The Dunas de Natal State Park is the first regulated Conservation Unit in the state of RN, linked to the National System of Conservation Units, in the category of Integral Protection, twenty-three years after its regulation. Located in Natal, the park is in an urban area and is surrounded by two Special Areas of Social Interest, an Area of Special Tourist and Landscape Interest, military areas and, as a result, lives with a range of conflicts arising from the association between an Integral Protection Conservation Unit and an urban area. The main aim of this research is to "analyze the conflicts arising from the extemporaneous linking of "Park" type Conservation Units, located in urban areas, to the National System of Conservation Units - SNUC, based on the case of the Natal/RN Dunes Park". To this end, three specific objectives were contemplated: 1) To contextualize the creation of Conservation Units in Brazil, since before the SNUC was enacted, making an association with the urban planning instruments available in both periods (before and after the SNUC); 2) To characterize the creation of the Natal Dunes Park in relation to the insertion of RN in the development policy of tourist megaprojects for the Northeast Region; and, 3) To analyze the suitability of the Natal Dunes State Park for the category of Integral Protection, in the light of the National System of Conservation Units. This is a qualitative study, considered to be the most appropriate way to respond to the problem, which is interdisciplinary. A case study was defined as a strategy; in the case of this research, Parque das Dunas was characterized as a single critical case, defined by its centrality in relation to the research problem. Data collection was based on secondary data, made up of official documents (Management Plan, Operation Plan, Procedures Manual, among others identified along the way), minutes of meetings of the UC Management Council, Natal Master Plans, and related documents, which were analyzed using Content Analysis, respecting the stages of pre-analysis, exploration of the material and treatment of the results, defined by Bardin. Support was sought in the literature dealing with regulatory instruments for Conservation Units and urban planning. The results obtained point to the need to re-evaluate the legislation governing Conservation Units, especially at state and municipal level, to the need for possible adjustments or requalification of the UCs that were extemporaneously linked to the SNUC, as well as a review of the Parque das Dunas Management Plan.

Community-Based Tourism (CBT) is a form of tourism management generally developed in the territory of indigenous peoples and traditional communities under the principles of self-management, social equity, solidarity, cooperation and interculturality. The majority participation of women in TBC initiatives is widely recognized by the World Tourism Organization (WTO) and the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women). The role of women in TBC initiatives, however, does not lead to an automatic process of female empowerment and gender equality. In this sense, the study aims to analyze the role of women in the development of Community-Based Tourism in the Catu dos Eleotérios indigenous community, located in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, and its possible effects on female empowerment and indigenous social dynamics. As specific objectives, the work aims to: reveal the indigenous social dynamics and the sexual division of labor in the Catu dos Eleotérios community; identify the results generated by Community-Based Tourism and the challenges for its development, from the perspective of catuzeira women; and verify whether Community-Based Tourism triggered processes of female empowerment and changes in the social position of women in the indigenous community. The research used the ethnographic method as inspiration, with the application of participant observation techniques and semi-structured interviews, making it possible to explore the perspectives, experiences and meanings attributed by women to their involvement in CBT. As a result, there is an initial process of female empowerment of catuzeira women in the psychological, social, economic and political dimensions. In the psychological dimension, the increase in self-esteem, active participation, self-confidence and greater autonomy of indigenous women is notable. In the social dimension, women are positioned more independently, gaining visibility, speaking and decision-making power, strengthening the social position of women within the community. In the economic dimension, women now have an alternative source of income through tourism, providing greater financial autonomy and influence in family dynamics, with prominent roles as entrepreneurs and artisans. With regard to political empowerment, women began to participate more in community decisions and represent the community in external organizations, however, they still do not exercise leadership roles. Despite advances, some challenges persist regarding gender inequality, such as the overload of women in domestic activities and machismo based on patriarchal structures, obstacles rooted in the social structure of the community, which still need to be overcome.

The Cariri Paraibano region, marked by the Caatinga landscape framed by flagstones, has seen an increase in tourist activity in recent years, driven, among many factors, by geomorphological and archaeological attributes, cinematographic productions, crafts and gastronomy. Tourism presents itself, at least within the scope of discourse, as an important vector for local development and improving the quality of life of communities. In 2017, Sebrae/PB launched the “Rota dos Lajedos” project, to promote activities such as geotourism, ecotourism and experiences within communities. However, tourism development requires an inclusive approach that involves the active participation of local communities in decision-making. In this area, there is a form of tourism, commonly known as Community-Based Tourism (TBC), which values participatory management and the protagonism of local subjects as central agents in the tourism development processes in their respective territories. Thus, the research has the general objective of analyzing how the rural communities of Marinho and Bravo, located in Cariri Paraibano, are socially organized and integrated into the tourism production chain, revealing the factors that explain their different forms of community organization and proximity to the development of Community-Based Tourism. The research is characterized as exploratory, with a qualitative analysis approach. The information was collected in fieldwork in the two target communities of the study, using two research techniques: participant observation and semi- structured interviews with community members and leaders and external agents involved with local tourism. The results demonstrate that the presence of certain social organizers in communities led to different forms of management and involvement with local tourism. Furthermore, it was observed that external actions, such as partnerships and connections with different projects and experiences, promoted the development of local tourism, becoming a differentiating factor for community engagement.

Different dimensions of violence, exploitation, exclusion and inequality mark contemporary tourism, so there has been increasing attention to research that deals with these phenomena and their effects on tourism. In the case of violence, these studies focus on the analysis of the impacts of these practices under the eyes of visitors and tourists, and there are few studies that relate violence and tourism for residents and workers in the sector. In the latter case, the work environment in tourism, especially in the hotel industry, has been characterized as a locus of hierarchical and, at times, abusive and precarious relationships, but which, however, has little to do with the practices of violence. Thus, the problem identified in this analysis concerns the lack of studies that investigate in depth the ramifications of violence during working hours in the hotel industry. In this sense, the main purpose of this research is to analyze the dynamics of violence that occur during working hours in hotels in Natal-RN. It considers the social inequalities arising from tourist development based on the reports and experiences shared by workers and former workers of the sector. The approach used to investigate the topic is, predominantly, qualitative. The strategy adopted to address the research problem was a single case study. To collect primary data, it was used the snowball sampling technique, together with the data collection techniques: netnography and semi-structured interviews. The research results show that despite its development in contemporary society, the hotel industry constantly deals with structural challenges, which involves work overload, the employment relationship of these professionals, the incidence of violence in the work environment, as well as the complaints made or the resolution of these cases. Social inequalities, therefore, coexist in the work relationships developed between employers and employees, and it is a direct reflection of economic neoliberalism and globalization within society. Workers submit to poor conditions imposed by managers and owners, because they need the job, which further reinforces the scenario of precarious working conditions. Furthermore, the violence observed in the work environment of the hotels in Natal consists of the presence of abusive practices related to moral and sexual harassment, racism, homophobia, among others, especially, addressed to the gender perspective. These practices, therefore, project themselves onto gender and other convergences such as sexual orientation, race and social class, reaching even more significant dimensions.

As a result of digital transformations and changes in educational processes that support a more autonomous and liberating education, the concept of online learning (e-learning) emerges as an alternative to promote training, development and education actions for people. E-learning places the student as the protagonist of the training process, but these modern methods will not be fully effective if users are inclined to not accept these technologies. Although studies have been dedicated to investigating the adoption of e-learning in formal educational institutions - basic to higher education - research that has focused on the factors of its acceptance in the corporate environment, especially tourism, is rare. In this context, this thesis aims to integrate theories from the areas of organizational management, psychology and education to analyze the acceptance factors of e-learning in the hotel industry, namely: Competitive Values Framework; Psychological Empowerment; and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. Therefore, the central objective is to investigate the relationships between organizational culture and psychological empowerment for the acceptance and use of e-learning in the hotel industry. This is a hypothetical-deductive research, with a quantitative approach, descriptive and explanatory. The field of study was made up of hotel chains that promote online training and operate in the Brazilian context, while the responding subjects were employees from different functions in the hotels. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire, from a sample of 312 employees who had online learning experiences in the workplace. Data processing and analysis occurred via descriptive statistics and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), supported by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results showed that the organizational culture profile that predominates in the hotel industry is Clan and Innovative, with no statistically significant differences between them. Competence was the most prominent dimension of empowerment, showing that people have enough self-efficacy to complete the courses. Furthermore, Effort Expectancy also stood out among the e-learning acceptance dimensions, which shows that people see online learning platforms as easy to use. After testing hypotheses, the research resulted in a structural model of relationships that explains 57% of the antecedents of hotel employees' intention to use e-learning. The path taken from Social Influence, through Clan Culture and Empowerment proved to be the most effective in the hotel context. Finally, it is possible to conclude that there are cause-effect relationships between organizational culture, empowerment and acceptance of e- learning in the hotel industry and the proposed model can help managers in making decisions regarding the effective implementation of e-learning practices.

Tourism in protected areas is made up of three main aspects: rationality about the integration of local communities, neoliberal environmental conservation and the spatialization of tourism use, all of which bring together tensions within the poverty-stricken population. In this context, protected areas are a focus for understanding tourism because they encompass power relations where everyday actions and external processes are concentrated, such as the actions of various agents in restructuring the territory. The thesis aims to understand the dynamics of tourism and narratives of poverty, considering the ideology of development linked to the context of protected areas in Mozambique, especially in Limpopo National Park, seeking to analyze tourism and the narratives associated with poverty; the context of the creation of conservation areas and their connection with the actions of various agents; It also problematizes the neoliberal ideology and its basis in the restructuring of conservation areas, as well as the political agenda of tourism, and investigates the process of citizen participation and social transformations in indigenous communities, with a view to the internal organization of their territories. From a methodological point of view, based on a qualitative approach, the aim is to carry out bibliographical research on the subject under study and documentary research, analyzing Mozambican policy documents, such as national plans and management plans linked to tourism, poverty and conservation. Empirical research was carried out with the help of in- depth interviews, in order to gather the feelings and reasoning of the people involved in the dynamics of the Limpopo National Park. In addition to collecting information from locals and community leaders to obtain testimonies about the lives of the people involved, interviews were conducted with government tourism and conservation bodies, as well as with the main partner Non-Governmental Organization in order to identify their thoughts and concrete actions. Tourism plays a fundamental role in the actions and practices of everyday dialogic structuring, revealing itself as fundamental in the formation of narratives. This complex phenomenon is influenced by various factors, including the mechanisms and purposes of international politics in tourism relations. Ideologies linked to the actions of the state also play a significant role, leaving their mark on the construction of tourism and the context of political representations in the face of diverse social realities. As these are communities of small groups, articulation is flexible, but the decision-making process is somewhat questionable, given that the fragility of citizen participation, access to information and crucial decision-making for their destinations depend on historically constructed power relations, from the family to the constitutional context.

A Smart Tourism Destination (STD) can be understood as an innovative and accessible tourist space that integrates technological infrastructure to guarantee the sustainable development of the destination, promote the interaction and integration of tourists to improve the experience at the destination, as well as provide management tools for the stakeholders involved in the activity. The present study aims to analyze Natal-RN as a Smart Tourism Destination based on the perception of the members of the Municipal Tourism Council (CMTur) using as a basis the systemic model for the development and evaluation of STD proposed by Ivars-Baidal, Solsona Monzonís and Giner Sanchez (2016). The systemic model is composed of three levels (Strategic-Relational, Instrumental, and Applied), which are interrelated and present indicators such as Governance; Sustainability; Innovation; Connectivity and Sensing; Information System and Applications, and Tourist Solutions, which guided the research. Therefore, it is descriptive-exploratory research with a qualitative approach using an inductive method. To capture the perception of managers' perception of the Natal-RN destination in the light of smart destinations, data collection was carried out through interviews with a semi-structured questionnaire prepared from the adaptation of the dimensions and axes of the systemic model of STD, as well as how the documentary survey was carried out on rules and regulations through the Master Plan of the City of Natal (Complementary Law nº. 208, of March 7, 2022), and the meeting minutes of the CMTur meetings for the 2021/2022 biennium. Data analysis was performed using content analysis supported by the Iramuteq software (version 0.7 alpha 2). From this perspective, it can be seen that the main barriers faced in the Natal-RN destination from the perspective of an STD are related to infrastructure, accessibility, security, connectivity and sensing. As an opportunity, the role of governance that operates in the destination stands out, and which already knows the methodology of smart destinations, as well as the role of the master plan, as it includes guidelines that aim to raise the level of intelligence of the city and, therefore, of the destination. This research is expected to contribute to the relevant theoretical training for the theme of smart tourist destinations and their application in the development of destinations, raising the degree of tourist intelligence, mainly in the Brazilian reality, more specifically for the city of Natal-RN that is being pointed out as a destination on the rise, needing to innovating in planning and management, with the methodology of intelligent destinations being an alternative to innovate and generating even more competitiveness for the destination.

Fashion and tourism are contemporary phenomena that symbolize the transformations of society, arising from sociocultural and economic relations of its surroundings. In the search for elucidating too much synergy between these two fields of study, the events sector, and especially the fashion events segment, stands out. Fashion events are authentic and creative events that promote trends and innovations in the fashion chain, disseminate knowledge about the area, irradiate direct and indirect benefits to other  markets, collaborate to the marketing of the destinations that host them and stimulate consumer behavior through desire, such as São Paulo Fashion Week, considered the most emblematic fashion week in Brazil. In this perspective, two questions guided this research, namely: 1) is it possible to establish a link between the fashion and tourism markets? and; 2) in what way the fashion events held in Brazil enhance the tourist destinations that host them? Facing the desire to deepen the discussions of this theme, this dissertation aimed to investigate how fashion events collaborate with tourism, in order to understand the synergy between tourism and fashion. Regarding the methodological aspects, this is a phenomenological research that has a descriptive and exploratory typology, with a qualitative approach. Data collection occurred via Google Meet platform, through interviews with seven professionals who work in fashion events in Brazil and a representative of the Tourism and Events Observatory of the city of São Paulo. We also adopted the bibliographic and documental research in this collection process, using content analysis as a technique for data interpretation and the software Iramuteq (version 0.7 alpha 2) to systematize and structure the results. The results show that tourism and fashion admit correlation when favoring consumption needs, behaviors and desires typical of modernity, being possible to think of dynamics that mutually benefit and can expand their respective sectors. Thus, fashion events are seen as events that enhance this interaction and present a prominent appreciation of Brazilian culture, user experiences, search for innovation and collaboration with other markets. The research findings point out that events of this type have aptitude to work new tourism segments linked to fashion and culture, and that it is opportune to develop strategies to expand these ideas. Thus, this work proposes a new look to the theme of fashion events, based on the attributes of these events as a way to expand the studies in the field of tourism and fashion.

The Baixo Rio Branco, located between the municipalities of Caracaraí and Rorainópolis, in the central-southern region of the state of Roraima, has been highlighted by the offer of the Sport Fishing Tourism segment, due to the diversity contained in its ecosystems, which favors the occurrence of varied fish species. However, the use of water and fishing resources by tourism affects the degree of conservation of natural environments and the way of life of the riverside communities that live in the region, resulting in social conflicts that raise the need to reflect on the development of tourism in more responsible bases, in order to find ways to mitigate possible harmful actions of the tourist phenomenon on the environment in which it operates, as well as the interference of these conflicts on tourist activity. In order to deal with the aspects that can and should permeate the activity of Sport Fishing Tourism in this Amazonian context, we chose in this study the use of the sustainability paradigm as a viable path for responsible regional development, based on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, from the United Nations - UN, through the Mandala ODS instrument, from the National Confederation of Municipalities - CNM, which has a methodology applicable at the local level and covers socioeconomic and environmental data of the municipalities covered by the survey. Thus, an exploratory-descriptive research carried out, which consists of a case study, had as its main objective to analyze the challenges for Sport Fishing Tourism in Baixo Rio Branco-RR to contribute to the achievement of the social SDGs of the 2030 Agenda, the based on the Mandala SDG, using applied research as methodological procedures, with a qualitative approach, with the aid of bibliographical, documentary and electronic research, from a phenomenological perspective, in addition to counting on the contribution of social actors directly involved in the planning, management and /or use of local natural resources used by the tourist segment, through the application of tests, the results of which make it possible to elucidate aspects related to the tourist offer in the region, the social context of the local riverside communities, as well as challenges to be overcome so that Tourism of Sport Fishing in Baixo Rio Branco-RR walks the paths of social sustainability and effectively contributes to achieving the social SDGs of the 2030 Agenda.

Discussions about innovation and creative destruction in the segment of travel agencies and operators are essential to understand the scenario, strategies and challenges. Thus, the general objective of this research is to describe how the scenario, strategies and managerial challenges of innovation and creative destruction in the segment of travel agencies and operators are characterized. And the specific objectives are: To present the sector of agencies and travel operations, its organization, structure and operation in the local market; Discuss the management actions and innovations in the crisis scenario by travel agencies and operators in the last five years (2019 to 2023); Identify the internal and external changes, ruptures and transformations (creative destruction) necessary and planned by travel agencies and operators. The study is exploratory, with a qualitative and quantitative method of analysis done through questionnaires via Google Forms. Bardin's (2009) content analysis was used as a data analysis technique. The research universe addressed is companies from Rio Grande do Norte accredited by AMBAV AND CADASTUR. In this way, 450 companies were reached. As it was not possible to research all the elements, due to the lack of time, a non-probabilistic convenience sample was established within the studied population, which would cover between 8 to 10 agencies and 1 to 3 operators, who were willing to collaborate with the research. As for the results obtained, it was identified that travel agencies faced a moment of uncertainty and numerous difficulties, due to the current economic crisis resulting from the pandemic, in addition to other crises that they have already faced during their existence. It was noted that the agencies and managers of a large part of the sample carried out several isolated actions, focused on the crisis faced only to survive the momentary crisis and that innovation is the great ally of these companies for survival in the face of difficult scenarios.

This paper results from a PhD research in Tourism, entitled "Epistemology of complexity and interdisciplinary research in tourism: creating synergies to rethink the cultural development of Mozambique". The research aimed at structuring with density the paradigm of complexity to bring into dialogue the multiple approaches between tourism, cultural policies, creative economy and the development process in Mozambique. The methodological procedures included bibliographic research; documentary analysis of primary sources such as laws, public policies, reports, work programmes such as the Strategic Plan for Culture 2012-2022 and the Strategic Plan for the Development of Tourism in Mozambique II 2016-2025; participant observation; and narrative interviews with some cultural operators to understand the dynamics of the cultural field. The research data confirmed the thesis that the interaction between tourism and creative economy may constitute a possibility for the cultural development of Mozambique. This would be the case of the advances and reforms achieved in the elaboration of a legal framework for tourism and culture, which may lead the country to achieve cultural development. However, there are still some challenges that need to be overcome in order to expand the substantive freedoms of cultural agents participating in the creative economy circuit, as the tradition of a cultural policy marked by the hegemony of the political-administrative and economic dimensions still prevails, which needs to be replaced by a systemic-organizational vision that recognizes the complementarity of the various dimensions of culture and, by this means, promotes horizontal processes, such as the greater engagement of local communities in the planning and management of tourism and culture policies. Given that debates on creative economy are emerging in the Mozambican public sphere, cultural networks are still weak and it is necessary to expand them and strengthen their power to overcome difficulties in funding or promoting and integrating cultural activities into tourism and to improve transparency in the management processes of public funds for culture. There are some initiatives in Maputo City that seek to bring schools and cultural heritage closer together, but there is still no museum culture and it is urgent to invest in heritage education actions in schools, promotion of the vast cultural heritage so that it is appreciated, valued and consumed by national citizens and subsequently integrated into the tourist experience. The systemic-organizational look at the synergies between tourism and culture has allowed us to understand the social dynamics and contradictions, power relations and processes of resistance to hegemonic discourses on economic growth, in a context in which tourism is signaling the integration of culture, creativity, memory, traditions and experiences of local and remote communities towards social emancipation, solidarity, humanization of tourism practices and cultural development.

The tourist activity interacts with different sectors of society and is responsible for moving localities through different perspectives. The factors that influence the effects that tourism can have on a given society are strongly related to its planning and management. It is imperative that local managers seek to carry out programs and projects that include the community in tourism development. In recent decades, several studies and theories have sought to understand the evolutionary process of tourist activity in destinations, as well as its positive and negative impacts. Therefore, this thesis aims to analyze the perceptions of residents about tourism development, currently and for the next five years, in the light of the theory of the evolutionary process of tourism advocated by Butler (1980), which suggests a life cycle of tourist areas, presenting an “S” base curve, emphasizing in the illustration the undulation of tourist activity. He explains that there are at least six phases present in this cycle: exploration, involvement, development, consolidation, stagnation, and rejuvenation or decline. An approach was taken to the formulation of Brazilian Public Tourism Policies and National Tourism Plans as a criterion for understanding the development of tourist destinations and thus evaluate the resident's perception in relation to the activity from the different levels of tourism development in the localities and the dimensions of sustainability with a focus on environmental, cultural, social and economic developments. The research is characterized as exploratory-descriptive, with a quantitative approach, survey type, cross- sectional. Data collected by the DEL Turismo Program were used (IDEL – FECOMÉRCIO RN-MS, FACISC, FECAM, FEDERAMINAS, FIEAC) – 2019-2022 and, made available for the purposes of this study. The program that was implemented in 2019 in the State of Rio Grande do Norte and expanded to the five Brazilian regions, divided into 06 states and 21 municipalities, has a database with 1.247 respondents, all residing in their destinations. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics using the Statistical Package for Social Science software (SPSS 22.0). Among the results, it was observed that residents have high perceptions of positive impacts and low perceptions of negative impacts, moreover, they perceive tourism as an alternative to increase local sustainability levels through development in the environmental, cultural, social and economic areas.

In the midst of constant transformations in marketing – which have demanded the development of strategies that

reach the diverse consumer public –Digital Content Marketing (MCD) emerges, in the market and in the academic 

literature, as an innovative technique for the dissemination of goods. and services, especially because traditional 

advertising no longer fulfills its role as before, and the consumer often has discernment of the “intrusive role” it plays. 

