando na proposta de acompanhamento pedagógico por seminários e ciclos de observações das atividades desenvolvido, uma alternativa importante para a resolução das situações problemas emergidas nesta pesquisa. Desse modo, o sucesso da proposta desenvolvida nos levou a algumas conclusões dentre as quais está a de que o sucesso do PST não reside somente na cobrança da especificidade da área ou grau de formação dos monitores e coordenadores de núcleo que lidam com o trabalho pedagógico nos núcleos dos convênios, mas na realização de um acompanhamento mais assíduo das Equipes Colaboradoras aos núcleos, que possibilite maiores momentos de troca de experiências entre as Equipes Colaboradoras do PST e os recursos humanos, inclusive considerando as variantes de contexto, estreitando assim a relação teoria e prática no PST. Por fim, reconhecemos as limitações do nosso estudo, o que abre perspectivas para futuras reformulações, mas esperamos contribuir para a interface estabelecida entre as áreas de Educação Física e Ciências Sociais ampliando os conhecimentos relativos a prática pedagógica em projetos sociais.

As características adquiridas pela GR desde a sua origem fomentaram a criação de infinitas possibilidades de movimento. O sentido estético que busca o belo ginástico, o vínculo inabalável com a música, o entrelaçamento com a dança, a busca por formas inusitadas e especialmente tramadas, configuram esse esporte aberto a diferentes interpretações. Esse estudo tem como objetivo refletir sobre o corpo na GR a partir do seu entrelaçamento com a técnica, a arte e a cultura, além de ampliar a discussão sobre os esportes considerados artísticos no universo da Educação Física. Para tanto, utilizamos a Pesquisa Qualitativa com suporte na Fenomenologia segundo Merleau-Ponty e através da redução fenomenológica e da hermenêutica como modalidade da fenomenologia, utilizada para descrever, compreender e interpretar vídeos de conjuntos de GR simples e misto, selecionados intencionalmente. A escolha dos conjuntos deu–se em virtude da relação possível com os conceitos abordados nesse estudo, além da sua representatividade no universo ginástico, principalmente na prova em questão.  Limitamos as escolhas coreográficas ao ciclo olímpico 2009 a 2012, por corresponder ao período onde os critérios para a elaboração e avaliação das composições estavam sedimentados. Para favorecer o entendimento do tema elencado dividimos o texto em três capítulos que tratam prioritariamente de cada um dos conceitos básicos que são entrelaçados ao corpo na GR: a técnica, a arte e a cultura. Nas considerações finais, respondemos as questões de estudo e reatamos a configuração essencial à GR como modalidade diferenciada no mundo esportivo. 

Introdução: O esporte praticado por pessoas com deficiência vem crescendo nos últimos anos. Consequentemente, avanços nos métodos de avaliação e treinamento têm surgido. Porém, o esporte paralímpico segue a reboque destes avanços, com poucos estudos específicos que considerem a deficiência como fator interveniente. A estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua (ETCC) é uma técnica que vem se mostrando capaz de modular a função cerebral. Estudos mostram efeitos benéficos da ETCC sobre a força muscular, fadiga e potência durante exercício. Entretanto, até o presente momento não temos conhecimento de algum estudo que investigou o efeito da ETCC sobre o controle do movimento, tampouco em praticantes de para-halterofilismo. Objetivo: Investigar o efeito da ETCC sobre o controle do movimento em para-halterofilistas. Metodologia: Oito sujeitos foram submetidos a duas sessões de captura de movimentos, sendo aplicado previamente as sessões ETCC anódica ou sham no cerebelo. Foram realizados três movimentos com carga crescente entre 90-95% de 1RM. Os movimentos foram gravados por um sistema com 10 câmeras infravermelho, obtendo-se a reconstrução da trajetória 3D de marcadores colocados na barra. Resultados: Houveram mudanças entre as condições anódica e sham, sobre os desníveis inicial, final, máximos durante a fase excêntrica e concêntrica e sobre a diferença entre o desnível inicial e final. Além disto, houve diferença no desnível final e durante a fase excêntrica ao comparar os atletas amputados e les autres. Conclusão: Os achados do presente estudo sugerem que a ETCC aplicada previamente ao exercício sobre o cerebelo em para-halterofilistas atua de forma diferenciada de acordo com os critérios de elegibilidade.

A presente dissertação intitulada “No banzeiro do Amazonas: desafios e possibilidades para aulas de Educação Física nas escolas de várzea do município de Santarém-Pará” teve como objetivo geral apresentar e discutir os desafios e as dificuldades do professor sem qualificação profissional para ensinar Educação Física na região de várzea do município de Santarém, tendo-se como objetivos específicos: 1) identificar os desafios que emergem do ambiente de várzea que se relacionam ao cotidiano docente e aos espaços físicos para as aulas de Educação Física; 2) realizar um levantamento das dificuldades do professor sem qualificação profissional para ensinar Educação Física, bem como, do modelo de aula desenvolvido. Para o alcance dos objetivos enunciados, a presente pesquisa lançou mão à abordagem qualitativa com base na técnica do estudo de caso. A investigação foi desenvolvida em aproximadamente cinco meses na escola da comunidade São Ciríaco do Urucurituba, localizada às margens do rio Amazonas, no município de Santarém e ocorreu em duas etapas: na primeira, foram realizados registros através de fotografias e anotações em diário de campo sobre o cotidiano e sobre as condições locais de realização das aulas; na outra etapa, realizada simultaneamente à primeira, buscou-se identificar as dificuldades associadas à pratica docente nas aulas de Educação Física da escola, através de observação das aulas, entrevista com a professora responsável e com dois grupos de alunos, além da análise de um plano de curso apresentado pela professora. Após o levantamento do contexto das aulas, modificamos a postura para observador participante. Nessa fase, proporcionamos uma capacitação em que foram desenvolvidos estudos de temas relevantes para a professora. Essa mudança de postura foi importante para a confirmação de informações já coletadas e o acréscimo de outras que foram registradas no diário de campo, acrescentadas de fotografias e filmagens. Os resultados da pesquisa desnudam os desafios que emergem do convívio cotidiano das pessoas com o rio, como os riscos de enfrentar um temporal ou fazer uma travessia; os aspectos de sazonalidade da cheia e vazante, pelo fato da comunidade estar localizada numa região de várzea; bem como, as dificuldades inerentes do ambiente de várzea, como por exemplo, o fenômeno das “terras crescidas” que ocorre durante a vazante do rio e que altera o espaço físico de realização das aulas. Além disso, verificou-se que a prática pedagógica da professora era bastante limitada pela falta de conhecimento dos conteúdos de Educação Física e das metodologias de ensino, o que ocasionava uma limitação na realização de suas aulas baseadas em dois modelos pedagógicos da área, empregados por ela: o “rola a bola” e o “esportivismo”. Como perspectiva de melhoria para esse quadro, foi apresentada durante a capacitação o modelo pedagógico descrito nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais em consonância com a realidade dos espaços e materiais didáticos disponíveis.