In this sense, this thesis aims to contribute to filling theoretical gaps with regard to the role of the MCD as a promotional 

tool in the travel planning process of tourist consumers. This study was carried out in the light of three main theories:

Advertising Value, Relevance and Brand Loyalty. As a methodological procedure, an experimental research was used, in

which two groups of respondents (treatment and control) were assigned to participate in two phases of data collection 

that took place in an interval of one week. As stimuli for the treatment group, MCD contents of a Brazilian tourist destination 

were used, in order to perceive the differentiation of their perceptions, in addition to the perceptions compared to the control 

group, which did not receive any type of stimulus in addition to of external variables. Data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS 

and AMOS software, and the main techniques employed were: Student's t test for paired and independent samples, as well as 

Structural Equation Modeling. The results of the t Tests indicated that SCM stimuli are able to increase feelings of loyalty and

 intention to travel to the destination, and the Structural Equation Modeling identified antecedent factors of the intention to travel 

to tourist destinations, namely: informativeness, entertainment, credibility , personalization, perceived value, relevance and loyalty,

 based on a main model and a proposed alternative model. Thus, this work provides theoretical and managerial contributions, as it 

proposes a new concept of MCD and presents recommendations for organizations and tourist destinations to use this technique

assertively.

Understand tourism as dynamic and complex leads to assuming interdisciplinarity as a path to expanded inferences about this as a social phenomenon. This leads to understanding it. Assuming these questions means reflecting on an epistemology of tourism that is made cross-border sliding their understanding from the contingencies that form the discourses from the position of the subjects. To analyse the discursive social practice present at the intersection tourism, protected natural areas and native peoples from the understanding of elements arising from the emergence of the processes of resistance and ethnogenesis in the indigenous territory Eleotérios do Catu/ RN/ Brazil is the objective of this work. Foucault’s inspiration is presented as a lens to observe this reality taking as a motto for a procedural analytical approach located in critical studies in tourism. The investigative paths taken are based on a methodological path that was not stopped throughout the process. This incorporates documentary analysis from primary and secondary sources. The former are tied to institutional information linked to the themes analysed. On Mondays, from the Narrative Literature Review (RNL) and the Systematic Literature Review (RSL). Considering the empirical field of observation, the strategies assumed were participant observation, semi-structured interviews with residents and through a focus group with visitors. These steps used filmic ethnography as a mechanism of understanding, as well as remote platforms of social interaction. In addition, it was also possible to register informal dialogues with state representatives both through messaging applications and from visits to agencies, along with institutional requests via offices issued by the Post-State Program Degree in Tourism from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (PPGTUR/UFRN). The results show that understanding the discursive social practice in the Territory Eleóterios do Catu leads to realize the process of resumption and ethnogenesis present in that space situating the discourses in the political perspective of resistance of native peoples. This makes the characteristics of the reception of visitors held there configure as another strategy of self-affirmation and self-recognition of the people who inhabit the territory. Thus, articulating the knowledge/do of tourist and recreational practices among the Potiguaras do Katu refers to the understanding of the European colonization process and the invisibilities resulting from it. This needs to dialogue with another reality involved in the discursive practice of the territory, the fact that it is inserted in the National System of Conservation Units (SNUC) as part of the Piquiri-Una Environmental Protection Area (APAPU) which demands compliance with the normative devices located there. These can often still bring elements of the hegemonic discourse of nature conservation of the twentieth century that disregards the voice of resident populations, so that incorporating the voice of native peoples in the decision-making process of managing such spaces is what is expected of man-nature relations in the 21st century. This is what lies in the logbook presented here, a discussion that reflects on the need for dialogue between protected natural areas and native peoples to better think/ make the planning and management of tourism.

The central issue of this research focuses on the MTur's budgetary programming. The delimitation of a budget can be considered a power struggle between interest groups, as it involves the allocation of public resources that directly affect different spheres and scopes of society and social groups. The determination of the public budget can also be influenced by the political and economic circumstances of the country, as well as the predilections of the government. In this sense, the general objective of the research is to analyze how the budget process affects the institutional capacity of the Ministry of Tourism to fulfill its attributions with regard to its role in the development of tourism in the country in the period from 2003 to 2022. theory for the interpretation of this thesis was the Theory of Punctuated Equilibrium. To meet the research objectives, it is a qualitative and quantitative approach. With regard to technical procedures, bibliographical and documentary research will be used. To complement and even ratify the theoretical discussion adopted in this work, an empirical investigation and respective analysis was carried out with servants who work in the Ministry of Tourism, analysis of MTur reports sent to the Federal Audit Court (TCU) and data from the budget of the said ministry in the Integrated Planning and Budget System (Siop). Data triangulation was also used, a research methodology that combines different data collection methods, different populations (or samples), different theoretical perspectives and different moments in time, to consolidate conclusions about the phenomenon being investigated. According to the analyses, it can be seen that not all of the MTur's attributions and competences are contemplated in the resource allocation, since infrastructure and promotion have been the main beneficiaries of the Union's budget resources. of political support may hinder the execution of the budget of the Ministry of Tourism. Several areas of the MTur remain short of employees, a situation aggravated by the restriction on holding new public tenders, there is a need for personnel in the units that are responsible for analyzing and rendering accounts for agreements and similar instruments, research in tourism, supervision of works, accounting activities, among other areas that develop final activities of the Ministry. From the above, it was possible to perceive that the budgetary execution of the Ministry of Tourism in the period from 2003 to 2022 suffered several internal and external influences, that there are flaws in the budgetary execution and that the Mtur needs to undergo a restructuring.

The objective of this research is to understand the social, environmental, and economic impacts of landing use that aims the development of insular areas with the practice of tourism in riverside communities on the Combu Island (Belém - Pará). Therefore, this is a case study. As specific objectives, this research has aims to: a) Characterize government actions and policies and their reverberations in social, environmental, and economic impacts on Protected Natural Areas in the process of implementing tourism on the Combu Island; b) Identify the perception of agents involved with Combu Island regarding the tourism phenomenon as a factor for local development; c) Discuss tourism as a tool for local development on the Combu Island. Amartya Sen's capacity approach and how development can be achieved according to this perspective served as the basis for the analysis and discussion of data collected on the local development process and the relationship with tourism in Protected Natural Areas (PNA). This approach suggests that development is measured in terms of the opportunity to access civil rights, education and health services, and participation in the local economy, which enables to have security and freedom to choose what your individual priorities are. In methodological terms, this study has a qualitative and quantitative approach, with bibliographical, documental, and field research. To carry out the bibliographical and documentary research, scientific publications and institutional documents were used. The field research included the techniques of applying forms and conducting semi-structured interviews with the local tourist market, the government and civil society. Content analysis was used to analyze documents, interviews, descriptive statistical analysis and interpretation of the forms applied. The analyzed documental data pointed to the facts that there is an absence of public policies on the Combu Island, the specific actions that exists reaches only the economic sphere, demonstrating a weakness in action planning. It was identified that the island has several problems in social, cultural, environmental and economic spheres, factors such as the inertia of the government in providing public policies that order the public use of the area, which influence the extension of the deficiencies. It was also identified that there is a lack of integration and communication between the public bodies and the responsibilities of each one, in addition, there is a low investment in human and financial resources. Public authorities and the residents of the island involved in tourism activities see tourism as something positive, due to the generation of employment and income. However, the inhabitants of the island who are not involved in tourism consider that the activity only generates advantages for part of the population. Finally, the inhabitants of the island that participated in this survey pointed out that tourism has a positive contribution to economic opportunities, however, access to the economic dimension alone does not reflect the development of a society. In relation to political freedoms, residents consider that their participation in decisions that directly impact their lives is insufficient. Regarding social opportunities, the inhabitants of the Combu Island do not have conditions to achieve their substantive freedoms, such as access to education and health, in addition, other quality social services are also neglected.

The Covid-19 pandemic caused restrictions on air and road travel and destinations located in the mountains became a kind of refuge and also for those who, after the most critical period of social isolation, felt the need to leave home and travel. The mountains located close to large urban centers constituted favorable environments for a demand that sought to escape from urban agglomerations and sought locations with more rural characteristics, tranquility and quality of life, found in small towns. The objective of the present research was to analyze the strategies of public and private agents in the face of the health crisis resulting from Covid-19 in mountain tourist locations in the Brazilian Northeast. A descriptive-exploratory study was carried out to characterize and dimension tourism, with a qualitative and quantitative approach, based on an analysis of the tourist regions of the mountains listed in the Mapa do Turismo Brasileiro in the previous period and during the pandemic (from 2017 to 2022), with field observations and interviews in the municipalities of Gravatá (PE), Baturité and Guaramiranga (CE), Martins, Portalegre and Serra de São Bento (RN). The public sector's strategies to face the pandemic in the analyzed destinations were in the sense of creating a regulatory framework (laws and decrees), in addition to sanitary barriers. The private sector, on the other hand, acted to train itself and ensure the adoption of biosafety measures and protocols, especially in lodging and food establishments. The pandemic caused a temporary suspension of services, with job losses and the closure of companies, but the tourist demand in the mountains had a slight change, with a reduction of groups, but the flows were gradually resumed, based on the demand itself and the pressure from tourism entrepreneurs. Despite the crisis, the pandemic also presented positive aspects, mainly related to health care during travel and the concern about human agglomerations, although it did not generate planning actions that foresee new crisis scenarios. The pandemic also boosted the emergence of a new tourist destination in the Potiguar mountains: Polo Serras do Agreste Potiguar.

Due to the nature of its operations, tourism has faced several economic and environmental crises, and more recently, the health crisis of COVID-19, which changed the way of living in society and brought challenges to organizational management. In this sense, work relations have been weakened, highlighting the need of development practices aimed at quality of working life, as a way to reduce stressors and poor working conditions, in addition to strengthening protection against risks to the employee's health. Given this context, the present research aims to analyze the quality of working life in means of accommodation, from the implementation of health safety protocols resulting from the pandemic COVID-19. The foundation of the proposed theme is supported by the BPSO-96 model, by Limongi-França (1996) with a biopsychosocial focus and by Walton's (1973) eight criteria for assessing quality of working life. Therefore, the starting point was a systematic literature review, based on the Knowledge Development Process - Constructivist (ProKnow-C) methodology. The empirical investigation was carried out through a qualitative approach, with the method of multiple case studies in a hotel located in Ponta Negra and two resorts on the via Costeira in Natal/RN, combined with semi-structured interviews with HR managers, lodging/quality coordinators, receptionists and chambermaids, as well as documentary research and participant observation. The data were examined through thematic content analysis, proposed by Bardin (1977) and methodological triangulation between different methods, which made it possible to show that the biosecurity protocols of COVID-19 were adequate to the environments and offered more care and safety to workers to perform their functions. It is concluded, therefore, that although they have contributed to an increase in workload and emotional stress, the protocols implemented had a positive impact, because they brought confidence when returning to their activities. The research brings contributions to people management, since the dimensions of the BPSO model that were most present in the employees' perception were identified, and points were made for improvements on QWL.  From this knowledge produced, managers may have a practical direction and define policies that directly reach the needs and satisfaction of workers.

As an alternative for the implementation of tourist activity that values people, their history and culture, as well as that has been designed to promote better quality of life and responsible development, Community-Based Tourism has become the object of study of the research in evidence. It is worth mentioning, in this perspective, that we chose to use storytelling because it is the “art of telling unforgettable stories”, which would allow us to understand about the history and experiences from the perception of the quilombolas of each studied community. Benchmarking, in turn, was chosen because it is considered a tool to search for the best management practices of an activity or entity that is used as a model for similar implementation, adapting to the reality of each location. Considering the time frame, it is worth noting that the field research was carried out in 2018 and 2019, in addition to remote interviews (online) in 2020. It is also worth emphasizing that 2 (two) quilombola communities from the Seridó Region were chosen because they are the best known and most representative, namely: Quilombola Community Negros do Riacho (Currais Novos/RN) and Quilombola Community Boa Vista dos Negros (Parelhas/RN). Therefore, the general objective of this thesis was: to study the capacities for tourism management in the quilombola communities "Negros do Riacho" (Currais Novos/RN) and "Boa Vista dos Negros" (Parelhas/RN). It was, therefore, a research with a qualitative approach, with a descriptive and exploratory character. To this end, collection techniques were chosen for each specific objective listed, which have been: documentary research, bibliographic research, interview, Collective Subject Discourse (CSD), participant observation, Participatory Rapid Diagnosis (DRP) and, more significantly, storytelling and benchmarking. As analysis techniques, content analysis and discourse analysis were used. As main results, we can highlight that the sociocultural peculiarities, the experiences and the heritage (material and immaterial) make the quilombola communities in favorable spaces for a shared management and for the development of Community-Based Tourism in Seridó Potiguar. In addition, it was found that it is possible to use models (benchmarking) for the implementation of Locally Based Tourism activities with an emphasis on what was carried out in the city of Conde/PB, with emphasis on the Quilombola Ipiranga Community and Sítio Tambaba Camping (Tambaba Settlement, in Povoado Gurugi), realities that may reflect for the elaboration and direction of tourism development and management strategies in other traditional communities in the Seridó Region and in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. In the end, it can be concluded that storytelling and benchmarking are possible alternatives to be applied to the shared management of tourism through Community Based Tourism in Seridó Potiguar.

The objective of this thesis is to present a study on the symbolic value of cachaça as a heritage and its relationship with tourist activities in the state of Rio Grande do Norte/Brazil and in the Douro Valley/Portugal region - where the wine routes are already consolidated. Supported by historical studies related to the tourism sector, especially with regard to gastronomy, Brazilian cachaça and Portuguese brandy, to contribute to the construction of identities, by weaving social, political and economic relationships, it is considered a tourist product capable of providing new destinations. In the Brazilian case, the “Rota da Cachaça Potiguar” included 5 (five) stills located in the East Potiguar and Seridó regions, namely: Engenho Mucambo, Engenho Extrema, Alambique Samanaú, Engenho Papary and Alambique Beira Rio. In the Portuguese case, based on research by the University of Lisbon, 5 (five) visitation points were selected that are part of the “Rota dos Vinhos do Douro”. Thus, it was necessary to consider the trajectory of the stills, periods of greater production and insertion in the tourist market. It was, therefore, a comparative study between two different routes, with documentary surveys and observations in field visits, having a qualitative approach with a descriptive and exploratory character, contemplating articulations between heritage, identity and tourism. It is hoped that this thesis can collaborate to build knowledge on the subject in question, from the perspective that the routes were analyzed, which can foster the development and diversification in the offer of tourist services offered by producers, cachaceiros, travel agents and other sectors, directly and indirectly, related to the implementation of tourist activity. Furthermore, this study brought new discussions and strategic suggestions for a better management of these routes.

Innovation in the educational system arises in order to redesign a recurrent educational model from past decades. Currently, the use of Active Methodologies (AMs), Educational Technologies (ETs), and Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DICTs) in teaching has been a strong ally in the teaching-learning process, and also an essential and inspiring tool for the new educational paradigms. The issue presented in this study relies on theoretical and practical assessments upon mediated teaching, mostly due to the absence of innovative pedagogical practices in the teaching training of postgraduate students, reflected by the teachers’ limitations on the use of technologies in teaching. Therefore, college professors, as educators’ trainers, need to be in constant interaction with educational trends, new work systems, and continuous reinvention, as well as creating new methodological propositions in the classroom, especially when reflecting on the new world scenario. In this context, this research aims to analyze the perception of postgraduate professors in Tourism in Brazil upon the use of Active Methodologies, Educational Technologies, and Digital Information and Communication Technologies as innovative pedagogical practices in teaching. The corpus of the research is designed to help professors align their teaching methodologies with the scenario of innovations of the twenty-first century. Moreover, it is expected that this study assists students’ formation with regard to their learning process as students, and that they reflect on the applicability of methods that enhance the contents which will be developed in the classroom during their teaching career. This study has an exploratory-descriptive nature and a quantitative approach. The theoretical survey was carried out through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), which supported the presented proposal and confirmed the need to carry out this study in the field of Tourism teaching. The research instrument is mainly based on the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) model, which has been used in several studies in the educational field to identify types of knowledge that should converge so that teachers may align their pedagogical practices to the use of AMs, ETs, and DICTs in their teaching proposals. The data were analyzed through both descriptive and content analyses with the aid of SPSS statistical software. From the results, the research indicated that in recent times there has been a significant acceleration in the insertion process of AMs, ETs, and the use of DICTs in teaching, especially in higher education, which promotes new pedagogical practices. However, the scenario indicates that there are still great challenges in terms of adequate infrastructure, teacher training, implementation of new teaching methods and proposals, and curriculum revision, among other challenges that also need to be overcome.

Discussions about public policies and tourism are essential to understand the tourism planning and development process as it’s these policies that often induce the paths taken to improve tourism. In the global context, it’s already possible to experience negative reflexes of the development model thought based on tourism in the receiving communities and, with this, generating challenging consequences. This movement has occurred periodically in historic centers in Brazil. However, public programs and projects that have been launched since the 1970s seeks to create new dynamics for Brazilian historical centers. Inserted in this urban context, the ports of the Northeast region have historical connections with the capitals of each state. To reflect the economic, social, political, and cultural movement between ports and cities is to think about how cities developed under the surroundings of maritime terminals. Associated with Brazilian policies and with the advent of the FIFA World Cup 2014 the cities of Natal, Salvador, Fortaleza and Recife had the implementation of Passenger Maritime Terminals - PMTs in the local ports. The PMTs emerge to provide a new dynamic for tourism and surroundings covering it beyond the departure and arrival of passengers by sea. For the research, we take the Ribeira neighbourhood and the PMT of Porto de Natal to portray a beginning of more intrinsic relations between individuals that add up in the political arena since the revitalization policies of historic centers with the port area gain visibility when perceiving this area as a potential for social and, above all, tourism development. The goal of this research is to understand the formation of the political arena defined for the construction and operation of the Maritime Passenger Terminal of Port of Natal. The research techniques used in this research are the application of Offe's (1981) theory regarding the conception of a political arena, as well as the discourse analysis proposed by Pêcheux (1997), taking the place of the subjects interviewed in the plot of their speeches, contexts, and ideologies. In the same measure, Bourdieu's theory (1989, 2004, 2007, 2011, 2019) was also sought to understand the habitus and field of social agents involved in the process of building the PMTs political arena. Besides, we also used the issue-attention cycle of Downs (1972) to understand the process of implementation and execution of the public policy for the implementation of the PMT in the Port of Natal. In addition to Lindón's (2008, 2008a) theory of specialized violence to understand the process of depreciation of the Ribeira neighbourhood in connection with the PMT. With this context, we conclude that it is necessary to transcend the understanding of tourism that concerns the part of the public administration and must face tourism as a complex and dynamic phenomenon that embraces several agents in the planning and execution process. We also observed that the agents that are involved in the arenas that came from the PMT are random in the field with few connections but with approximate ideologies. Also, as an impact of the process of devaluation of the Ribeira neighbourhood, it was found that the PMT is isolated in the context of the area and most of the attractions of the historic circuit are in terrible conditions of cleaning, also maintenance and access and they don’t have security equipment.

The objective of the study is to evaluate the repercussions of Seridó Aspiring Geopark (GAS) in the local development of Seridó Oriental potiguar. The specific objectives are: a) to describe activities carried out by GAS related to the local tourist trade; b) describe the performance of GAS related to the educational sector in the territory and; c) describe the conservation actions in the GAS geosites. The study is characterized as descriptive, with a qualitative approach and the research strategy used concerns the case study. For data collection, the methodology developed by Carvalho (2013) is based on the three pillars of a geopark (conservation, education and geotourism). The author used the methodology to evaluate 10 years (2000-2010) of activities in the geological heritage and in the local community of the Lesvos Petrified Forest Geopark (Greece) and in this work, the contribution of GAS to the local development of its territory will be qualitatively evaluated based on these three indicators. As instruments for data collection, documentary research and interviews are used. Thus, several local actors were interviewed who carry out activities related to the geopark aspirant's territory. In the results, in the field of conservation of geosites, some actions were identified in order to protect the geological heritage, such as, for example, municipal laws, wooden walkways for the protection of rock paintings in archaeological sites, environmental education signage and maintenance of structures in some geosites, and event with the theme of conservation of the environment. Regarding the activities carried out by GAS in the educational sector, there are several actions, such as: educational projects, informational lives, lectures, academic events, GAS cordel, mini-courses, public hearings, local and regional fairs, extension project and academic research. In geotourism, GAS 'partnership with various actors and local tourism companies such as travel and tourism agencies, entrepreneurs in the food and beverage industry, artisans, guides and local tourism conductors and means of accommodation. Some of these already existed and became partners of GAS and others were created with the incentive of the aspiring geopark. In this sense, GAS contributes to the territory of Seridó Oriental potiguar through conservation, education and geotourism by carrying out the activities emphasized in this work, thus, these three pillars are aligned with the concept of local development of Villacorta (1997) and Buarque (2002). So GAS in its 10 years of creation and development collaborates for the local development of the population of Seridó in aspects, mainly, environmental, social and economic through its activities with the actors and local tourist companies.

The purpose of this study is develop tourist routes for the Aspirant Seridó Geopark, in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Northeast Brazil, in order to foster the development of sustainable tourism in the territory, seeking to analyze the involvement of different actors in the participatory process of creation. The search for the construction of regional development through tourism involves the elaboration of numerous steps that together result in the promotion of tourism. The elaboration of tourist itineraries, one of these stages, meets the needs of visitors and presents the regional identity of the locality, resulting in the stimulation of the regionalization of tourism, where the territory is analyzed as a social transformer, and not only identified as a territorial space. Regarding the methodological procedures, this was an exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Questionnaires were applied and interviews were held with actors who play roles in the elaboration and commercialization of tourist itineraries for the territory of the Aspirant Seridó Geopark and with the community, besides the use of bibliographic review and research in scientific articles, dissertations, theses and books on the theme. With that, it was reached the development of three routes, contemplating the whole territory of the Aspirant Seridó Geopark, subdivided by regions that facilitate the logistic aspects and that, at the same time, can be worked in an integrated way: Rout Seridó North, Rout Seridó Central and Rout Seridó South, with objectives achieved as to the valuation of the environmental, cultural and social aspects of the region and the generation of sustainable development, taking into consideration the opinion of the local communities. It is expected that the creation of the mentioned tourist routes will provide a better social insertion of the community in the tourist activities, promote the community empowerment and strengthen the tourist activity, taking into consideration the existing cultural diversity and the possibility of increasing the local revenue in a sustainable way.

The present study aims to indicate sustainability in tourism systems as an investigative paradigm, starting from the hypothesis that this paradigm observes the changing perspective that constitutes the phenomenon of tourism, according to the heterogeneity of the multiplicity and mutability of its interrelations. It considers the context and markers of applicability of the research, as there is a rupture in the global dynamics of tourism (Covid-19). This implies the ability to measure a new dynamic, which forces destinations to "reconfigurations" - OMT (2020) to resume tourist activities. Given these implications, the sustainable "decade of action" marker by the 2020- UN Agenda (2030). With this, it is problematized and aims to study how sustainability is constituted in tourism systems - investigative paradigms, from the hermeneutic perspective. This is a qualitative research, submitted to the hermeneutic method (Gadamer, 1998), which is limited by aligning the corpus markers of knowledge in tourism (sustainability) and emergence of tourism systems between 1960 and 2020. This study is based on the theory of competitive sustainability Ritchie and Crouch (2003). The empirical field consists of primary data originated from the indexing and codification of the investigated systems through their sustainability facets and secondary data. Extracted by the collection of annual observatory of the OMT (2020), resulting in the corpus of eighty-five documents - general communications and sustainability actions. As for the technical procedures adopted, documentary analysis and discourse analysis - French current Pêcheux (1997), supported by the Software Iramuteq version 0.7, is used. Results: in relation to the organization and scope of the facets of sustainability, except for the Cuervo system (1967) the investigated systems are based on the facets: economic, social, environmental and cultural. Thus, sustainability in tourism systems is characterized by the transcendence of these facets between systems. By analyzing this characterization by the evolution of the discussion of sustainability in the delimited knowledge platforms, we conclude the unfolding of these facets evolving in part of the systems. Moreover, when verifying this evolution with the demands of sustainability, there are other limitations in the scope of these systems. As for the social and/or technological facets for example, it is specified the unfolding of this facet by the Cuervo system (1967) in relation to human rights - international jurisdiction. This development is not clear in any of the current systems investigated, with this, there is a demand for the "new international code to provide greater legal protection for tourists" OMT (2020). Other indicators of the social facet, in relation to the human dimension, this scope was incorporated by Molina (1991) in the phenomenological perspective and in 2017 by the Beni ecosystem (complexity theory). This social unfolding - human character, raises the expectation for the multiple indicators raised in this study, corroborates the perspective of tourism as a social practice, in the direction of "sustainable tourism in its restart" (OMT,2020). In this direction, the System of Sessa (1988) by intertwining the economic facet with the social facet, opportunistics the perspective of the transfer of income flow reflecting regional development, job creation and rebalancing. This is in line with sustainability indicators. It should also be emphasized the cultural facet of the Cuervo system (1967) that unfolds for - tourism as a promoter of communication, in this sense, tourism as a platform of the culture of sustainability OMT (2020). It is concluded the partial applicability of these systems in the face of the marker- decade sustainable action 2020 - 2030. This research contributes to the survey of predictive indicators in the direction of tourism as a sustainable Socioeconomic practice.

Tourism mobilizes the productive sectors of goods and services worldwide, requiring the work of numerous categories. The accommodation facilities sector is considered one of those basic segments of tourism, since, added to the transport segment and tourist attractions, it constitutes what is understood by tourism product. In the framework of fierce competition and the free market, with the emergence of new arrangements and business models, the importance of price for the hosting segment brings challenges to be overcome, daily, by managers. These challenges permeate the functionalities of a hotel organization chart, and permeate spaces not yet structured, but of paramount importance for profitability, and in the medium term, for the profitability of a company. In this contemporary scenario, the present work has as its central objective, to identify the indicators of the eco-innovative pricing strategies adopted by medium and large-sized lodging facilities, in order to propose the formulation of an analysis instrument. The specific objectives are: a) To identify the main pricing strategies in means of accommodation, based on a survey of existing literature; b) Correlate existing pricing strategies with environmental practices and eco-innovations developed in hosting; c) To propose an analysis tool for the identification of pricing strategies and eco-innovations in means of accommodation. The methodological assumptions applied to this work are presented, of a descriptive nature, from a historical-conceptual review of the theme, and of an exploratory nature from the research of a new fact, event or practice, such as the interrelation of the information systems. environmental management (SGA) and competitiveness among the surveyed means of accommodation. The study also adopts the interpretative epistemological stance, as it aims to obtain a deep understanding of the studied themes, listing, for that, a qualitative approach to data. In this bias and for greater research reliability, a pilot test was applied among hoteliers in the city of Natal-RN, preceding the final stage of collection, where 61 respondents nationwide participated in the survey. In this step, factor analysis of the data was used, with validation of the scales based on the calculation of Cronbach's Alpha coefficient among the proposed indicators. In order to consider the most important variables in the analysis of the factors, Bartlett's sphericity test and the Sample adequacy measure - KMO were used. For the rotation of these factorial loads, the Varimax method was chosen, as it has greater interpretability potential. The results of this study show that eco-innovations appear in the current sustainable context (triple bottom line) in conjecture with the reduction of costs and construction of the image of hosting companies, thus emerging as one of the pricing strategies. Seven factors were identified with higher factor loads, thereby explaining 71.97% of the cumulative sums of load extraction squared.

Currently, the individual-organization relationship has had its importance increasingly recognized in the field of organizational identity, being also a strategy to make companies more competitive. Human Resources Practices and their representation in Organizational Culture are examples of components recognized as valuable for the success of a company. In the hospitality industry, online reputation is a way of measuring organizational success, as it allows measuring Customer Satisfaction. However, the relationship between Human Resources Practices, Organizational Culture and Guest Satisfaction in Brazilian hotels is still unknown. Understanding such connections allows to achieve the knowledge that helps the conceptual relationships applied to this branch of hospitality in Brazil. Thus, the aim of this research is to evaluate the relationship between Human Resources Practices, Organizational Culture and Guest Satisfaction in Brazilian hotels and, based on this relationship, to assist the management of Strategic People Management in this segment. This is a descriptive study, with a quantitative approach, in which questionnaires were applied in 104 hotels of 4- and 5-stars categories and Brazilian resorts present on the TripAdvisor website. The research was carried out in two stages: the first, with managers or those responsible for the Human Resources of the hotels, through the Human Resources Practices questionnaire by Nadda et al. (2014) and the Bavik Organizational Culture questionnaire (2016); and the second, with the analysis of the general scores that these hotels received on the online reputation site TripAdvisor. The data were evaluated using descriptive statistical techniques and structural equation modeling. The results revealed a positive relationship between Human Resources practices, Organizational Culture and Guest Satisfaction in Brazilian hotels. Human Resources Practices contribute to shaping Organizational Culture and, consequently, achieving Guest Satisfaction. Isolated, the constructs are not related to Guest Satisfaction, requiring a mutual relationship for this achievement, showing the interdependence between HR Practices and Culture. In this research, Organizational Culture contributed to the relationship, but did not play the role of mediator, thus creating an adequate understanding of organizational achievements. It is also expected to contribute to the academic progress of the topics studied. The results allowed to deepen the academic studies of Strategic People Management, as well as to understand how this relationship works, in order to assist the management of hotel organizations in favor of organizational results, especially aimed at Guest Satisfaction.

The growth and development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) influenced tourism activity and the behavior of tourists. The online buying process is constantly transformed by disruptive innovations or technologies. Online  studies about purchases of tourism products and services, which aim to understand what compels tourists purchase on the Internet are divided and fragmented, requiring frequent and updated research to better understand the issue. In order to understand consumer behavior in the context of emerging technologies, this paper proposes to integrate different theories: Unified Theory of Technology Acceptance and Use 2 (UTAUT), Dominant Service Logic - Co-creation, Brand Value, Perceived Quality, Image and the Brand awareness. Therefore, the study aims to specify a structural relationship model to investigate the existing interrelationships between the variables capable of influencing the intention to purchase tourism products and services online via On-line Travel Agencies (OTA). Therefore, this is an explanatory-descriptive, bibliographic and analytical research with a quantitative approach through a cross-sectional study. The study used the Software Statistical Package for Social Sciences 22 to test and validate the model. The analysis was performed through Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling using the AMOS package. Data collection was carried out using online questionnaires. The target audience of the study was individuals who use the internet to plan and buy travel services and products online. In all, 827 questionnaires were collected, 695 of which were considered valid for empirically testing the modeling. From the twelve hypotheses tested, eight were confirmed and four were refuted. The results indicated that consumers evaluate prices, ease of use, resources and support available on websites and applications, usefulness, and also consider brand equity, brand image and brand quality to purchase tourism products and services through OTAs. It is important to highlight the constructs that most directly influenced the online purchase intention for tourism products and services were Price and Brand Equity. While the constructs that most influenced Brand Equity were Brand Quality and Image. Finally, the survey results provided information for managers, entrepreneurs and researchers, who strive to understand consumer behavior online in relation to the intention to purchase tourism products and services through OTAs.

The aim of this study was to analyze the existing interrelationships between antecedents capable of influencing the entrepreneurial intention of higher education students in Tourism. Therefore, a structural model was proposed that integrates the Theory of Planned Behavior (TCP) and the constructs Institutional Environment, Entrepreneurial Learning, Family Experience and Macroenvironment. The research is characterized as exploratory-descriptive with a mixed, quantitative and qualitative approach. The study population were students of higher education courses in tourism from public institutions, including universities and institutes. The sample consisted of 470 students from bachelor's degrees in tourism and technology in tourism management. Data collection was performed through questionnaires applied online. In addition to applying the questionnaires, an analysis of the pedagogical projects of the courses that participated in the research was carried out, using the technique of content analysis. From this analysis, it was identified that most courses offer the discipline of entrepreneurship as mandatory or optional, and the most cited words in their menus were business plan, opportunities, tourism, entrepreneurial characteristics, concepts and entrepreneurial process. Through contact with the coordinators, it was possible to obtain information that most of the courses have a junior company. These analyzed aspects are considered as an incentive to the entrepreneurial education of tourism students. To analyze the data collected by the questionnaires, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Structural Equation Modeling were performed, in two steps: analysis of the measurement model (Confirmatory Factor Analysis – CFA) and analysis of the structural model. The results obtained indicate a strong correlation between attitude and entrepreneurial learning, and a moderate correlation between perceived behavioral control and entrepreneurial learning. There were strong correlations between attitude and entrepreneurial learning with the entrepreneurial intention of the interviewees. The results of this study indicate the need for greater attention in choosing strategies to encourage entrepreneurship, as entrepreneurial training not only benefits the training of tourism students to open a business, but also encourages students to develop their skills through learning collaborative, emphasizing innovation, creativity and networking.

A tourist destination should not be considered sustainable if it is not accessible, as these are convergent themes because they address common issues, such as social participation, citizenship, human rights, among others. Based on this assumption and in view of the existence of a gap identified in the literature, the main objective of the thesis was to develop an instrument to assessing the level of sustainable development of tourism in coastal destinations, which would consider accessibility commitments, in order to contribute to categorize these destinations and generate subsidies for public policies with this approach. Guided by multiparadigm theoretical-philosophical conceptions, the methodological framework of the thesis involved distinct phases with different bibliographical, documentary and field research. The relevance of this proposal is due to the possibility and need to update and advance existing evaluation models for sustainable tourism development, which should be guided by an increasingly social and inclusive bias. The direct contributions of this thesis include the theoretical proposition of the term "accessible sustainability" and its empirical unfolding that are operationalized by the Assessment Model of Accessible Sustainability for Coastal Destinations (MASA) whose results culminate in the Accessible Sustainability Index (ISA) that can indicate how close they are to being effectively making a destination that develops sustainable tourism. In order to validate the MASA, the indicators that compose it, were applied in Natal/RN, a coastal destination of national relevance. This empirical verification allowed preliminary attest the feasibility of this instrument, since it provided results embodied in what is proposed by the MASA. It requires, however, wide application in other coastal destinations, in addition to continued monitoring for possible adjustments, since evaluation models should be tools susceptible to constant social adequacies.

With the rise of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), there have been many changes in interpersonal and commercial relationships around the world. ICTs facilitate business transactions through networking with business partners, distribution of services and products, as well as providing information to consumers worldwide, which facilitates the relationship between companies and their employees, suppliers and customers. The present work aims to investigate the existing relationships between variables capable of influencing the business performance of travel agencies based on the relationships facilitated by the use of ICT. For this, a research instrument was developed containing variables and dimensions based on the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) theory and on the theoretical model Relationships and Business Performance (RE-BP), adapting a measurement model and developing a structural model. In order to achieve the proposed objectives, an exploratory, hypothetical-deductive research, of a descriptive nature, with a quantitative treatment was developed. The method chosen to capture the data was the application of 636 questionnaires with the managers of travel agencies in the Northeast and Southeast regions of Brazil. The data obtained were treated by descriptive and inferential statistics, with the help of SPSS and the AMOS package, version 22.0. From the results it is possible to confirm satisfactory adjustment rates and factor loads for the proposed structural model. Thus, the study concludes that travel agencies should use ICTs to facilitate their relations with their employees, suppliers and customers, whose strategies allow for better business performance.

In the eagerness to understand the tourist experience, that construct emerges as a key concept for the Field of Tourism Studies, immersed in the middle of incessant academic debates between the perspectives of the Human and Social Sciences and those from Marketing and Management. The search for a consensus on the dimensions and phases of the mentioned construct becomes complex due to its subjective load and the diversity of gazes. On the other hand, besides influencing tourists’ decision-making process, user-generated content on the Internet (UGC) is also a pathway to reconstruct the memorable tourist experience (MTE). In the recent years, Argentina represented the main international outbound tourists’ market for the destination Natal. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the dimensions of the MTE of Argentines who visited the destination Natal (Brazil) reflected in the UGC published by those visitors. To achieve that, an exploratory and descriptive research is presented from the argentine tourist’s perspective reflected in UGC published in the virtual community TripAdvisor, complemented with a systematized review of international literature. Data analysis is based on a hermeneutic-interpretive mixed-methods approach, both quantitative and qualitative, about the MTE dimensions in a general way and focusing on four specific aspects during the tourist trip: displacement, accommodation, gastronomy and on-site activities. Both content and discourse analyses were applied, with the support of research software, on a total sample of 1.450 online travel reviews. We conclude that it is possible to identify cognitive-affective dimensions of the MTE in UGC, and that the MTE of argentine tourists who visited destination Natal is emotionally positive and with a passive participation, based mainly on aesthetic, hedonist and consumption-based values. Regarding the theoretical contributions, the present dissertation offers an enhanced comprehension of the nature of the tourist experience and the cognitive-affective dimensions of the MTE throughout the tourist journey. The study also epistemologically explores different theoretical perspectives about the tourist experience, co-created among the actors of the tourism system. A theoretical-methodological framework is proposed from an aspect-based Small Data perspective, with practical implications for the destination in order to obtain a thick and deep knowledge about the Argentine tourists experience and, thus, to improve the international incoming tourism politics, planning and management.

This thesis aims to analyze the tourist memory of residents generated from the Fanpage of Salvador City Hall. The research focuses on the communication of the tourist city, considering interactive processes in the physical and virtual spaces as the object of contemporary communication. A transmetodological perspective (Maldonado, 2013) was developed, with the articulation between the critical-dialectical (Martins, 1994) and retroduction (Peirce, 2005) methods. The methodological procedures include documentary research, semi-structured interviews with municipal managers, participatory observation at events and tourist attractions, analysis of tourist publications structure on the Fanpage of the City Hall and the construction of the semiotic equation. This corresponds to the definition of nine categories of analysis of the tourist memory, through the equivalence between the discursive regularities of Michel Foucault (2014) and the Charles Sanders Peirce (2005) triadic categories. The process of analysis is set in this order: monitoring Fanpage, selection of tourist interactive processes, contact with residents who commented in tourist publications, implementation of issues dealing with categories of analysis memory, data tabulation and participant observation in the residence of people interviewed. For the selection of respondents, the following criteria were considered: having commented on the City Hall's tourist post a week after publication, living in Salvador and accepting participation in the research. The interactivity with the follower involved the identification of his place of residence, ‘stalking’ his profile, likes in his post on the social network and contact by Messenger. The research identified an idyllic tourist memory, which considers tourism as a second reality, resembling a game of pleasure and instinctual memory, establishing tourism as a specific culture of the city built from the movement of residents. The tourist culture is endowed with frictions, in which the resident tries to balance the pleasures and anxieties that fuel their daily lives while producing symbols that have the power to attract tourists. Still, according to the survey, tourist posts on the Fanpage of the City Hall of Salvador correspond to a structural coupling that brings together characteristics of journalism, advertising and entertainment, establishing itself as a consensus device. It is understood that the production of tourist communication in Salvador does not require the construction of a socio-digital system that establishes connections between processes of interactivity and interaction. The system includes the production of residents' content as discussion, proposes direct articulation between economic and social sectors with the City Hall and also establishes rhizomatic constructions through different media platforms that allow a semiotic mapping of all city areas and collaborates for the development of urban planning.The socio-digital system fosters governance processes, convergences, meaningful participation and educommunication, in addition to suggesting that public communication in the tourist city takes on six dimensions: institutional, political, internal, social, technological and market.

The contemporary societies are becoming increasingly digital, many travelers use these technologies on their smart devices massively, tourism organizations, whether public or private, must also go to the smart world, business is turning into software, companies that own systems information, can react faster and make better decisions. In this context, tourism is beginning to adapt to this new reality that the digital world has promoted, with the emergence of intelligent tourist destinations, adapted to a new fully digital environment, which begins to be dominated by products and services provided by smart technologies. Countries like Spain and China have been committed to these trends for some years and are focusing their efforts on developing these types of places. The objective of this work is to elaborate a framework for the classification of governance levels in smart tourist destinations, based on an evolutionary scale of five levels of improvement in governance processes. The methodology used in this study started with a systematic review of the literature based on the Kitchenham (2007) protocol for software engineering but adapted for tourism and confirmed the existence of a theoretical gap in the area of governance models for tourist destinations. The methodological procedures comprise documentary research, where from a dialectical approach, international standards on governance were sought for destination management models to be analyzed qualitatively. The Carnegie-Mellon University CMM was chosen as the basis for adapting the resulting framework to the concepts of tourism destination governance, Scrum was also adapted to the scientific methodology of the academy in order to carry out the methodological procedures that comprised documentary research in a reflective process constant. Then the framework's features were listed, broken down into tasks and resulted in elaborate artifacts that were gradually integrated. The research is characterized as exploratory and descriptive. The results present a structure in 5 layers of continuous improvement of governance in smart tourist destinations.

Considering the socio-environmental issue, the protected areas become a pre-condition  for the socioeconomic development of contemporary society, which under the sustainability paradigm, assumes tourism as a conservation tool, considering its potential for generating economic and social benefits and appreciation of the environmental and cultural heritage. Tourism concessions in PA, as an institutional arrangement, emerge as an alternative to take advantage of this potential and to distribute benefits, which in practice presents a set of limitations as a tool for sustainable development, considering the political and institutional contexts.  Assuming that concessions are developed from a neoliberal conservation perspective and its contradictions, this research aims to understand how the tourism concessions program in national parks in Brazil can imply in the PA tourist system vulnerability. Based on a theoretical-conceptual and empirical analysis, through a qualitative method approach, the objectives of this research are: develop a conceptual-theoretical framework to systematize the fundamental elements and factors of the PA tourism system vulnerability; understand the historical, political and institutional context of the program; examine the role of the State in promoting tourism and recreation development in Brazilian national parks, identify the main results of the program and its limitations; and relate these components to the elements and factors of the PA tourism system vulnerabilities. The main program limitations represent the difficulties in promoting greater actions for the PA conservation; social empowerment and measure the quality of services and the socio-environmental implications of the tourism development, as a result of the lack of public support which weaken institutional capacity;  management and monitoring problems and the lack of private organizations’ commitment. In turn, these weaknesses are related to the historical, political, and institutional context of the program's evolution, aligned with the neoliberal conservation principles. Considering that PA tourism system vulnerability represents the condition that enhances the system susceptibility to a harm and limits its ability to attract visitors and meet the needs of the tourism chain, including all social actors, and the environmental conservation, as a product of a set of political, institutional, economic, historical-cultural, social and environmental factors; this research points that the main factors related to the progression of vulnerability represent these limitations that emerge from the context of conflicting agendas under a neoliberal sustainability perspective.

Innovation has stood out as the main differentiating element of organizations that seek to increase their competitiveness and differentiate themselves on the market. Given this, the present thesis entitled Innovation in Tourism Organizations: a proposal for an evaluation model in tourism innovation - MODITUR, addresses the theme of innovation in tourist organizations, tries to understand how innovation occurs and what are the dimensions needed to innovate in organizational tourism environments. The general objective of this study is to propose an innovation model for tourism organizations - MODITUR and its specific objectives are: a) to identify innovation models for organizations; b) characterize the theoretical dimensions present in tourism innovation models; c) to propose a methodological evaluation model for tourist organizations; As for the methodology, it is an exploratory-descriptive research with a qualitative approach and with sampling technique of the intentional non-probabilistic type, which used 17 specialists/researchers in the tourism area, according to what was foreseen and requested by the propositional methodological instrument of the thesis. As for the results, they allowed us to understand that tourism is a phenomenon that undergoes constant transformations in the organizational sphere and that innovation needs to be present within tourism organizations, taking into account the dimensions provided by the model. In view of the above, it is concluded that the theme of innovation in tourism organizations needs more theoretical proposals and new studies so that organizations can invest in innovation and be able to compete locally and globally. To this end, it is believed that the theoretical and empirical proposals of this study allow reflections of new studies in innovation and contribute to the development of people and locations with tourism potential in a responsible manner. 

The present study aims to investigate the impacts of the use of technology in the hotel management processes of the hotel sector. In recent decades, the viability of new business opportunities has become evident in the field of people management, at the rate at which human capital is recognized as a source of competitive advantage, sustainable and difficult to imitate. Hotels, because they are part of the service sector, are deeply dependent on the behavior of their employees. It is therefore relevant to investigate people management practices applied in this context. This research, based on the assumption that the use of technology in people management processes (e-HR), could lead these companies to a superior competitive advantage. In methodological terms, the research has a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive approach. Initially, a sample of ten hotel developments was investigated in order to identify the insertion of technological applications into the following procedures: recruitment and selection, training and development, evaluation of performance and compensation and rewards of employees. To guide the study, interviews were conducted with the main area managers in each unit. Based on the NVivo Version 10 software, the data were categorized and the following results were obtained: most hotels have fragile people management, dependent on other areas and with processes considered traditional. Although there are technological impacts, e-HR is still at an early stage and far from more comprehensive strategic planning. In some activities, one perceives a greater technological effort, while others are vulnerable. The technology has mainly aided in administrative routines of recruitment, compensation, evaluations and trainings. However, a workforce prepared for change is not yet envisaged. Finally, it is concluded that, in order for hotels to evolve into a strategic e-HR field, it is not enough to change only on time, there is a need for broader transformations, involving values and cultural aspects of those that make part.

Socio-environmental conflicts are part of discussions in the context of protected natural áreas, related mainly to human actions causing effects on natural resources or even on social issues linked to the exclusion of residents of the áreas, the democratic participation of the communities not in the decision-making process of the ANP's management and also the impacts related to the context in which these areas are located as urban violence Considers that these aspects tend to influence governance performance, as well as in the development of public activities of these ANP's. Thus, it is understood that the ANP's managers Advice should get democratic and integrative governance seeking to reach the effectiveness of governance to minimize these impacts. The object of the present research consists of two state parks, the Utinga/PA and the Dunes of Natal/RN, since both belong to the category of national parks, which encourage visitation and eco-tourism, In addition, are within urban and Tourist Poles are representative regarding the number of annual visitation. It should be noted that in both have suffered from the presence of urban violence and are inserted in cities that have high rate of violence and are among the 10 most violent capital of Brazil according to the Atlas of Violence 2018. In this way, the overall objective of this research is to analyze how the perception of the fear of violence has influenced on visitation and governance the Managing Council of the Utinga/PA State Park and State Park dunes of Natal/RN for the development of leisure activities and tourism. Thus, for construction of the bibliographic surveys were conducted research and theoretical and methodological discussion document on the subject.  The character is descriptive and exploratory research, and qualitative approach was used, mainly based on content analysis technique. the Governance Analytics matrix Nakamura (2015), therefore, the Governance Analytics matrix Nóbrega (2015), therefore, the survey obtained the following results, it was possible to identify that occurs or has occurred episodes of violence crime and order environment in parks, that in the public sector are developed several leisure activities and recreation for visitors, highlighting the case of Utinga Park where offer activities related to ecotourism for visitors and communities, In addition, identified that the governance of both Counsels Managers have elements that demonstrate in your operation, but legalities, present some aspects of weaknesses, however, work to achieve balance and good performance of the instance. Furthermore, it was possible to get an understanding that the perception of fear of violence influences the process of visiting areas of public use, in the sense that, According to the semi-structured interviews there is a change in the behavior of visitors linked the presence of fear/fear of victims episodes of violence to get out of the House to visit the Park. However, the CG's parks, the Utinga/PA and dunes of Natal/RN need to incorporate discussions on aspects of the development of public activities as eco-tourism and leisure. In addition to deliberate actions and strategies to minimize the perception of fear of violence in the visitation process.

Brands are symbolic representations that provide a unique identification for products and services. This intangible asset is increasingly inserted in the process of relationship of companies, tourist destinations and organizations in general. In this context, the event market has also appropriated this strategy, since many destinations use events to enhance their historical and cultural identities. Therefore, the objective of the research is to analyze through the place attachment model the process of constructing the brand identity of the feast of Sant'Ana in Caicó, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The Municipality is located in the Seridó region, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The party has been going On for 270 years and this highlights a strong local religious representation. In This scenario, it was pertinent to understand how stakeholders develop the planning and organization of the event. The Feast of Sant'Ana is considered intangible cultural heritage, according To the Institute of National Historical and Artistic Heritage (IPHAN). This is a descriptive and exploratory study of quali-quantitative approach. In The qualitative part, interviews were conducted in depth with the stakeholders involved in the organizational process of the event. In The quantitative study, questionnaires were applied to the party's visitors, seeking to understand the elements involved in the relationship between the destination and the visitors. To Guide The development of the collection instruments, the theoretical model of place attchment was used, which assisted the whole construction of this work. The results found show the elements that characterize the religious mark of the Feast of Sant'Ana. The characteristics presented are linked to the place attachment, revealing that the relationship of attachment and brand of the party is linked to historical and cultural factors that represent the municipality of Caicó. That is, it is perceived that faith and devotion to "Lady" Sant'Ana express the identity of the municipality of Caicó and this has become a strong feature for the place. The visitor's high bond with the feast is also Observed. It is Concluded that the faith and bond of attachment to the place are the most significant variables in the process of constructing the religious brand of the feast of Sant'Ana. Building and strengthening these brand variables will signal a relevant strategic positioning for the locality.

Having supported the socialcultural context that reveals the regional gastronomic patrimony as the translator of identity and symbol of its people, the present research had as general objective of the study, to analyze from three gastronomic preparations identity of the region of Seridó, memory, identity and the patrimonial safeguard of the place as an inductive action of the local tourism. In this attempt, the historical, affective and gustatory memories of the region were visited and revisited, at which point, specifically, it was sought: to identify if in the Seridó region there was strong identity if this gastronomic heritage of the Seridó region has been inducing local tourism, and to verify if this intangible gastronomic good is being safeguarded by some protective instrument or action. For that, the qualitative approach was used, being a study of the case in loco in the ambit of the city of Caicó, as a representation of the region for being considered as geosymbol identity of the food of Seridó, from the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The research was exploratory and descriptive, with the accomplishment of bibliographic research. As a data collection instrument, a standardized interview script was used contemplating nine open questions as the use of three dimensions of analyzes: identity, patrimonial protection and gastronomic tourism incentive. As a problem issue of the study,  it has been elaborated: how memory, identity and patrimonial protection of Seridó have been dialoguing in the construction and strengthening of local tourism?  As main results of the research, it is highlighted that although it has been revealed, Seridó is legitimized by its knowledges and flavors, there is a contradictory relation, a tendency to the fragmentation of identity, that has been threatening the region in its personifying heart. In these terms, it was observed in the case of the dry sweet, that had almost disappeared from the region, an indicative of the local problematic. The study also observed how the dialogue between tourism and the gastronomy of Seridó shows that although there is potential in the area of observation, in which there are diverse natural and cultural beauties and a strong and differentiated gastronomy, it is an activity based on this still incipient and deficient dialogue. 
In addition, in this place was found a protective, legal and institutional gap of its patrimony causing this state of danger of patrimonial loss and identity. In the end, it can be concluded that there is a lack of satisfactory planning in the use of the actions carried out based on the endogenous development, teaching the unknowns the importance of their food as an identifying element of societies and a lack of use of mechanisms available for promotion and protection activities. Observing, this way, a space and opportunities to obtain regional development wrapped in sustainability of the tourist activity in symbiosis with the gastronomic.

Tourism has been gaining in size in recent years due to globalization, new information and communication technologies (ICTs) and social media. In this context, travel blogs act as a tool to generate changes in the behavior and decision making of tourists, who increasingly seek to acquire quality tourist products and services in a way that can meet their needs and expectations. Blogs act as opinion makers about tourism products and services, that is, they influence the choice of the tourist destination and consequently, it assists in the success of the locality. The general objective of the study was to understand the perception of tourists and bloggers in relation to the influence of travel blogs in the choice and decision to purchase Natal destination, in Rio Grande do Norte, thus allowing a discussion and reflection on the importance and functionality of blogs for the development of tourism from the model of Consumer Behavior for Purchases (Blackwell et al, 2009). The methodology used in the study was exploratory with a qualitative approach, supported by the interpretative stance; the technique used to analyze the data was the content analysis, triangulation of the answers of the interviewed sources (tourists and bloggers) and the qualitative software Nvivo 12 to represent the results. The results showed that in fact travel blogs are used to help the choice and decision of the tourists, these are influenced and are based especially on the content exposed by the blogger about the destination, such as: images, tips, reports, etc., and the comments of other users who have already made the trip, thus, the experience of these serve as a north for the planning and decision of other people who still do not know the destination. It was found that the influence of travel blogs is directly linked to the reports of tourists who have already experienced the trip and the tips of bloggers, which are the main and strongest aspects for decision making. Finally, it is concluded that travel blogs influence the choice of tourists and act as marketing for the destination, and it is necessary to make better use of public and private institutions.

The Brazilian Northeast has until recently had an image associated with poverty, misery and drought, and, consequently, of negativity. In the last decades, imagery and reports have been developed with the purpose of promoting the Northeast as a more dynamic and modern region, endowed with natural amenities - environmental conditions sufficiently attractive to an economic diversity, including the development of the tourist market. This research study proposes that tourism has contributed to give a new meaning to the image of the Northeast region, from a mostly negative to a more positive interpretation. Therefore, this research study aims to analyze the participation of tourism in the re - signification of the image of the Brazilian Northeast. In order to fulfill this objective, a qualitative methodology was chosen as the basis for this research, which sought to explain (and not only to punctuate) the data obtained, both in bibliographical and documentary research, as in field research. Theoretical readings and data analyzes were guided by the dialectical method. The  research was divided in two stages: the one of the interviews to the public and private sectors, added to the tourists, and another one of documentary research, which was focused on the review of printed press of national circulation that had, for decades, presented images about Brazil for its own citizens - Veja magazine, and also the review of textbooks used in Brazilian high schools from 1960 to 2010, to better understand the conditions on the Northeast before and after the tourist boom. For both stages of research, the content analysis was adopted as the analysis technique for recorded speeches and conducted review. The data obtained allowed us to understand that tourism was a co-producer, added to the economic growth of other sectors and the infrastructure of the main Northeastern cities, of this new image of the Northeast; an activity that by its nature must compose and commercialize positive images while structuring spaces and, with that, contribute to transpose the depreciated image of the region.

Development in the human perspective takes into account the network of belonging in which the individual is inserted, formed by different instruments or objects, that depend on each other to reach their own reason for being. It should be embedded in the social improvements and freedoms enjoyed by society as a whole, reflecting the quality of life of individuals and their well-being. This study searches for new paradigms centered on the concept of local development that complements the notion of the collective self. In order to do so, it feeds on local reality, participation, cooperation of the subjects, public and private institutions, the implementation of public policies, as well as economic and environmental factors. In Community Tourism, the community development process works in a cooperative and shared manner. The Rapid Participatory Diagnosis allows to point out the potentialities and vulnerabilities presented by communities that carry out community-based tourism activities. The present work has as center the analysis of the community tourism practiced in the Tucum Network with the use of DRP. Despite the conflicts and difficulties encountered in the community, tourists and researchers are attracted to Prainha do Canto Verde and Batoque for the history of struggle and resistance to real estate speculation that has been taking place for more than thirty years. This work therefore defends the importance of solidarity and solidarity economy in tourism and does not seek to counteract existing practices, but is concerned with revealing its limitations and showing that there are alternatives.

The rural environment in Brazil, particularly in the Northeast, has presented in the last years changes that are related to the provision of services, housing, leisure and tourism. It can be seen that the more cities present problems of various kinds, such as violence, heavy traffic, poor quality of life, the rural environment is projected as a tranquil place: the escape from urban chaos. The inhabitants of the cities come to perceive the rural environment as a place of leisure, rest and encounter with nature. It is in this context that activities of second home, tourism and leisure begin to appropriate the rural environment as a product, creating new spaces, structures, mobility to attract this demand. New patterns of displacement for the rural determine new conceptions for the function of the second home and the search for leisure in rural areas. The rural is refunctionalized, urbanized, modernized, resignificance, emerging as an important leisure area. The arrival of new social groups causes spatial processes characterized by sociospatial transformation from leisure activities, tourism and second home. Thus, the research sought to analyze how the expansion of leisure and tourism activities has triggered socio-spatial transformations in the rural Gravatá-PE. Based on a qualitative approach, through the collection of data in the registry and government agencies, the statistical and cartographic treatment, using resources such as demography and housing, the study identifies the spatial processes resulting from the expansion of tourism and second residence and analyzes the process of resignification in the rural Gravatá-PE.

Resource and attraction are concepts used constantly in the field of tourism knowledge and applied in studies on tourism potential. Although the nature and origin of these concepts have distinct roots and meanings, as observed, they are treated indiscriminately as synonyms. Tourism resource, in the essence of the term and the logic of tourism planning, is the basis of potential, which may or may not be turned into attractive, which represents something modified and already qualified for access and use. Few academic studies are concerned with the distinction and proper application of the term, and this conceptual indiscrimination has important implications for studies of tourism potential, both in the field of scientific knowledge and in its field of application in proposing solutions for destination management and competitiveness. Therefore, this thesis aims to contribute to the conceptual demarcation of tourism potential in a more precise and discriminated way, by proposing a methodology for assessing destination tourism potential, based on its endogenous resources. For the development of the thesis, it was based on the foundations and guidelines of qualitative methodologies, using various techniques of survey and data analysis, such as bibliographic research for the delimitation of the terms potential and tourism resource, Focus Group for the purification of terms and composition of the first conceptual outline of the methodology, Delphi technique with specialists for the conceptual delimitation of the term and refinement of the proposed tourist potential assessment structure. The discussion showed that there are different and divergent interpretations of the meaning of tourism potential and that the indiscriminate application of the term, which is extensive to the concept of appeal and appeal, results in different and complex assessment methodologies, thus making it impossible to compare their results. The in-depth analysis of the content of the main methodologies found and their different applications allowed us to categorize the use of potential as a synonym of attraction, supply and market, but almost never as a narrow meaning of potential in the essence of the term. This revelation also made it possible to understand that indiscriminate use - both theoretical and practical - has led to important distortions in its application and that potential assessment has been seriously compromised by this conceptual neglect. For the studies of destination competitiveness, the implications are even more acute, since they do not allow comparison of results and do not present isonomy of indicators, much less of objective form of calculation. The proposition of the conceptual structure that can serve for the evaluation of tourism potential defended in this thesis was validated by its application in two different places in Rio Grande do Norte and proved to be suitable for use in identifying intrinsic value of endogenous tourism resources of one place. Its results support the decision making of managers regarding the future development of the destination, directing public investment to transform this potential into a concrete attraction.

As the tourism sector incorporates technologies reconfiguring the distribution and use of products and services, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) becomes a subject of tourism research in view of such transformations in the sector. When looking at the studies that discuss the adoption of technology by tourism operators, these are focused on identifying the diversity or factors that differentiate organizations and their patterns from others in relation to the adoption of technology. Institutional theory establishes a macro view of structural change, defined as isomorphism in organizations. The general objective of the study is to analyze how this isomorphic pressure, based on institutional theory, is present in Natal / RN hotels in the adoption of information and communication technologies. For this, the research conducted interviews with 20 hotels in the city. The data collection instrument consisted of a semi-structured script, which was applied in person during the period from September to November 2017. For the evaluation of the data, the content analysis technique was used, with the use of the qualitative and mixed analyzes Software Nvivo, in its version 11.0. The results shows that the organizational environment provides pressure on how technology has been adopted in these establishments. It was evidenced that hoteliers adopt technology to appear legitimate to the market, especially among consumers. For this they adopt standards, imitate the competition, and seek to be well evaluated in the virtual environment in sites like TripAdvisor, Booking, Decolar, among others, so that they are accepted by the field in which they operate and prolong their survival in the market. It is concluded that the institutional isomorphism is present in the adoption of technology in the analyzed hotel sector, from the research, it is possible to obtain a perspective of how these forces act in the organizations.

The present research aims to understand how the central management of the Tourist Costa das Dunas Polo are getting involved in tourism planning of protected areas that are in the process of creating. The Rio Grande do Norte has nine UC's legally established that corresponds approximately to 240,000 hectares, in addition, IDEMA/RN, through the Core of protected areas is investing in the creation of new Units, and those  that are located in the Polo Costa das Dunas are objects of the present study, the Jiqui State Park located in the municipality of Parnamirim/RN and the Parque Estadual dos Mangues do Potengi is located in Natal/RN. For the construction work have been conducted bibliographic and documentary surveys seeking deeper in and knowledge of the areas of study. The research is exploratory and descriptive character with a qualitative approach and the techniques used were descriptive analysis and content analysis. In this way, the results of the investigation brought the understanding of the process of creation of the UC's, involvement of actors in the tourism, as well as the perception of the Managing Council of the Polo Costa das Dunas about the risks and potential benefits for tourist use in both parks in creation. Thus, it was noted that the process of creating the parks are stopped and discussions regarding the UC's are scarce in the context of meetings of the Polo Costa das Dunas, especially when it comes to creating parks, Wetlands do Potengi and Jiqui, in addition, It was noted that the tourism actors were not involved, so far, in the discussions on these creations. As the perception of the members interviewed, one can say that these, in General, have little or no knowledge about the process of creation of the UC's.  In terms of the risks and potential benefits of the relationship of tourism with these areas, infers that the potential benefits of tourism are perceived whereas local realities in the dimensions: economic opportunities; natural protection; sociocultural protection and quality of life; and about the risks, are also understood as likely to occur in the areas, however, tend to be minimized depending on the creation, management, planning involving different actors, especially the local community which in the view of members, need a work of sensitization and awareness of relevance of creation and tourist use in UC's. Thus, we highlight that the tourism planning in the context of PEMAP and PEJ integrative way has taken place not with the actors of the tourism, who are stakeholders in this process, since the proposal for the creation of the areas has development perspective of tourism and visitation, and the main attractions of the Pole itself are linked to protected natural areas.

Protected areas are treated as parts of natural areas that has the purpose to protect significant environmental aspects of relevance, in which, progressively has been expanding by the Brazilian territory. In terms of visitation, the parks are areas that commonly are related to public use. And in these locations, besides the possibility of use by natives, these is also the permission of use by tourism.  Because they  are areas that require na integrated and participatory planning of all actors, this research has as main objective central analyze factors capable of influencing visitors’ support for the development of tourism  in UC Parque das Dunas. This hypothetical-deductive character study is therefore aimed at testing hypotheses, quantitative approach to type a main Survey and applied and descriptive nature. Has as tool for data collection a questionnaire containing two blocks, one that deals with the profile and other dimensions to be investigated. The sample collected, composed of 180 respondents, was conducted in a manner non-probability for convenience, however, it was systematization every three people for the choice of subject. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. Research results indicate that the Quality is the dimension that has the greatest impacto on the proposed model and to Support the development of tourism is a dimension formed directly by the perception of the Value, which in this case is treated as social and environmental benefits. However, indirectly Support also suffers the influence of the Image dimensions and Quality, through the dimension Value. In addition, it is concluded that the Parque das Dunas is an area frequented by residents and not by tourists.

The objective of this study was to investigate factors that influence resident support for tourism development in Coastal Destinations. The study was conducted with the resident community of Pipa Beach (Tibau do Sul / RN),considered as an inductor destination for Ministry of Tourism), for which an exploratory-descriptive research was developed with the quantitative approach, The data collection instrument was built on a 10 - point scale, using a 10 - point scale modeling tool, with application in the "Tourism Impacts" approach, as well as the characteristics of the socio - demographic profile of the population Data, descriptive analyzes, clusters, both exploratory and confirmatory factorial, are reports that can be visualized in this survey. The indicators indicate beyond a deficit in the environmental perception, while the indicators of tourism development, the influence of the information as antecedents of access to the site and support relationships for the rescue of the development of tourism in smaller coastal destinations.

Considering the human resources key factor for the development of the hotel activity, if it is a service rendering it is essential to combine the qualification of the workforce with the profile that the market demands. Qualification, when well disseminated, becomes an ally with several constructs, one of which is organizational commitment. However, the general objective of this research was to analyze the relationships between professional qualification and commitment in hotel organizations in the municipality of João Pessoa / PB. Thus, the theoretical basis addressed aspects related to the hotel sector, the importance of human capital, professional qualification and organizational commitment and its types. Regarding the methodology is descriptive in terms of its objectives, having as an analytical-quantitative approach, the SPSS program was used for the tabulation of data, in order to describe and correlate the variables in question. The survey had a sample of 20 hotels located in the municipality of João Pessoa, where in each hotel 5 respondents were assigned, totaling 100 respondents. The questionnaire was divided into three blocks: Professional qualification, organizational commitment and socioeconomic profile. Among the main findings of the study, the factorial analysis of the dimensions revealed higher loads for qualification benefits with a load of 0.922 and an instrumental impairment of 0.799. The correlation of greater magnitude was also between the instrumental impairment and the benefits of the qualification with 0.704. And in the regression model the R² between the professional qualification dimension and the instrumental impairment was 54.1%. However, there is a relationship with the affective and affiliative ties of commitment, which according to Medeiros (2003), are the best performers for organizations. Thus, this study leads to the reflection that it needs a realignment in the strategies of the company in order to achieve adequate commitment.

This study aims to analyze the applicability of the Business Canvas Model as a strategic management practice in hotel developments. This model is characterized as a recent paradigm in the business context regarding business management modeling. Canvas is composed of nine components that together form the so-called ideal structure for the development of a business model (Pigneur and Osterwalder, 2011). In methodological terms, this study has an exploratory character and a qualitative approach. The research involves a triangulation of data collection techniques through a semistructured interview, applied with two managers of different hotel developments, documentary analysis and participant observation. As for the analysis of the collected data this research carried out a content analysis with the help of Software Nvivo, using results through word cloud, word tree map and correlation of variables. In the obtained results the hotel managers' concerns are observed through a competitive market and with tariff stagnations, full of tendencies and needs in the provision of services. It presents an expanding online marketplace, the need for strategies that engage clients and companies in addition to corporate resistance in the adhesion of new models and business strategies. It turned out that Canvas has proved to be a practical tool capable of synthesizing the business life of companies visually. Through market research, it contributes to the development, application and monitoring of strategies making the enterprises competitive, acting as a mental map and allowing the manager to use the model strategically to develop actions based on market trends and needs. The research concludes that Canvas is applied as a practical tool capable of aligning theoretical, empirical and methodological aspects with the purpose of improving the different organizational processes of the hotel network.

The present research was elaborated with the intention of broadening the reflections about the field of study in Tourism and the nuances that involve the professional formation, at a higher level, of the turismologist. Due to its dynamic nature, the tourism universe has been revealed as a complex phenomenon and, from the educational point of view, this relationship becomes even more evident, since the multidisciplinarity, interdisciplinarity that encompasses knowledge, allows diverse interpretations to the development of a framework theoretical. In this sense, the multiplicity of tourism knowledge often makes it difficult to understand the real abilities, that is, skills and competences, which govern the future graduate in the area, as well as the professional identification for the job market. Therefore, the general objective of the study is to understand the professional training and the skills of the tourist, in the perception of representatives of the tourist trade, coordinators and teachers of the tourism course in the state of Rio Grande do Norte; and as specific, to investigate the professional skills required in training; analyze the professional training of the tourism graduate; and evaluate the skills for professional performance of the bachelor. In principle, the study is in line with the esteem of the researcher who during the training, at the higher level, could observe the impasses that occur between the yearnings of the academy and the demands of the labor market, a dichotomy that is bringing a new reality in the demand for the courses in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. Thus, searching for an understanding of the respective universes, a qualitative and exploratory methodology was used, through documentary and content analysis. A semi-structured interview was conducted with the coordinators and professors representing the graduations in Tourism of the RN, and representatives of the "Tourist trade" of the RN. As a result, as a result, it was found that vocational training in tourism in higher education develops skills with an emphasis on planning and management, other studies on the subject should be analyzed to complement the research.

The present work aims to know how the planning and management of tourism within the Área de Proteção Ambiental de Jenipabu (APAJ) and the Área de Proteção Ambiental dos Recifes de Corais (APARC) has been developed from the point of view of the social inclusion of traditional populations from the environment. For this, the research adopted a qualitative approach, being exploratory and descriptive. The data was collected through the use of semi-structured interview scripts, Having as study population the social actors allied tourist activity, as well as the appreciation of conservation units’ official and legal documents. In order to appreciate the data, it was used the content analysis method based on the dimensions of social inclusion in tourism develop by Sancho and Irving (2007). From the results, it was possible to verify that both creation processes (of APAJ and APARC) were not conducted in a participatory and consultative way, since there was no consultation and participation of the communities in their creation and implementation processes. Regarding tourism, it has been observed that it is the main economic activity; in the APAJ tourism is concentrated in the beaches of Redinha Nova, Santa Rita and in the mobile dunes of Jenipabu beach through buggy, dromedary rides and esquidunas. While in APARC the tourism is developed from coral reefs exploration, in Maracajaú beach, is where the tourist flow is concentrated, the tours are operationalized in Rio de Fogo, where the fisherman are actually in registration phase to apply in the activity, and in the Perobas’ community, who operates is a local businessman allied with the fisherman from the community. Finally, on the social inclusion in the planning and management of tourism in the APAJ and APARC, it is possible to see that this theme is exclusively linked to the capacity of the activity to generate employment and income, especially with the creation of new jobs offered by the tourism market. In this sense, it is possible to affirm that the conception of this concept prevails in a purely economic approach, in a reductionist speech, different from the one that the promotion of the social inclusion establishes, that is, more social integration between the social actors involved with tourism, guarantee of social and participative rights, citizenship, active participation in the process of planning and management, equitable distribution of benefits and new opportunities of insertion in the labor market with improvements in quality of life. In addition, social inclusion involves and must be extensively worked on to ensure access to education, social services, health, investments in basic infrastructure and political rights.

Among the many factors related to the countries for their tourism development, marketing is a challenging factor to create brands for their destinations. Companies, known in the literature as Destination Marketing Organizations (DMOs), usually develop the marketing execution of a destination, and one of jobs that they do is to evaluate the tourism promotion effectiveness. The present study focused on evaluating the tourism promotion effectiveness in the state of Sergipe, especially because the state is a destination in consolidation in national tourism, but in recent years has suffered a decrease in investments in promotion due to political and economic factors. For this purpose, in this research, characterized as descriptive and exploratory, with a quantitative approach, it was used the most recent model related to this theme: the Destination Advertising Response (DAR) Model, designed to transmit more accurate data on promotional campaign effectiveness through travel planning and money spent by visitors in six facets: tickets, accommodations, attractions, restaurants, events and shopping. Were collected 384 questionnaires (representative sample) and, through descriptive statistics, it was possible to trace the sociodemographic profile of the respondents, as well as the characteristics of the travel planning of three consumer groups: clients of traditional agencies, clients of online travel agencies, and Self-planners. Through the correlation analysis, the respondents' perceptions regarding the promotional materials of the state were identified. Using the independent sample test t and the multiple regression analyzes, it was possible to identify that, in general, the tourism promotion undertaken has been effective for five facets of travel, not being effective for facet "Tickets". In the group of consumers of traditional agencies, the promotion of attractions was not effective, whereas in the group of online travel agencies' consumers, non-effectiveness was verified in the "Accommodations" facet, and in the group of self-planners in the facets "Restaurants" and "Shopping". These results contributed to inferring recommendations in order to re-adjust the state's tourism promotional planning.

Prior to consolidating a reservation of accommodation, there are several factors that influence a consumer, such as experiences already made, information acquired, which over time has become increasingly sophisticated. In this way, the present study aimed to analyze the perception of consumers about the use of Online Travel Agencies (OTA) to reserve an accommodation. The profile of these consumers was described, verifying the frequency of use of OTAs in relation to the type of trip, as well as comparing their opinions regarding the type of trip and the factors that influence their choice. Thus, in this research, characterized as descriptive and exploratory, with a quantitative approach, previous studies carried out in other countries, such as Law (2009) and Del Chiappa (2013) were used. In the final collection, 131 questionnaires were obtained with hotel guests in Natal / RN. Data analysis was performed through descriptive statistics, as well as comparison of means (ANOVA) to analyze and identify the objectives outlined in the research. Among the main results, it was possible to verify that the majority of respondents (59%) are part of the occasional group of consumers, followed by moderates ones (30.6%) and a small number (9.9%) of frequente consumers. Regarding the type of travel, it can be concluded that national and leisure travel are the most targeted by consumers when making reservations at OTAs. These results contributed to inferring recommendations for managers of tourism enterprises, such as traditional and online travel agencies.

Brands are intangible assets that integrate the relationship process between companies and consumers. Among the various segments that find in branding a way for building their strategies, there is the lodging industry. In times of fierce competitiveness and to deal with the tourist’s behavioral changes in the twenty-first century, creating values for theirs brands provides competitive advantage. The combination of the brands characteristics with human personalities is one scientifically proven way to create this value. Therefore, the present study aims to identify the presence of personalities in hotel brands focused on sun and beach tourism. The objective of this research is to identify the personalities of the Brand Personality Scale (BPS) of Aaker (1997) that can be perceived in the brands of Via Costeira hotels in the city of Natal, capital do the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. It is a descriptive-exploratory study, with quantitative and qualitative approach. For doing the research, at first, 405 surveys were applied whose approach involved the recognition of 41 personality traits proposed by the research instrument on these establishments and using the Likert Scale from 0 to 10. In addition, it was also investigated the alignment of this scale with the mission, vision and values statements from each hotel. Finally, suggestions from experts in marketing and branding were collected about ways to develop brands in the hotel industry. The results showed that only four of the BPS five dimensions – sincerity, sophistication, competence and excitement – were considered applicable for all sample participants and in this same sequence of decreasing values of means, as described by the Tukey test that was used as a complement for comparative purpose between hotel means. In the mission, mission and values statements of the samples, it was verified the predominance of characteristics more closely related to the competence and sincerity dimensions. Finally, experts affirmed that hotels can form brands with personalities and suggested some necessary actions to achieve such triumph.  The results presented were satisfactory and confirmed the existence of personality in the hotel brands from Natal, but that perception still has chance to be improved.   

The general objective of this work is to analyze the socio-environmental, economic, cultural and tourist challenges present in the context of the Bonfim-Guaraíra Environmental Protection Area, State of Rio Grande do Norte, and its implications in the planning and management of tourism, from of the municipalities of Nísia Floresta and Tibau do Sul, which are more representative within the scenario of this phenomenon in the said conservation unit. For this, it was necessary to establish four specific objectives: 1) To investigate the performance and involvement of the members of the managing board of the APABG regarding the process of tourism planning and management; 2) To raise and analyze the main actions, difficulties and opportunities of planning and management with a view to the development and development of tourism; 3) To raise the perception of the visitors in front of the tourist experience lived in the municipalities of Nísia Floresta and Tibau do Sul; And 4) Draw a situational panorama of the tourist activity in the APABG from the municipalities that are the focus of the research. The methodology of the study consisted of a descriptive-exploratory qualitative approach, in which, in addition to bibliographical material and documentary research, a data collection was carried out in loco through semi-structured scripts according to the representative essence of the groups participating in the research , Ie the APABG Management Council and formal and informal community leaders from both municipalities, as well as the approach to tourists based on questionnaires applied in the following locations: Pipa Beach, Madeiro Beach and Amor beach (Tibau do Sul) ), Tabatinga Beach and Mirante dos Golfinhos (Nísia Floresta). In addition, a number of meetings of the CG were held by extracting information from the direct observation technique, as well as incorporating the instrument of the "Analytical Matrix of Governance of Tourism Instances" to analyze the following elements with the managing board: ) Elective process of the members of the Instance; B) Balance of representativeness; C) Qualitative participation among members; D) Quantity and quality of signed partnerships; E) Dissemination and access of the information among the members. Thus, with the analysis of the results, it was possible to verify that the challenges in the different defined scales are presented under structural insufficiency, lack of public performance and interaction between actors, generating difficulties and related conflicts, which concentrate their complexity based on the plurality of interests of both internal and external social groups, which interfere in the process of planning and managing tourism, insofar as they are not observed by the political sphere without the proper articulations of resolution.

The present study deals with the relations among tourism, territory and migration concerning about the foreign residents in São Miguel do Gostoso and the constitution of its touristic territory. It starts from the main theories on migration and a discussion of territory and territorialization reaching the foreigner immersed in the local context in conjunction with the population and the municipal management in the constitution of the touristic territory of São Miguel do Gostoso. A bibliographic research was carried out, a survey of demographic and statistical databases, semi-structured interview were applied to fifteen foreigners, treatment and analysis of secondary data and primary sources and interpretation of processes related to migration and tourism as a socio-spatial phenomenon. From this investigation, it was noticed that the tourist territory of this municipality has been concentrated along the coast, under an infrastructure that has grown in a fast and disordered way. The tourism has been confirmed in compliance with accumulation wealth logic in the speeches as an opportunity for employment and income, under the level of segregated development where public administration continues to play its intermediary role between social lags and facilitations for the growth of foreign currencies.

In order to contribute to the debate about tourism planning and management strategies, a survey was carried out to understand the influence of the behavior of managers in the tourism development process with a resilient approach. From this perspective, a research of qualitative approach is developed, having as instruments of data collection the interview, observation and Quest_Resilience, the latter responsible for mapping the resilient behavior of the 22 managers of the four tourist destinations in the Brazilian Northeast studied: Mata de São João/BA, Recife/PE, Teresina/PI and São Raimundo Nonato/PI. It was observed that the adoption of measures that minimize the adversities that impact the tourism activity is due to a change in management behavior, since resilience is intrinsic to the individuals ability to overcome adverse situations. Data analysis showed that the researched managers have a behavioral style of intolerance, which distances them from resilience. It was also possible to identify that the destinations studied are below what is expected from truly resilient cities. The look under the bias of resilience allows avoiding the reductionism that underlies the attempts to explain tourism management from pre-fabricated methods for its interpretation. Resilience must be stimulated for the development of tourism, especially in terms of management and planning. It is a key factor in decision-making processes because it is related to processes of overcoming, reconstituting, and adapting to the instabilities by which activity passes. The implementation of actions to reduce risks of all orders should be a priority of management and, in the case of tourism, these actions should be the result of the public and private understanding of how to mitigate the adversities of the activity for its full development, taking as it focuses the local community and, consequently, the tourists.

O presente estudo objetivou analisar as contribuições proporcionadas pela realização da Copa do Mundo FIFA 2014 para o destino turístico Natal/RN. Para isso, analisou-se a efetividade das ações do poder público para dotar o destino de infraestrutura adequada ao porte do evento; avaliou-se de que forma as intervenções do Estado contribuíram para a reestruturação dos espaços urbanos com fins turísticos; identificou-se quais foram os investimentos realizados pelo trade turístico em função do megaevento da FIFA; assim como se identificaram as ações de qualificação profissional na área de turismo que foram promovidas para atender à demanda da Copa. Dessa forma, a pesquisa justifica-se por preencher uma lacuna na pesquisa em turismo no que se refere à investigação de como ocorreram os investimentos empreendidos pelo Estado e pela iniciativa privada para realização do megaevento esportivo da FIFA em Natal, mostrando quais os rebatimentos para a cidade, sua população e o turismo. Para tanto, o estudo teve uma abordagem qualitativa, sendo de caráter descritivo-exploratório. Como instrumento de coleta utilizou-se a aplicação de roteiros de entrevistas semiestruturados, tendo como população do estudo atores da iniciativa privada e representantes de órgãos públicos, além da apreciação de dados secundários.  Para a apreciação dos dados, fez-se uso do método de análise de conteúdo e documental baseando-se na categorização dos mesmos. Ao fim, foi possível perceber que a Copa do Mundo da FIFA 2014 levou o Estado a investir um grande montante de recursos públicos em mobilidade, transportes e turismo, mas que todas as intervenções tinham como objetivo a realização dos jogos, independente do bem que esses investimentos poderiam trazer para a população. Ocorreu uma concentração espacial das ações planejadas. No que se refere ao turismo, entendeu-se que o megaevento esportivo proporcionou a reorganização da atividade na capital potiguar, principalmente na melhoria da infraestrutura de sua orla; ampliou o número de leitos com a implantação de novos hotéis e contribuiu para o aumento da mão de obra qualificada, na medida em que cursos de capacitação profissional em turismo foram ofertados. Apesar da melhoria dos espaços para fins turísticos, até então não é possível dimensionar se os investimentos realizados em função do evento proporcionarão o retorno que os justifique.

O turismo de saúde apresenta dois subprodutos denominados turismo médico e turismo de bem-estar. A pesquisa refere-se ao turismo de bem-estar, termo conhecido internacionalmente por wellness tourism, que se caracteriza como uma área promissora, apresentando crescimento a cada ano no Brasil. O foco desse segmento é a busca por tratamentos com intenção preventiva, relaxamento e cuidados com o corpo. O estudo teve como objetivo analisar a gestão da qualidade dos serviços de turismo de bem-estar oferecidos nos SPAs do Brasil a partir da percepção dos gestores. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como exploratório-descritiva, transversal, de abordagem qualitativa, com uma amostragem não probabilística, intencional e funcionalista. Foram aplicados questionários direcionados aos gestores da área no Brasil. Como base, a pesquisa utilizou os itens do instrumento de qualidade dos serviços, SERVPERF. Como resultado, foi percebido um aumento significativo da demanda da área do turismo de bem-estar no Brasil, segundo os gestores. A qualidade nos serviços foi apontada como critério de exigência, já que os clientes de bem-estar pagam por um serviço que tem como objetivo o relaxamento da mente, corpo e espírito. Gerir empreendimentos voltados ao relaxamento e bem-estar requer profissionais qualificados. É necessário também um acompanhamento personalizado a cada cliente, sobretudo ao se tratar de SPA da tipologia médica. A infraestrutura, um dos itens do modelo SERVPERF, é a mais valorizada em termos de qualidade e deve contar com manutenção (depreciação das máquinas) periódica, pois o cliente de um SPA possui mais expectativas do que um cliente de um hotel. Conclui-se que o segmento de turismo de bem-estar pode avançar ainda mais no país. Associar o turismo à saúde envolve fatores que necessitam de estudos e detalhamento de suas características. O turismo em geral tem a qualidade, excelência, segurança e ética como inseparáveis. A qualidade nos serviços, sejam eles tangíveis ou intangíveis, é de relevância para os consumidores, que quando satisfeitos com o serviço prestado, divulgarão de forma positiva para parentes e amigos.

This study aims to research, analyze the pricing strategies adopted by medium and large hotels in Natal and Pipa / RN applying Shoemaker model (2003) for analysis. The overall objective is guided by the following specific objectives: a) Identify what are the pricing actions taken by hotel developments; b) classify the strategies used, according to the model Shoemaker (2003); c) To propose a set of suggestions for hotels analyzed. The theoretical framework of this work is based on the study of major national and international publications on the hotel industry, marketing, pricing strategies and value. The methodology presents descriptive qualitative approach to data, which aims to get results by conducting semi-structured interviews, literature and documentary. The study's target audience, managers and owners of ten (10) medium and large hotel located in the city of Natal / RN and the beach of Pipa / RN, being the two most visited tourist destinations in the State and, therefore, having the largest hotel park. The schedule of research activities started in the 1st half of 2014 ending in June 2016, where the data were properly analyzed from the theoretical model chosen for validation of this research. Given the research, there was the use of pricing strategies and evaluative items in the hotel trade of the analyzed public, thus corroborating with significant occupancy rates.

This study sought to understand the perception of the future tourism specialist on the use of filmic resource in the classroom as a methodological strategy of teaching-learning directed to multidisciplinary content in tourism. Therefore, it was done a bibliographic research where are some aspects about: the university in Brazil and a discussion of the valuation of research and impoverishment of teaching in higher education and possible impact on the training of tourism professionals; brief points on the process of planning methodologies of teaching and learning strategies; Finally, the inclusion of audiovisual resources in Brazilian education and good practices in the application of the films in the classroom. The research is justified because it is necessary to understand the educational application of filmic resource as one of the innovative methodological strategy in the classrooms of undergraduate courses in tourism, as well as in other areas of scientific knowledge. As research methodology was used the multiple case study with exploratory and qualitative approach. For data collection was used semi structured interview. Was used content analysis to evaluate the responses of the students in two Brazilian public universities. As a result, the survey found that: most students think that the filmic approach is valid, despite being little used in classrooms of here surveyed tourism courses; the performance of the film as strategy is affected by the lack of cooperation between students in the classroom and the misuse of the strategy by the teacher; that there is a plurality of cognitive contributions provided by the film in the classroom, the main one being the interaction between theory and practice, where student have co-participation in the film experience. According to students, the film can also provide educational motivation in opposition of the monotony of traditional teaching, such as lectures. However, excess of film use also discourages, the ideal is to use sparingly in combination with others strategies. In terms of effective use of the film in the classroom, the film usually opens the prospects of the students to reflections and metacognition. The film in the classroom also provides gains in knowledge, changes attitudes to deepen the content and increases the skills exemplifying practices.

This study has the main objective to investigate the participatory experiences in Porto do Mangue / RN, in the tourism directions, focusing on the relationship between civil society, the municipal government, to understand how tourism is produced in the local. The specific objectives that assisted in the development of this work were: a) to present the conceptual articulation and logical principles that guide the empirical analysis of this study; b) Characterize the municipality of Porto do Mangue showing the locational tourist processes and programs of the Public Tourism Policies, focusing on participation; c) Identify the types of participation provided by the Ladder of Participation and their instances in Porto do Mangue/RN. We adopted a qualitative approach, with an exploratory methodological approach and descriptive, with the help of technical and documentary literature. We used participatory research through the following steps: application scripts semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from the government (regional and local), civil society and local entrepreneurs linked to tourism; systematization of the information in semi-structured interviews; Meeting for confirmation and legitimization of information by civil society actors. The Bardin (2006) content analysis technique was used to treat the information collected in the field. The answer to the objectives of the analysis carried out on the levels of participation of the Porto do Mangue/RN society, in the elaboration and implementation of public policies for the development of tourism, it can be observed that, in general, participatory strategies that case are concentrated in non-participatory modes and symbolic participation from the classification proposed by (Arnstei, 2002). Without losing sight of the complexity of the tourism phenomenon, the reflections of this study allow us to understand the importance of citizen participation as an instrument to make collective decisions on projects able to meet social expectations. Thus, the results of this study may help in the planning and organization of tourist activity, specifically in Porto do Mangue, strengthening the community inbreeding with a view to the development of the place.

The main objective of this study was to analyze the main actions taken and difficulties encountered by public arenas in the planning process and tourist hub management Seridó / RN. Already the specific objectives were: a) characterize the "Instances of governance" of tourism in the Seridó region; b) raise the profile of the different actors in the public arenas discussing tourism; c) investigate the mechanisms of stakeholder participation in decision-making processes and their roles in the productive chain of tourism; d) identify the main actions already effective on the pole related to the regional development process; e) discuss the main obstacles of social actors in public arenas that hamper regional development process Seridó Potiguar. The methodological procedures used were literature and documentary, with exploratory / descriptive. The research adopts a qualitative approach using as data collection instruments semi-structured interviews. To address the data has adopted the content analysis technique, furthermore, it was made a photographic record in order to get images that can contribute to the research. It was concluded that the establishment of the governance body in tourism, It is making possible new discussions of management and tourism planning in the Potiguar Seridó region. It was also observed that there are difficulties that compromise the growth of tourism in the region, and that the actions taken by the governance body of the Polo Seridó are still off, a factor that interferes with the socio-spatial dynamics and own tourism development in the region.

A Internet está presente em todas as fases de um planejamento de viagem. O fato é que através dos constantes avanços tecnológicos, a atividade turística tem sofrido grandes mudanças. Isso é perceptível pelo crescente número de pessoas que compartilham suas experiências de viagem na Internet. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os fatores que influenciam a intenção de uso dos Comentários de Viagens Online (CVO) na escolha de um meio de hospedagem. Dispõe-se de uma investigação sobre os comentários disponibilizados na internet direcionados para informações sobre serviços e produtos turísticos, especificamente sobre os meios de hospedagem. Propõe-se uma investigação para compreender os fatores influenciadores dos comentários, no contexto brasileiro, através do Modelo de Aceitação Tecnológica, da Teoria Motivacional, Similaridade, e Confiabilidade. A metodologia utilizada foi a de cunho exploratório-descritivo, quantitativo, e bibliográfico. O estudo utilizou a técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais Partial Least Squares (PLS), para testar e avaliar o modelo de pesquisa proposto.  A coleta de dados foi feita com 308 hóspedes, de cinco hotéis, localizados em Ponta Negra-RN, que já utilizaram os CVOs na escolha de um meio de hospedagem. Das quinze hipóteses testadas, nove foram confirmadas e seis rejeitadas.  Os resultados verificaram que os hóspedes entrevistados têm atitude e intenção de utilizar os CVOs na escolha de um estabelecimento hoteleiro.

O turismo de negócios é uma das segmentações turísticas com características de mercado diferenciadas de outras segmentações, como a baixa sazonalidade, não necessita de atrativos naturais, funciona como projeção do destino, além de gerar números rentáveis maiores. Devido ao contexto de viagem do turista de negócios, o hotel na maioria das vezes exerce papel fundamental entre os elementos da cadeia produtiva nessa segmentação. O turismo de negócios em Teresina funciona como a principal segmentação da capital, já que representa quase 70% da demanda hoteleira, daí justifica-se a presente pesquisa ter como objetivo avaliar através da percepção dos turistas de negócios, o nível da qualidade dos serviços dos meios de hospedagens da cidade de Teresina. A pesquisa é de natureza exploratória e descritiva, de caráter funcionalista. O estudo se caracteriza por pesquisa quali-quantitativa, apoiada por uma base em pluralismo metodológico. Para a coleta de dados primários foi realizada a aplicação de um instrumento de pesquisa adaptado do modelo SERVPERF (Service Performance). Os locais de pesquisa foram hotéis da capital piauiense, escolhidos através da Pesquisa de Serviços de Hospedagem, realizada pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE (2011), usando-se como critério de divisão de meios de hospedagens apenas aqueles que se enquadrassem na categoria hotel e dentro da região metropolitana de Teresina. Os sujeitos pesquisados foram turistas de negócios destes hotéis. Para tratamento dos dados, foi usado o software estatístico SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) para a análise descritiva, análise fatorial e matriz de correlação das variáveis; já o software Léxico 3 foi usado para a Lexicometria dos léxicos obtidos na pesquisa sobre a visão de qualidade no serviço hoteleiro dos pesquisados, por fim a análise qualitativa foi baseada nas teorias de marketing, segmentação e qualidade em serviços aplicados ao turismo. Os resultados apontam que o serviço hoteleiro de Teresina encontra-se em uma média regular, com destaque para as dimensões de Confiabilidade e Segurança. Já o índice da matriz de correlação apontou o surgimento de dois fatores para a explicação da dimensão Empatia, um a respeito da organização e outro ao próprio consumidor. E pela Lexicometria foi possível observar a importância para o cliente de outras variáveis como aspectos pessoais, preço e localização para essa segmentação de turismo.

A crescente evolução das tecnologias e das inovações no mercado de trabalho são marcos importantes que contribuem para acelerar a melhoria da educação profissional e tecnológica. A necessidade de se analisar os processos educativos está correlacionada com essa dinâmica, visando dar respostas aos processos pedagógicos e as necessidades inerentes ao mercado de trabalho em evidência. Nessa pesquisa a temática está centrada no processo de educação voltada para atividade turística que tem como premissa a melhoria na qualidade dos serviços, tomando como parâmetro de análise o ensino superior tecnológico da rede federal de educação (IF), abordando a concepção, a similaridade e as divergências nos cursos ofertados, do eixo Turismo, Hospitalidade e Lazer instituído pelo Catálogo Nacional dos Cursos Superiores e Tecnológicos da Secretaria Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia no Brasil. A pesquisa, também visa investigar a concepção e formação destes cursos superiores e busca evidenciar a importância dessa formação para os discentes. A pesquisa é do tipo qualitativo exploratório e adotou-se como procedimentos de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental o questionário com questões fechadas, enviadas por e-mails destinados aos coordenadores dos cursos, como instrumento de coleta de dados, visando obter resultados acerca da Educação Tecnológica na Rede Federal de Educação. Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciam que a maioria dos cursos oferecidos pelo ensino superior tecnológico da rede federal de educação (IF) é de Gestão de Turismo, evidenciamos que essa opção é resultado da facilidade em se montar a estrutura dos cursos em relação aos demais; que os professores vem nessa modalidade de ensino uma opção mais prática para o discente e chegam a considerar que os cursos passam por um processo de fragilidade, uma vez que a formação reside apenas no interesse do discente na obtenção do diploma do curso superior sem a preocupação com a qualidade dessa formação acadêmica. Outra questão levantada diz respeito aos Projetos Políticos Pedagógicos que são construídos na maioria pelo colegiado, outro ponto é que a demanda pelos cursos ocorre por ser de graduação rápida; sobre a permanência do aluno identificou-se uma alta taxa de evasão, ocorrendo em alguns campi a migração para a Educação Superior tradicional, o bacharelado em turismo.

A presente pesquisa consiste em analisar o alinhamento entre as políticas e práticas de Gestão de Pessoas e a estratégia organizacional, adotadas pelos meios de hospedagem classificados como muito confortáveis no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Os hotéis selecionados estão na categoria muito confortável entre os demais empreendimentos com mesmo porte segundo o Guia Quatro Rodas, e por oferecem, além de uma ótima estrutura física, um atendimento de excelência aos hóspedes. Adotou-se a abordagem qualitativa, com estudo de múltiplos casos e de caráter descritivo, por realizar uma análise das relações entre as variáveis (políticas e práticas de gestão de pessoas adotadas pelos meios de hospedagem) para posteriormente determinar os efeitos dessas variáveis sobre os hotéis e seu alinhamento com a estratégia organizacional. A coleta de dados foi realizada in loco nos próprios empreendimentos, através de um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado, aplicado junto aos responsáveis pela gestão de pessoas e a um funcionário de nível operacional em cada equipamento de hospedagem. Para avaliação dos resultados, utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Como resultado, a pesquisa revelou que a gestão de pessoas, praticada pelos empreendimentos analisados, apresentam-se, em alguns casos, fragilizados no que concerne ao alinhamento com suas estratégias organizacionais, alguns por não terem um planejamento efetivo e organizado que determine suas estratégias, o que consequentemente afeta diretamente na atuação das pessoas, e na criação de políticas e práticas que facilitem o processo de trabalho.

Gestão e Inovação são duas palavras que se unem no contexto organizacional em prol do sucesso das empresas. A inovação tornou-se componente essencial para o turismo e a indústria dos centros de conferências e convenções. Considerando os impactos dos centros de conferências e convenções no setor turístico e a constante inovação como estratégia de vantagem competitiva da última década, o presente trabalho utilizou a Gestão de Inovação como chave para o desafio de mudança no Centro de Convenções de Natal. Os fatores em gestão de inovação para os centros de conferências e convenções foram investigados, através de informações na estrutura organizacional e tecnológica dos equipamentos, como o estado da arte da inovação. Os principais aspectos da Gestão de Inovação que refletem na construção de indústria de reuniões é a capacidade de criação e transformação para os centros de conferências e convenções. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória descritiva, com método de estudo de caso, que relacionou a gestão de inovação e o turismo para o Centro de Convenções de Natal. Os resultados mostram que ainda inexiste no Centro de Convenções de Natal, um nível de Gestão de Inovação insatisfatório, pois os planejamentos, lideranças, capacidades, estratégias e implementações para processos inovadores hodiernamente são ausentes.

As Metodologias de ensino podem ser definidas como elementos básicos de discussão da ação docente, no ato de ensinar e apresentar o conteúdo. Existem metodologias de ensino mais tradicionais com seus princípios mais voltados para decorar e o repetir, como também, metodologias ativas alicerçadas no principio da autonomia, e no desenvolvimento de competências. O objetivo do estudo é compreender a percepção dos docentes em relação à adoção das metodologias de ensino para o desenvolvimento de competências do turismólogo no curso de Turismo da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Para alcançar essa finalidade foi realizado um estudo de caso de natureza exploratória, com a aplicação de um roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturado com 29 docentes do curso, selecionados por meio de uma amostra intencional, adotando-se a abordagem de análise qualitativa. Os resultados do trabalho apontaram que os docentes adotam mais um pluralismo metodológico, onde a escolha dessa metodologia é proveniente do perfil da turma e do conteúdo a ser ministrado em sala. Identificou-se ainda que as metodologias consideradas como sendo as mais apropriadas para a aplicação  no curso de turismo, foram as metodologias ativas . Em relação às principais dificuldades e desafios das estratégias pedagógicas adotadas pelos docentes em sala de aula, evidenciou-se  a desmotivação do discente, além da sua falta de compreensão em relação a importância de uma base teórica e de leitura consiste para entender e desenvolver as práticas de turismo, além de permitir a sua aplicação prática, contribuindo assim no desenvolvimento das competências. Por fim, os dados demonstraram que as metodologias de ensino, devem valorizar uma associação entre a teoria e a prática, permitindo uma visão crítica do discente, contribuindo com o desenvolvimento de competências, principalmente com as habilidades necessárias para a atuação do turismólogo.

O estudo apresenta uma proposta que gira em torno da compreensão dos possíveis valores do e no turismo como uma prática concebida em um ser-aí no e com o mundo do e no turismo. Ao considerarmos que o valor é objeto da Axiologia, é visto, com isto, como o preditor da conduta do ente humano, refletindo esses valores mesmos no fenômeno. O objetivo foi compreender quais valores axiológicos seus praticantes escolhem para a prática do turismo e os elos sentimentais aos valores identificados. De natureza exploratória e abordagem fenomenológica hermenêutica, no intuito de compreender o modo-de-ser  valorativo do ser-aí no turismo, dez entrevistas episódicas foram realizadas adotando a conduta simpatizante para captação dos sentimentos intencionais de Max Schele e analisadas à luz da fenomenologia hermenêutica de Martin Heidegger. Com uma série de narrativas, perguntas-chave e outras perguntas durante o encontro social com cada ser-aí entrevistado, proporcionaram a triangulação e confiabilidade dos resultados obtidos. O desvelamento dos valores se deu a partir da situação hermenêutica do ser-aí do turismo, constituída pela posição-prévia, visão-prévia e concepção-prévia. Os resultados mostraram que, em duas grandes categorias que emergiram: Aprendizado no e com Turismo e Vivências no Turismo, os valores positivos: histórico-cultural, autoconhecimento, gastronomia, memória, solidariedade, paz, hospitalidade, intercâmbio sociocultural e receptividade, sobressaem aos valores negativos: falta de hospitalidade, comercialização e consumo de produtos, serviços e souvenires e desrespeito pela diversidade sociocultural. Em relação aos sentimentos intencionais que se direcionam aos valores positivos, foram identificados: amor, felicidade, prazer, respeito e confiança, ao passo que os sentimentos negativos são vivenciados de maneira a transformá-los em experiências de aprendizado para si e para sua circunvisão de mundo em sua cotidianidade. O estudo também mostrou que, com um olhar fenomenológico,  é possível o acesso à totalidade das experiências valorativas e valores, sem julgá-los de forma arbitrária, ou a partir de conceitos ou teorias, indo “às coisas mesmas” que, pelo imbricamento das categorias, disposições e sentimentos intencionais, formam a totalidade mesma das vivências valorativas, sendo possível acessá-las através da ontologia fundamental e originária do ser-aí turístico.

A Sustentabilidade Ambiental é um fator de grande importância para o Desenvolvimento Turistico das localidades, as quais devem ser protegidas e preservadas, para que diversas outras gerações de frequentadores desfrutem das experiências em suas paisagens paradisíacas. Assim, o objetivo deste presente estudo é analisar a Sustentabilidade do Destino Turístico da Praia de Jenipabu, situada em uma Unidade de Conservação no litoral norte do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, na cidade de Extremoz, com 20 km de distância do centro da Capital Natal, sendo de grande importância turística estadual por possuir o mais famoso parque de Dunas da região. Diversos são os frequentadores e seus devidos grupos em uma região turística, e a diferenças de percepções destes quanto à relação de determinados fatores que ocorrem no local, podem determinar o quão sustentável está à mesma ou seu índice de sustentabilidade. Nesta pesquisa foi utilizado um Sistema de Indicadores de Sustentabilidade de Ecoturismo (SEIS) de Tsaur, et al(2006), para auxiliar na verificação deste índice, sendo utilizado métodos de pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, onde os dados foram coletados através de um questionário aplicado junto a 151 frequentadores divididos entre moradores, comerciantes e visitantes, diretamente pelo autor em Jenipabu nos meses de Agosto e Setembro de 2015. A tabulação, análise e interpretação dos dados foram realizadas a partir do auxilio das técnicas estatísticas de análise fatorial e ONEWAY ANOVA, as quais realizadas pelo software IBM SPSS STATISTICS 20. Os principais resultados encontrados foram, a identificação de 14 fatores de sustentabilidade relevantes, dos quais 6 coincidem com o modelo de indicadores utilizado e 8 são novos, além da verificação que Jenipabu é um destino com forte dependência econômica do Turismo, com vários impactos deste na comunidade, a qual não reconhecem os benefícios que a Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) pode trazer para esta e para o turismo da localidade. Concluindo nas diferenças de percepções dos frequentadores que a região estudada da Praia possui baixa Sustentabilidade e necessita do desenvolvimento de diversos projetos e ações para sua melhoria.

Os eventos no mundo são motivadores significativos no turismo e figura relevante no desenvolvimento e comercialização dos planos da maioria dos destinos.  Para sua realização, necessitam de infraestrutura específica, e têm como contrapartida promover benefícios à localidade receptora. Para o sucesso dos mesmos, contam com serviços essenciais oferecidos aos clientes. O objetivo central deste estudo refere-se em analisar os atributos da qualidade dos serviços no Festival Folclórico de Parintins/AM e mostrar como se encontra o nível de qualidade do evento na percepção dos participantes que consumiram os serviços. Como objetivos específicos, foram traçados 3 objetivos: a) Caracterizar o Festival Folclórico de Parintins/AM e o Desfile das Escolas de Samba do Rio de Janeiro/RJ; b) Identificar e analisar os atributos de qualidade de serviços do Festival Folclórico de Parintins/AM e Desfile das Escolas de Samba do Rio de Janeiro/RJ, utilizando-se a técnica Momento da Verdade; c) Comparar o Festival Folclórico de Parintins/AM com o Desfile das Escolas de Samba do Rio de Janeiro (RJ), de acordo com os atributos de qualidade dos serviços identificados e analisados. A metodologia está disposta por análise qualitativa, exploratória descritiva, com observação direta, utilizando-se do ciclo do serviço da técnica Momento da Verdade para observar cada etapa do mesmo. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os atores envolvidos no planejamento, organização e operacionalização dos dois eventos, além das entrevistas com o público presente. Como resposta aos objetivos estabelecidos, pode-se concluir que o nível de qualidade dos serviços oferecidos no Festival Folclórico de Parintins encontra-se insatisfatório em alguns pontos dos momentos da verdade analisados. Observou-se ainda que há limitações que dificultam a prestação do serviço com o nível de qualidade.

A crescente competitividade entre destinos turísticos ambientais tem gerado a emergente necessidade de se definir estratégias diferenciadas que se encerrem como propósito, encantar e reter seus visitantes. Nesta perspectiva, a satisfação do cliente, sua fidelização e o desenvolvimento de apego ao lugar formam um composto sólido na busca da promoção de um destino turístico. O estudo em questão apresenta como objetivo geral uma análise da relação entre apego ao lugar, satisfação e fidelidade dos visitantes, no Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha/PE. Para tanto, foi utilizado um modelo de relacionamento de referência, onde foram analisados vários construtos antecedentes relacionados ao apego ao lugar, satisfação e fidelidade, assim como suas relações entre si. Os procedimentos de pesquisa adotado foram a pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, com amostragem aleatória e composta por indivíduos que visitaram Fernando de Noronha no período de 30/04 a 03/05 de 2013, totalizando 246 questionários, aplicados no momento que o  visitante  deixou o destino, no salão de embarque do aeroporto local. Os resultados demostraram que os visitantes de Fernando de Noronha neste período apresentaram-se satisfeitos com o destino. A sua grande maioria, 90,5% estava visitando o Arquipélago pela primeira vez e com pretensão de retorno e de indicação, o que remete a uma possível fidelização do destino. Observou-se também uma relação significativa entre as variáveis Satisfação, Apego ao Lugar, Fidelidade afetiva e conativa. 

Este estudo se propõe em analisar os fatores capazes de contribuir para o apoio dos residentes no processo de gestão de projetos turísticos ambientais. A relevância de se refletir sobre o planejamento municipal, incluindo a gestão de partes interessadas, justifica-se pelas mudanças de valores econômicos e sociais das comunidades locais, a preocupação com o seu espaço e com a qualidade de vida. Desta forma, o apoio do residente ao processo de gestão de um atrativo, permite motivar e priorizar a opinião desta comunidade, fortalecendo os grupos sociais e integrando-os dentro de projetos e ações locais. O estudo foi caracterizado como sendo descritivo, exploratório e quantitativo. Como modelo de análise, fora utilizadas as variáveis de pesquisa o elaboradas por Nunkoo e Ramkissoon (2012), como maneira de avaliar o apoio dos residentes locais no desenvolvimento do projeto de Revitalização do atrativo Monumento Natural Vale dos Dinossauros, na gestão do destino turístico ambiental, no município de Sousa/PB. Resultados mostram a relação entre as dimensões, confiança nos órgãos governamentais, benefícios e custos ocasionados pelo desenvolvimento do turismo no atrativo como elementos influenciadores do apoio do residente, em consonância com o modelo proposto por Nunkoo e Ramkissoon (2012). Assim, pretende-se corroborar para a inserção dos stakeholders no processo de planejamento no desenvolvimento do turismo desta localidade, visando a participação destes nas tomadas de decisões quanto ao planejamento e gestão do turismo no município, tendo em vista o desenvolvimento local sustentável.

Este estudo versa sobre a gestão do stakeholder primário - comunidade residente, tendo em vista sua participação e apoio ao desenvolvimento do turismo em destinos turísticos. Teve como objetivo geral analisar os fatores capazes de influenciar o apoio dos residentes ao desenvolvimento do turismo religioso em Santa Cruz-RN, assim como as inter-relações existentes entre os fatores. Para se atingir tal objetivo, fez-se necessário à utilização da pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, seguida de uma abordagem quantitativa com aplicação de questionários com 422 residentes da cidade de Santa Cruz-RN. O estudo baseou-se no modelo de relacionamento de variáveis proposto por Nunkoo e Ramkissoon (2012), bem como utilizou-se da técnica de Modelagem de Equações Estruturais – MEE, visando explicar os relacionamentos entre os constructos estudados. Os resultados encontrados pela pesquisa sugerem que quanto mais os residentes perceberem os benefícios gerados pelo turismo, assim como confiem em atores governamentais responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento da atividade turística, mais existirá uma propensão ao apoio ao desenvolvimento do turismo religioso na localidade. Esse resultado assemelha-se ao encontrado no estudo de Nunkoo e Ramkissoon (2012). Conclui-se que o modelo estrutural que melhor representa a realidade de Santa Cruz-RN é o composto dos fatores benefícios, custos, confiança em atores governamentais, esses que são capazes de influenciar o apoio dos residentes santa-cruzenses ao desenvolvimento  do turismo religioso. Ressalta-se ainda que constatou-se relações altamente significativas entre os fatores benefícios percebidos do turismo e a confiança nos atores governamentais, e entre ambas e o apoio político ao turismo.

The impulse buying has been studied since the 1950s, and during that time, both efforts to explain its own concept underwent significant changes. However, there are still several gaps that need to be fulfilled, especially in respect to a model of antecedents and consequences, particularly in the tourism virtual environment. In this context, the emergence of electronic commerce come on the market of collective shopping sites, where your logic of functioning resides mainly in generating impulsive buying. In light of this scenario, this new environment of e-commerce has focused on the tourism sector, generating changes in the supply chain distribution of this industry and consumer behavior. In this sense, this study aims to analyze Accordingly, this study aims to analyze the factors that affect impulse buying of hosting coupons on group buying sites. The research was characterized as exploratory-descriptive, with quantitative approach to data collection was used among tourists in the departure lounges of the Augusto Severo International Airport. The sample composition reached 220 valid questionnaires, through the application of a structured questionnaire with closed questions. The strategy of analysis was the multiple linear regression, operationalized through software SPSS©. The main results showed that the cognitive dimension has a strong influence on impulsivity tourist, and in the background the affective components. Moreover, the constructs "in-store browsing" and " environment” not exerted indicated a strong relationship with impulsivity, despite the widespread influence on the explanatory power in the final model.

Unidades de Conservação são áreas com limites definidos cuja função é a conservação da biodiversidade. A gestão participativa nestas áreas é garantida através da Lei do SNUC (9.985/00) e do decreto 4.340/02 que consolidaram o direito da participação das populações na criação, implantação e gestão das Unidades de Conservação. Um das formas deste direito ser exercido é através da participação nos conselhos gestores da unidade de conservação. O presente trabalho analisa os mecanismos e processos de gestão participativa, sob o enfoque da atuação do conselho gestor, da Área de Proteção Ambiental dos Recifes de Corais (APARC), que é uma unidade de conservação que apresenta o turismo como uma das principais atividades desenvolvidas no local, através da caracterização dos princípios da gestão participativa aplicados na implantação e gestão da APARC, como também da análise da participação dos representantes no conselho gestor e sua atuação em relação às propostas para o turismo. Para isso foi realizado um estudo exploratório e descritivo com abordagem qualitativa. Para esta análise foi revisado vários documentos da APARC e de seu conselho gestor, desde a sua oficialização em 2001 até a última reunião do conselho realizada em 2013, documentos estes compreendendo 55 atas, listas de presenças, decretos e leis. Utilizou-se ainda como métodos de coleta, a observação direta durante as reuniões do conselho e entrevistas de caráter semi-estruturado com conselheiros e ex-conselheiros. Os resultados mostraram que os processos e mecanismos de uma gestão participativa na APARC foram atendidos parcialmente, podendo ser considerada uma prática em construção, necessitando de um maior comprometimento das entidades que compõe o conselho gestor.  Em relação ao turismo, é uma atividade debatida em conselho desde sua criação, sendo assunto de pauta de todas as reuniões, cujos representantes do setor apresentaram maiores índices de frequência, necessitando, porém, de um maior entendimento entre todos os envolvidos no processo para que o turismo desenvolvido na APARC seja consciente, sustentável, participativo e economicamente democrático.

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A pesquisa aqui empreendida analisa o processo de urbanização no litoral de Parnamirim e Nísia Floresta, decorrente do lazer, tendo como principais expressões deste a segunda residência e o turismo no litoral. O lazer promoveu o crescimento de comércios e serviços públicos e privados para atender à demanda consumidora emergente naquela área, que inicialmente ocorreu com os usuários de segunda residência, que começaram paulatinamente a ocupar o litoral desses municípios por volta de 1980 e, mais recentemente, com o desenvolvimento do turismo da década de 1990 até então. Para empreendermos tal análise, georreferenciamos os comércios e serviços públicos e privados do referido litoral, caracterizando-os; avaliamos em que medida os serviços implantados nessa área vêm atendendo às demandas de turistas e usuários de segunda residência; procuramos ainda identificar de que maneira a centralidade de Natal interfere na expansão dos serviços nessas localidades. O recorte espacial da pesquisa compreende o litoral dos municípios de Parnamirim e Nísia Floresta, considerando-se os limites dos Setores Censitários do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. Quanto ao recorte temporal, foi considerada a década de 1990 até os dias atuais. A metodologia consiste em: 1. levantamento e leitura da produção bibliográfica relacionada ao tema pesquisado, servindo de aporte teórico na construção da análise do objeto estudado; 2. coleta e organização de dados secundários junto ao IBGE e secretarias de turismo do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, de Natal e dos municípios-focos da pesquisa; 3. pesquisa de campo para georreferenciamento de comércios e serviços públicos e privados; 4. elaboração e análise de documentos cartográficos e fotográficos; 5. aplicação de questionários e/ou entrevistas junto aos comerciantes, prestadores de serviços, turistas, usuários de Segunda Residência, moradores locais e o Poder Público; 7. transcrição das entrevistas obtidas; 8. tabulação e análise dos dados estatísticos, o que possibilitou a elaboração de gráficos, mapas e tabelas que ilustram os resultados obtidos na pesquisa de campo, embasando assim o estudo. A relevância do estudo se mostra pelo amplo levantamento de dados, envolvendo os agentes da pesquisa, entre eles: turistas, usuários de segunda residência e, sobretudo, os dados referentes ao Setor de Serviços até então inexistentes na área analisada. Quanto aos resultados, verificou-se a constituição de novas centralidades emergente naquela área. Sendo duas delas localizadas em Parnamirim, nas localidades de Pium e Pirangi do Norte, e apenas uma constituída em Nísia Floresta, na Praia de Barra de Tabatinga.

A presente pesquisa contribui para aprofundar o conhecimento sobre como a atividade do Turismo Religioso vem sendo implementada no Rio Grande do Norte, utilizando do estudo de caso da cidade de Santa Cruz/RN, buscando compreender quais foram os impactos que a construção do Complexo provocou na cidade após sua inauguração. Para tal, utilizaram-se os métodos de aplicação de questionários e roteiros de entrevistas, bem como foi realizado o método de observação participante, individual e sistemática, possuindo caráter exploratório, realizada através de uma análise correlacional em relação aos impactos através da inserção do Turismo Religioso em outros locais. Foi realizada, ainda, análise de discurso das falas dos Stakeholders da cidade de Santa Cruz/RN para compreensão da realidade local. Na pesquisa bibliográfica foram realizadas leituras de livros, artigos, dissertações e teses que tratavam da temática, tendo sido necessário a utilização de dados de sites. Quanto aos meios a pesquisa foi de campo com caráter qualitativo, com base teórica principal nos autores: Abumanssur (2003); Krippendorf (1989, Alves (2005, 2007), Ambrósio (2009), Beni (2006), Carvalho (2004), Christoffoli (2007), Dias (2010, 2003), Pinto (2011), Ribeiro (2010), Sanchis (2006), Sánchez et. al. (2012), Santos (2011), Silveira (2007) e Steil e Carneiro (2008). O Objetivo geral do trabalho foi analisar a cidade de Santa Cruz frente aos impactos das transformações provocados pela inserção do Turismo Religioso com a construção do Complexo Turístico Religioso Alto de Santa Rita, sendo os objetivos específicos: Identificar as atividades econômicas desenvolvidas a partir da construção do Complexo Turístico Religioso Alto de Santa Rita com o monumento de Santa Rita de Cássia; Descrever o cenário da pesquisa ao longo do período de observações no que se refere às tradições, rituais e a nova organização espacial da cidade; e avaliar os impactos provocados através da construção do Complexo Turístico Religioso mediante movimentação de capital humano e econômico propiciado através do Turismo Religioso. Ao final da pesquisa, concluiu-se que a cidade de Santa Cruz sofreu impactos em todos os âmbitos estudados, sejam eles: socioeconômico e culturais, em decorrência, especialmente, pela falta de um planejamento turístico previamente elaborado.

Inserido na programação natalina da capital do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, o espetáculo Auto de Natal mescla a história do nascimento de Jesus Cristo a aspectos do patrimônio cultural e natural do Estado, possibilitando a integração de profissionais de diversas áreas, dentre elas, literatura, teatro, dança e música. Importante para a identidade local, o Auto de Natal integra elementos do patrimônio imaterial potiguar. Nesse contexto, a pesquisa visou analisar a percepção dos agentes envolvidos na produção, encenação e gestão do evento, concebido enquanto atrativo cultural e turístico. Para isso, utilizou-se do método descritivo-exploratório, realizando pesquisa de campo, bibliográfica e documental. Técnicas qualitativas foram aplicadas para a interpretação das entrevistas realizadas, enquanto técnicas quantitativas foram utilizadas para a análise dos questionários. A pesquisa constatou que o Auto de Natal tem potencial turístico para agregar valor ao Turismo Cultural, diversificando a oferta de produtos turísticos. Observou-se que a maioria dos respondentes reconhece o Auto de Natal como patrimônio imaterial. Concluiu-se que a temática natalina alusiva à nomenclatura do destino, se bem trabalhada, atrairá mais turistas para vivenciar o Natal em Natal.

Com o crescimento da atividade turística nas cidades brasileiras, surge a necessidade de ferramentas que possam ordenar o desenvolvimento da atividade de maneira eficiente e eficaz. Tal necessidade leva à preocupação de elaboração de diagnósticos que auxiliem os destinos na prática do turismo, principalmente quando dados identificam falhas no planejamento e gestão municipal nos destinos turísticos em nível nacional. Nesse contexto, o Estado brasileiro intervém na área, através da elaboração de políticas de turismo. Com isso, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo estudar os municípios participantes dos cinco “Polos Turísticos do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte”, a fim de identificar fatores que possam influenciar na implementação ou não das sete ações municipais sugeridas pelo Ministério do Turismo, contidas no Programa de Regionalização do Turismo - PRT. Para a realização da pesquisa, foi realizado um estudo exploratório-descritivo de abordagem quantitativa, a partir da coleta de dados em 49 municípios pesquisados, sendo o questionário estruturado, fonte de instrumento de pesquisa. Através dos dados coletados verificou-se que, de modo geral, os municípios conseguem atender as sugestões. Referente ao planejamento e execução de ações turísticas, os municípios ainda não realizam as ações sugeridas em sua totalidade, e quando verificado quais os possíveis fatores que levam a essa não realização, identificou-se oito dimensões possíveis para tal questionamento, bem como a posição de cada município em relação às dimensões. Conclui-se que, de forma geral, os municípios se encontram entre as posições intermediária e menos favorável, o que indica que para a realização das ações municipais estes ainda necessitam de melhores desempenhos.

A vida nunca mais será a mesma depois do boom das mídias sociais, nem para indivíduos, nem para organizações. Por combinar uma porção de atributos de atratividades aos usuários, logo as mídias sociais se transformaram num instrumento de comunicação poderoso. Disciplinas como o marketing rapidamente incorporaram o uso das mídias como ferramentas de promoção, comunicação e relacionamento com seus públicos.  O turismo é um dos setores que se apropriaram dessas mídias. Para grandes organizações empresariais do setor, o uso das mídias sociais já se tornou questão estratégica. Por sua vez, os destinos turísticos parecem responder com menos celeridade, porém a tendência é de que sua participação no composto de marketing das destinações seja predominante frente às mídias convencionais. Os estudos sobre o uso das mídias em turismo estão centrados tanto na perspectiva do consumidor, como é o caso de Fotis (2012), Xiang & Gretzel (2009), como na perspectiva organizacional e de utilização pelos destinos, em que se destacam pesquisadores como Lee (2010), Lange-Faria e Elliot (2012), entre outros. Mas o grande nome neste campo teórico da pesquisa em Tecnologia da Informação e Turismo, sem dúvidas, é o de Buhalis, que vem dando grande ênfase em suas publicações às mídias sociais e turismo.  A pesquisa foi baseada num modelo de monitoramento proposto por Hays, Page e Buhalis (2012), que buscou explorar o uso das mídias sociais como ferramenta estratégica de marketing de destinos pelas DMOs dos top 10 países mais visitados por turistas no mundo. Nesta mesma perspectiva e interesse, tem-se como objetivo compreender e estabelecer padrões de uso mais efetivo das mídias sociais como ferramenta de marketing dos destinos turísticos brasileiros, utilizando como mostra as 12 cidades-sedes da Copa 2014. A pesquisa tem caráter exploratório-descritivo, utiliza de fontes bibliográficas e eletrônicas, e segue em sua metodologia uma abordagem quali-quantitativa. A coleta e tabulação dos dados foram realizadas através de instrumento de coleta manual e do software Microsoft Excel, respectivamente. Aplica as técnicas de Avinash Kaushik e do próprio Facebook para medir o nível de engajamento dos usuários. Dentre os principais pontos analisados estão: formas de uso, identidade visual da página e engajamento dos usuários. Por se tratar de pesquisa em ambiente virtual, os sujeitos da pesquisa foram representados pelas 12 cidades-sedes da Copa e suas respectivas fan pages oficiais de turismo ou de prefeituras no Facebook. Os resultados obtidos permitem identificar as principais características das formas de uso das fan pages oficiais dos destinos, além de demonstrar que estas poderiam ser melhor exploradas, a fim de gerar maior audiência e engajamento dos usuários.

Fatos históricos relevantes e herança cultural incalculável, fatores de grande atração para o turismo, têm sofrido grande descaso quando se pensa na totalidade da oferta turística do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, apesar de toda a diversidade e riqueza de recursos endógenos encontrados em suas diferentes regiões. Tendo como referência os fundamentos dos sistemas regionais de inovação (RIS) e nas diretrizes políticas definidas no programa de regionalização implantado pelo governo federal, este estudo se concentrou na análise da denominada "Região do Marco", litoral norte do Polo Costa das Dunas-RN, a fim de indicar de que forma os recursos histórico-culturais podem fundamentar inovação no turismo na região, aqui representada pelos municípios de Pedra Grande e São Miguel do Gostoso. A pesquisa tem caráter descritivo, utilizando métodos qualitativos de levantamento e análise de informações, configurando-se, ainda, como um estudo de caso. Os dados foram levantados a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, entrevista semiestruturada e, principalmente, pela observação participante. Os resultados mostram uma grande diversidade de recursos culturais na região, tanto materiais como imateriais, que contudo se encontram desarticulados, e precisam ser trabalhados para que possam ser incluídos na cadeia produtiva do turismo. A principal oportunidade de inovação diz respeito à volta do Marco à região, com a construção de um memorial. Pela relevância do monumento e pela evidenciação da região, concluímos que a volta do Marco ao seu local de origem, em articulação com os demais recursos culturais, poderá atrair um fluxo de turistas culturais, caracterizando-se assim, como sugere a teoria, como inovação de mercado ou nicho, em um região dominada pelo turismo de sol e mar e de esportes à vela.

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar como os gestores da hotelaria percebem a relação da teoria do caos e turismo, descrever como é pensada e concebida a gestão do turismo; mostrar as características caopléxicas do turismo e sua gestão e identificar os elementos do padrão estratégico de gestão e planejamento na visão dos gestores dos Meios de Hospedagem. Os dados foram obtidos através da observação direta intensiva e aplicação de entrevistas aplicadas junto aos hoteleiros da cidade de Natal/RN. Constata que as teorias da mudança e do caos proporcionam visão do conjunto de relações, aspectos e implicações do turismo, com base nas incertezas e instabilidades ambientais e de mercado. Mostra que a maioria dos modelos de análise, planejamento e gestão do turismo ainda é limitada, em razão do seu caráter linear e unidimensional. Destaca que o objetivo da teoria do caos é fornecer explicações dos fenômenos, não é fazer  previsões, pois é impossível prever o futuro a longo prazo. Trata das estratégias de gestão como geradoras de novas fontes de incerteza, pois a realidade não pode ser completamente representada por modelos. Ter consciência desses fatos significa, entretanto, considerar o campo de múltiplas possibilidades e oportunidades da mudança e do caos na gestão do desenvolvimento do turismo. Essas idéias foram aplicadas à análise da gestão do turismo na localidade investigada. Os questionamentos levantados no estudo pautaram-se em pesquisa bibliográfica, fundamentada, principalmente, em autores como Beni, Prahalad, Mintzberg, Ritto, Senge e Hamel. Conclui-se que na era do conhecimento, as organizações que continuam presas ao paradigma mecanicista têm dificuldade de acompanhar as mudanças do mercado e sendo a hotelaria uma indústria de serviços que tem características organizacionais complexas e adaptativas, é imprescindível que os empreendimentos hoteleiros funcionem como sistemas interativos, que acompanhem as mudanças de um mercado tão turbulento e instável tendo na teoria do caos e da complexidade uma das possibilidades de compreender a realidade fora do modelo mecanicista.

O atual debate sobre desenvolvimento rural focaliza a abordagem territorial, reconhecendo o caráter multifuncional do espaço rural. Enfatiza o aproveitamento das forças endógenas, a necessidade de implementação de políticas que valorizem as especificidades locais, a participação dos atores sociais na dinamização e revitalização do espaço rural. É neste contexto que o turismo entra como um dos possíveis meios para induzir uma nova dinâmica ao espaço rural, visto que a atividade é tida como um canal para a revalorização dos recursos naturais e culturais, bem como do modo de vida rural. Este estudo trata do turismo de base local como indutor de desenvolvimento rural, traduzindo-se numa análise da realidade e das potencialidades no distrito de Dondo. Nele se propôs analisar as potencialidades para a implantação do turismo de base local no Distrito de Dondo, avaliando até que ponto a realidade local possibilita a inclusão da comunidade na gestão dos recursos turísticos locais. Para tal mostrou-se a inserção do turismo de base local no atual contexto de desenvolvimento rural; identificou-se e organizou-se sistematicamente os fatores que condicionam a implementação do turismo de base comunitária na área de estudo; e verificou-se até que ponto a área estudada corresponde aos condicionantes identificados, mostrando como o turismo de base local pode ser melhor incentivado. Adotou-se um percurso metodológico a abordagem qualitativa, tanto pelos procedimentos e tratamento de dados, como também, pela abordagem crítica, com recurso a pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, entrevistas semi-estruturadas direcionadas ao grupo de gestores públicos que atuam em turismo e lideres comunitários. A análise critica foi feita com base nos princípios de sustentabilidade, nomeadamente sustentabilidade ecológica, social, cultural, econômica e espacial, para além da análise dos aspectos político-institucionais. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que o distrito de Dondo apresenta um potencial para implementação de um modelo de desenvolvimento de turismo de base local, pois ele é rico em recursos naturais e culturais, beneficia-se de uma boa rede de acessibilidade no contexto do mercado da região, a população vive segundo os seus hábitos e costumes e valorizam a sua identidade. Constata-se também uma boa cooperação entre os membros da comunidade, embora não seja em turismo, fato que se observa através do nível de participação da comunidade em associações, cooperativas e núcleos atuando em áreas como agricultura, pesca, extração de carvão vegetal, ambiente, educação cívica, etc. Possui também fontes de financiamento públicas para incrementar ou estimular o investimento local. Apesar de obstáculos como inexistência de políticas e planos locais para o desenvolvimento do turismo, falta de consciência em relação ao turismo, insuficiência em infra-estruturas básicas, bem como em equipamentos e meios de apoio ao turismo, denota-se que estes problemas podem ser solucionados por meio de um comprometimento tanto do setor público, como da comunidade através de uma planificação conjunta e participativa.

Na conjuntura contemporânea, a fase do desenvolvimento do turismo vivenciada em Natal/RN é intitulada de internacionalização do turismo e denota um modelo turístico que apresenta um planejamento e uma gestão pautados nas necessidades dos visitantes. Tal processo tem evidenciado que tanto a produção, quanto a (re) produção dos espaços municipais com o intuito de condicioná-los para o turismo, geralmente exclui de sua composição, as relações sociais que permeiam o local, sobretudo concernentes a população autóctone, e que são inerentes à própria produção do espaço. Desse modo, a pesquisa surge da percepção do turismo como uma atividade com significativo poder de transformação dos espaços sócio-naturais, com forte apelo exógeno, observando a ocorrência de maneira relacionada, de uma baixa participação do residente nos direcionamentos da atividade turística no município de Natal. No Entanto, a despeito desta realidade, já é possível notar que parte da sociedade civil natalense ora organizada, chamada nesta pesquisa de capital social, inicia ainda que de forma tímida, certa mobilização com vistas a desenvolver ações coletivas que combatam os impactos negativos provocados pelo mau planejamento e ineficiente gestão do turismo, buscando efetivar o direito da participação local nos direcionamentos da atividade. Diante desse panorama é que se busca saber nesta dissertação, de que forma a ação mobilizadora do capital social constituído em Natal/RN tem contribuído para redirecionar o processo de produção espacial, inerente ao processo de expansão do turismo no município de Natal/RN?O estudo apresenta um recorte temporal que inicia no ano de 1980, data que marca a primeira intervenção estatal efetiva com a finalidade de desenvolver o turismo na capital, contemplando ainda uma análise da contemporaneidade, isto é, 2012.  Já como recorte espacial, a pesquisa abarca as praias de Natal que concentram critérios e ações como: visitação, apelo turístico e foco de investimentos nos fixos, destacando-se as praias de: Ponta Negra, Areia Preta, Praia dos Artistas, Praia do Meio, Praia do Forte e Redinha. Este estudo se caracteriza como descritivo-exploratório quanto aos seus objetivos, e no que se refere ao tratamento do objeto, nomeia-se como qualitativo.  As informações coletadas junto à amostra foram por meio das entrevistas estruturadas, com questões abertas. Ainda sobre as opções metodológicas, utiliza-se a análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2004) e também foi empregada a metodologia do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (LEFÉVRE, LEFÉVRE, 2005). Os resultados evidenciam que ainda inexiste em Natal um capital social expressivo ligado ao turismo, capaz de redirecionar em totalidade a produção espacial voltada para a atividade e que caiba nos moldes mencionados por Putnam (2006), onde elementos como a confiança e o civismo se unem na busca do bem comum. É pertinente dizer que o capital social de Natal apresenta dificuldades quanto ao incentivo à confiança, à cooperação espontânea e à participação cívica, fundamentos para a formação de um capital social efetivo, fato este, que dificulta uma articulação mais expressiva na realidade natalense. É oportuno divulgar, como respostas às questões levantadas por esta pesquisa, que o turismo em Natal/RN não é includente, fato que fomenta uma segregação socioespacial expressiva, valorizando primordialmente a ação dos agentes hegemônicos (Estado e Mercado), deixando para a participação da sociedade, pífias oportunidades. Nota-se que as ações continuam sendo encaminhadas num contexto de notória ausência de participação popular. Por isso, afirma-se que o capital social constituído em Natal/RN ainda não contribui, de forma ideal, para um redirecionamento mais justo da produção espacial voltada para o desenvolvimento do turismo potiguar e para o bem comum da população natalense. Com base nesses descompassos, considera-se que esta participação existe, mas de forma pontual, não sendo suficiente para provocar um redirecionamento significativo nas ações que o turismo de Natal necessita na atualidade.

O presente estudo consiste na análise das interfaces político, cultural e organizacional do projeto “Caminhos do Frio - Rota Cultural” no contexto da regionalização do turismo no Brejo Paraibano e apresenta a caracterização, roteirização e inventariamento dos 6 municípios componentes do projeto Caminhos do Frio – Rota Cultural, a identificação dos elementos culturais de uso turístico utilizados na roteirização do brejo, a investigação da articulação política e organizacional do projeto e a verificação da participação de cada agente produtor do turismo resultante no desenvolvimento do brejo paraibano. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório, de caráter qualitativo, que utiliza-se do paradigma interpretativista para realizar uma análise do ambiente no qual ocorre a regionalização do turismo no brejo da Paraíba e como os atores sociais participam do processo, de forma a buscar o desenvolvimento da região através da cultura e turismo, com a coleta in loco nos 6 municípios partícipes do Projeto coletadas através de entrevistas aos gestores, comunidade, órgãos públicos  e trade turístico, além do uso da técnica da observação direta. Desta feita, com a análise dos dados pôde-se estabelecer a situação da produção cultural e turística e seu desenvolvimento na região do brejo (PB), onde a cultura apresenta-se um instrumento desenvolvimentista dentro da atividade turística devido ao seu potencial de inovação. Foi possível ratificar a inquestionável vocação do turismo cultural da região em questão, já sendo desenvolvidos outros projetos com a utilização dos recursos culturais tendo uma forte influência nas políticas do turismo regional. Assim, como principal resultado vê-se que o desenvolvimento regional desencadeou um processo de refuncionalização/ reapropriação do espaço que acabou reconstruindo uma nova ordenação territorial através do desenvolvimento de uma autonomia regional de gestão, de uma capacidade de apropriação e uso coletivo do excedente econômico, de um processo espontâneo de inclusão social, assim como de conscientização e mobilização turística (mesmo que inicial e tímido), de uma valorização dos bens naturais e culturais por todos os agentes envolvidos e principalmente de uma identificação da população com sua região e sua cultura, pois para se atingir o desenvolvimento regional não basta apenas o incremento econômico, mas, sobretudo a promoção dos fatores sociais endógenos como a mudança nos valores sociais e culturais e a integração dos atores sociais neste processo. Por fim, levando-se em conta as definições de sustentabilidade, considera-se que não se pode afirmar que o modelo de desenvolvimento visto no brejo paraibano é sustentável, porém é um modelo de desenvolvimento regional baseado nas características singulares que cada município possui e que cria uma identidade regional e têm correspondido às expectativas/ resultados almejados e portanto, a viabilidade da região ao desenvolvimento através do turismo cultural ficou comprovada.

Este trabalho consiste no estudo da gestão estratégica dos estabelecimentos de restauração na rota turística da cidade de Natal, através do estudo do perfil estratégico do gestor e o nível de satisfação da qualidade dos serviços oferecidos. Identifica o perfil estratégico prevalente no setor estudado, mede o nível de satisfação do cliente com os serviços prestados e associa os dois constructos para distinguir os serviços prestados por perfil estratégico. Utiliza população de 33 restaurantes, construída por conveniência, a partir de uma lista  composta com os estabelecimentos associados na Associação Brasileira de Bares e Restaurantes – ABRASEL, revista Veja Natal comer e beber 2011/2012 e informações de nativos. Apresenta metodologia estatística empregada de natureza descritiva quantitativa complementada pela análise bivariada dos dados. O quantitativo populacional demonstra características da não normalidade verificada  através do teste de Shapiro-Wilks. Utiliza os testes de Kruskal-Wallis para a realização da associação das variáveis e do teste de Mann-Whitney para a realização do pós-teste. Mostra que o perfil estratégico prevalente no setor da restauração em Natal é o analisador ,embora tenham sido detectadas as demais tipologias. Constata que o nível de satisfação com a qualidade dos serviços prestados é elevado obtendo pontuação aproximada de 5 pontos em uma escala Likert de 6 pontos. Demonstra que o cliente consegue distinguir a qualidade dos serviços entre os perfis estratégicos distintos. Identifica distinção entre os serviços prestados pelo perfil prospector em relação aos demais perfis, indicando a dimensão aspectos tangíveis como a que apresenta diferença perceptível. Atesta que variáveis presentes no ambiente do restaurante interferem na construção do perfil estratégico e refletem na prestação do serviço prestado.  Conclui que a qualidade dos serviços prestados pelos estabelecimentos de restauração é influenciada pelo do tipo do perfil estratégico do estabelecimento e que o estudo desta relação oferta aos estabelecimentos oportunidade de desenvolvimento e aprimoramento da qualidade dos seus serviços.

O estudo consiste numa análise das pesquisas com temáticas em turismo, em nível de mestrado e doutorado, investigando suas tendências epistemológicas, no que concerne ao tipo de estudo que vem sendo produzido e aos métodos utilizados. Caracteriza-se como exploratório, documental e bibliográfico, tendo empreendido uma pesquisa transversal que compreende o período de 2007 a 2011. Analisa o contexto das produções acadêmicas em turismo, a natureza dessas pesquisas, os aspectos metodológicos adotados nessas teses e dissertações, as inclinações filosóficas e a coerência e contribuição das mesmas. Utiliza como meio para coleta de dados a Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) e as secretarias dos Centros Acadêmicos da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). Emprega a técnica de amostragem por julgamento, e empreende a investigação nos diversos Centros Acadêmicos da UFRN, fazendo uso do método de análise de conteúdo. Mostra que, das 643 pesquisas analisadas, 43 delas possuem temáticas relacionadas ao turismo, o que caracterizou a amostra do presente estudo. Constata que o PPGA é o maior produtor de pesquisas com temáticas em turismo, estando à frente do PPGTur, que ocupa o terceiro lugar, neste  aspecto. Observa que todas as pesquisas analisadas são transversais e a temática mais investigada, com 21% da amostra, está relacionada aos aspectos mercadológicos do turismo, com tema “Administração de Hotéis e Restaurantes (AHR)”. Demonstra que todas as pesquisas da amostra fazem uso de entrevistas, sendo essas, em sua maioria, estruturadas. Percebe que a maior parte desses estudos, com 21% da amostra, emprega o método de análise de conteúdo. Pesquisam-se cerca de cinco vezes mais referências em português que em outros idiomas. Avalia que mais da metade da amostra caracteriza-se como positivista, associada aos aspectos do funcionalismo. Uma minoria de 21% dessas pesquisas busca identificar e recomendar soluções às problemáticas do turismo, ou mesmo representar parte delas. Conclui que os estudos em turismo são, em sua maioria, unifocais, sendo movidos por temáticas relacionadas ao trade turístico. O PPGTur produz um número ainda pouco representativo  de estudos. As teses e dissertações da amostra são limitadas e/ou impossibilitadas de analisar as mudanças do fenômeno provocadas pelo tempo. Apresentam critérios e se utilizam de outros métodos e técnicas para associar-se às entrevistas e à análise de conteúdo, obtendo dados e resultados mais sólidos e confiáveis. Utilizam um baixo número de referências em outros idiomas que não o português. A maior parte dessas pesquisas, caracterizadas como positivista-funcionalistas, investiga o funcionamento de organizações, planejamento, coordenação e expectativas, deixando de lado outras temáticas, também relevantes do turismo. É pouco expressivo o número de estudos que busca identificar soluções às problemáticas do turismo, ou mesmo, que representa parte delas.

Moçambique é detentor de um potencial para o desenvolvimento do turismo, principalmente para o turismo de natureza, devido a existencia de áreas de conservação por quase todo o País. A Reserva Especial de Maputo (REM) configura-se como uma das mais importantes unidades de conservação e tem beneficiado de investimento por forma a dinamizar o desenvolvimento do turismo na região. Atualmente assiste-se a aumento substancial na demanda de visitantes que se deslocam para REM com a intenção de desenvolver uma serie de atividades de natureza recreativa relacionados ao ecoturismo. Atualmente o desafio reside na forma de otimização das oportunidades para o desenvolvimento do turismo com vista a atingir um nível de desenvolvimento econômico que conduza à redução da pobreza, sem degradar o meio ambiente. O ecoturismo face as demandas e discussões ambientais vem se assumindo como uma alternativa para o mercado turístico focado em áreas protegidas, pois acredita-se que este segmento é capaz de conciliar o desenvolvimento do turismo e simultaneamente contribuir para melhorar a conservação do meio natural e ainda garantir a valorização das comunidades locais e promovendo o seu bem estar. Este estudo se propõe a fazer uma abordagem partindo da percepção das comunidades locais sobre o ecoturismo e sua contribuição sócio-ambiental no Distrito de Matutuine, caso da Reserva Especial de Maputo em Moçambique. A pesquisa buscou averiguar as relações entre desenvolvimento do ecoturismo na região e a geração de benefícios de âmbito sócio-ambiental para as comunidades residentes. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, realizou-se uma analise crítica acerca da geração de benefícios sócio-ambientais versus ecoturismo no qual optou-se por uma abordagem quali-quantitativas procurando-se estabelecer o grau de concordância e discordância em relação os benefícios gerados pelo ecoturismo através de entrevistas aos membros da comunidade.

A partir de um apontamento de Ítalo Calvino, em seu romance Cidades Invisíveis, em que o mesmo aconselha a se evitar dizer “que algumas vezes cidades diferentes sucedem-se no mesmo solo e com mesmo nome, nascem e morrem sem se conhecer, incomunicáveis entre si”, é que se inquieta, e se desdobra este trabalho de caráter transdisciplinar (pressupostos sociologia, antropologia, geografia e comunicação). Diante da reflexão acerca da segregação socioespacial e turismo: pobreza-riqueza, centro-periferia, tradição-espetacularização, visitante-visitado, essa pesquisa, ao mapear o circuito turístico, discute o fenômeno sitiando a cidade real e turística: Natal e “Cidade do Sol” – Rio Grande do Norte, através de vídeos produzidos por residentes (documentários) e turistas (registros postados na Internet). Ao fazer uma análise comparativa entre as realidades vividas entre esses dois sujeitos (residente e turista), a pesquisa destaca poucas semelhanças, muitas disparidades de experiência com o urbano, evidenciando a existência de duas realidades bastante distintas (região turística X região da periferia). Baseado na corrente teórica da fenomenologia, da representação social, e se utilizando da análise de conteúdo fílmico, esta dissertação acaba por entender o turismo em Natal enquanto atividade que direciona e concentra os investimentos públicos infra-estruturais à região turística, em detrimento de áreas mais carentes da cidade. A experiência turística promove ao visitante uma viagem segmentada e desintegrada do cotidiano, da cultura e do contato com o residente. Residente esse que em grande parte é morador de área desassistida e carente, sem perspectiva de vida (representada pela Comunidade Novo Horizonte). O confinamento e segregação ocorre até em seus momentos de lazer e expressões culturais (representado pela Praia da Redinha), visto que as áreas privadas e públicas de lazer turístico indiretamente impedem o acesso daqueles que não podem contribuir à atividade de consumo presente nessas regiões.



O presente trabalho tem como objetivo geral conhecer os fatores que contribuem para o sucesso ou o insucesso do poder público municipal no planejamento do turismo ambientalmente sustentável no Pólo Costa das Dunas. Para alcançá-lo foram traçados os seguintes objetivos específicos: identificar a importância que os representantes do poder público municipal do meio ambiente e de turismo atribuem ao meio ambiente; identificar os fatores humanos que influem no sucesso ou insucesso do planejamento municipal para um turismo ambientalmente sustentável; descobrir quais as ações que as prefeituras estão tomando para atingir a sustentabilidade ambiental nos municípios e identificar os principais desafios a sustentabilidade ambiental, relevantes a atividade turística. Foram investigados vinte e oito representantes públicos, onde vinte seis são dos municípios e dois são dos órgãos estaduais de turismo e meio ambiente, nos meses de setembro a novembro de 2010. Quanto à metodologia, a pesquisa foi caracterizada como descritiva, com uma abordagem qualitativa por utilizar técnicas de entrevista e observação do seu conteúdo. Todavia, também foram utilizados alguns elementos quantitativos para medição estatística através de técnicas como: freqüências, médias, desvio padrão, análise de conglomerados, Correlação de Pearson, Correlação de Spearman, Teste-T, técnicas para casos resumidos de respostas múltiplas e técnicas para casos resumidos de questões fechadas. Os resultados da pesquisa indicaram que: a maioria dos municípios dizem estar bem informados sobre as legislações ambientais, tendo colaborado com órgãos estaduais e federais que lidam com o meio ambiente, como IDEMA e IBAMA. Além disso, na percepção da maior parte dos municípios, eles vêm investindo nas questões ambientais para o desenvolvimento do turismo. Observa-se que há fatores humanos do planejamento municipal que contribuem para o sucesso ou o insucesso do turismo ambientalmente sustentável como as pessoas que fazem parte da política partidária de nível municipal e estadual, os vereadores que colaboram para aprovação de leis e os vereadores que impedem a implantação de algum projeto por interesse político e a descontinuidade das pessoas em posições relevantes, que termina por prejudicar o andamento de alguns projetos ou mesmo se renova com novas idéias trazidas por uma outra pessoa. Quanto às ações das prefeituras para se alcançar a sustentabilidade ambiental do turismo percebe-se que a maioria possui um Plano Diretor e um grupo constituído para tratar das questões ambientais e do turismo. No que diz respeito, aos desafios ambientais o saneamento básico tem sido o principal desafio para os municípios e os principais causadores da degradação ambiental são: a coleta de lixo deficiente, esgotos clandestinos e criação de camarão em alguns municípios. Concluiu-se que melhorias devem ser feitas quanto às questões ambientais para tornar os municípios mais sustentáveis, como por exemplo, ajustes em alguns Planos Diretores que não condiz com a realidade da localidade turística, construção de um novo aterro sanitário, visto que ainda existem municípios que tem somente um lixão e comprometimento das autoridades públicas da outra gestão no fornecimento de informações para a nova gestão, buscando dessa forma, maximinizar os fatores de sucesso dessas localidades turísticas, de modo que possam em conjunto alcançar um melhor nível de sustentabilidade ambiental do turismo no Pólo.

Trata da análise de informações disponibilizadas em websites turísticos oficiais das cidades-sede brasileiras da Copa do Mundo de 2014, seguindo o modelo e os critérios de avaliação estabelecidos na metodologia desenvolvida por Díaz (2005). Dentre os principais aspectos a serem analisados, tem-se: informação sobre o destino e serviços locais disponibilizados nas webpages turísticas; capacidade de comercialização e distribuição dos serviços turísticos; capacidade de comunicação e interação dos sites com seus usuários; existência de versões das webs em outros idiomas. Descreve a relação entre turismo e sociedade da informação, enfatizando a importância do uso das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação em disponibilizar informações confiáveis, atualizadas e de baixo custo acerca dos destinos em questão. Por se tratar de pesquisa em ambiente virtual, os sujeitos da pesquisa aqui são representados pelas 12 cidades-sedes da Copa e seus respectivos websites oficiais de turismo (municipais, estaduais e convention bureau), mais o portal brasileiro de turismo, totalizando assim um número de 36 páginas webs a serem analisadas. A metodologia caracteriza-se como exploratório-descritiva, quantitativa, bibliográfica e documental. Aplica técnicas estatísticas paramétricas e não paramétricas, tais como: análise de variância (ANOVA e KRUSKAL-WALLIS) para medir a variação entre as médias dos grupos em combinação com testes de comparações múltiplas de Tukey e Games Howell; teste de correlação não paramétrico Tau de Kendall; e análise de cluster. Para a coleta de dados, utiliza os softwares Microsoft Excel, e o SPSS para a tabulação, tratamento e análise dos dados, através da aplicação de técnicas quantitativas. Conclui que as informações disponibilizadas nos websites estão, em sua maioria, incompleta, pois de acordo com os dados obtidos, verificou-se que os mesmos não são capazes, por si só, de fornecer aos usuários/turistas todos os dados necessários para se planejar uma viagem.

O presente estudo tem como objetivo entender como se dá a percepção da relação entre a atividade turística e a gestão ambiental numa perspectiva gerencial na visão de seus stakeholders em João Pessoa (PB). Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, transversal, do tipo exploratória e descritiva, realizada com os principais stakeholders de turismo e meio ambiente da capital Paraíba por meio de entrevistas estruturadas e da análise das atas do conselho municipal de turismo. Por meio das entrevistas e da análise das atas mostrou-se que os stakeholders de meio ambiente apresentam uma formação acadêmica maior que os de turismo, enquanto estes últimos possuem maior tempo de atuação profissional, de forma geral, a utilização dos recursos ambientais pelo turismo é vista de forma positiva pelos grupos de interesse de turismo em decorrência de conseguir equilibrar o desenvolvimento do turismo com a preservação ambiental, enquanto para os stakeholders de meio ambiente é vista de forma intermediaria já que não utilizam os recursos ambientes relacionados aos resquícios de Mata Atlântica ou as unidades de conservação do estado. Os principais impactos ambientais destacados pelos stakeholders (de turismo e de meio ambiente) foram a degradação dos ambientais recifais, a poluição das praias e a construção de equipamentos de turismo em áreas que deveriam ser protegidas, no entanto, houve stakeholder de turismo que acredita que o desenvolvimento do turismo no estado é tão incipiente que não é capaz de causar impactos no núcleo receptor, também foram considerados omissos ou inconsistentes a atuação da SETDE, PBTUR e SUDEMA por alguns dos grupos de interesse entrevistados. Os representantes das ONG’s destacaram que a relação entre turismo e meio ambiente só poderá ocorrer de forma harmoniosa na cidade se houver uma mudança de paradigma por parte do empresariado e da população local. Apesar da aparente relação harmoniosa estabelecida entre turismo e meio ambiente em João Pessoa, algumas ações dos órgãos de turismo e do Governo do estado vem deixando descontentes alguns stakeholders importantes de meio ambiente indicando que a relação entre turismo e meio ambiente na cidade está se tornando mais tensa.

A dissertação analisa a influência das
relações entre atores da Rede Política do Turismo Brasileiro que compõem o
Conselho Nacional de Turismo no processo de elaboração dos Planos Nacionais de
Turismo (PNT 2003/2007 e PNT 2007/2010), centrando-se em dois principais tipos
de interação: cooperação e intercâmbio de informações. Para tanto, o estudo
parte do entendimento de que a concepção do turismo como um fenômeno humano,
conforma-se como uma base conceitual imprescindível para a elaboração,
implementação e análise de suas políticas públicas. A aplicação da Teoria de Redes e
da Análise
de Redes Sociais, funciona como uma ferramenta analítica, além disso, o uso dos
conceitos de Rede Política (Policy
Networks), permitiram interpretar por meio de aspectos diferenciados, a
realidade social presente no turismo de forma mais precisa e detalhada. O
estudo teve um corte seccional com perspectiva longitudinal e adotou o estudo
de caso, permitindo aplicar o modelo de análise de redes sociais e a abordagem
qualitativa. Através da pesquisa realizada, constatou-se que o processo de
elaboração dos Planos Nacionais de Turismo foi resultado da interação de uma
complexa rede de atores públicos e privados, os quais compõem o Conselho
Nacional de Turismo, e que o poder de influência deles se deu simultaneamente,
mas não simetricamente, pela sua atuação/ intervenção nas reuniões, e pela
posse de recursos econômicos e organizacionais. Assim sendo, o estabelecimento
de parcerias e as trocas de informações entre os atores foram subjacentes ao
processo de elaboração dos PNTs, tanto na percepção e inserção de problemas na
agenda governamental, quanto na realização de propostas que os solucionassem,
norteando assim a construção dos macroprogramas e programas contidos em ambos
os planos investigados. 

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal investigar de que modo às relações de
força, operando nos processos sociais do turismo, têm moldado a urbanização do
bairro de Ponta Negra, Natal, Estado do Rio Grande do Norte – RN. O estudo parte do
pressuposto de que a produção do espaço resulta de fenômenos globais particularizados por forças
localizadas – um processo de glocalização. O lócus de análise dessa investigação é o bairro de
Ponta Negra. Foram utilizados dados primários e secundários e as informações foram tratadas
através da técnica de análise de conteúdo. A urbanização de Ponta Negra está inserida no
contexto da reestruturação produtiva mundial deflagrada na década de 1970. O projeto de
urbanização turística do Parque das Dunas Via Costeira (PD/VC), marca a formação do
Campo Turístico de Natal a partir de 1979. O recorte espacial contempla o período que vai de
1979 até 2009. A investigação histórica desse recorte permitiu dividir o Campo do Turismo
da cidade em quatro grandes cortes temporais: a fase precedente a formação do campo
(1939-1979); a primeira fase que vai do Projeto PD/VC ao "boom" do turismo nacional
(1979-1990); a segunda fase que corresponde à internacionalização do campo (1991-2000); a
terceira fase que vai do primeiro "boom" ao declínio do turismo internacional (2001-2009). Com
base na evolução histórica do Campo foram eleitos três processos sociais diversos, capazes de
demonstrar como as relações de forças sociais interpostas no espaço atuam sobre eles e
contribuem para moldar o processo de urbanização do bairro em questão: a “retirada das
barracas”, o “Campo do Botafogo Futebol Clube” e os “espigões”. Por fim, cumpre
sintetizar que a pesquisa identificou interesses e conflitos entre os atores que formam o fio
condutor das transformações espaciais: conflitos de ordem cultural resultantes da imposição de
práticas sociais que diferem do gosto dos nativos; enfrentamentos entre grupos distintos que
refletem a dualidade entre o valor de uso e o valor de troca; e interesses de valorização
fundiária. Ademais, demonstrou que as relações sociais que implicam no processo de produção do
espaço são estimuladas por profundos processos societários arraigados historicamente e
camuflados por relações de mercado e por uma fachada moderna que a cidade tem adquirido
nos últimos tempos; revelou que os atores se articulam em redes para aumentar seu
poder de influência e que essa influência oscila, principalmente, de acordo com o poder
econômico e político que eles ou seus associados detêm.

O Turismo no espaço rural se apresenta como uma prática no contexto da pluriatividade que se desenvolve nos espaços rurais, introduzindo o setor de serviços interno à propriedade rural. Nesse contexto surge o turismo rural comunitário como uma opção de desenvolvimento em comunidades rurais que mantêm características étnico-culturais solidificadas, cujo interesse de visitação seja motivado pela cultura. Diante dessa realidade, o presente estudo procurou investigar a relação entre o contexto sociocultural e o desenvolvimento do turismo rural, a partir das percepções da população do Catu. A área pesquisada é uma comunidade rural, cujo rio do mesmo nome a separa geograficamente em dois municípios, Catu/Goianinha-RN e Catu/Canguaretama-RN, que tem como base econômica a agricultura familiar. O potencial turístico rural desta comunidade é significativo, frente aos atrativos culturais e naturais presentes. A comunidade Catu é considerada remanescente da cultura indígena dos Eleotérios no Rio Grande do Norte. Para fins desse estudo, teve-se pro base a fenomenologia, cuja pesquisa de configura como exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa. A estratégia de pesquisa utilizada foi o estudo de caso. O universo da pesquisa foi determinado por uma amostragem não-probabilística intencional e a coleta de dados feita por entrevistas e observação participante. Constatou-se que a comunidade do Catu tem uma relação de pertence quanto a identidade indígena, porém, como manifestação cultural, somente reconhecem a dança do Toré. Poucos são aqueles que compreendem o verdadeiro significado do turismo no espaço rural, mas sabem elencar os atrativos do local como as trilhas na mata, as plantações, casa de farinha e a dança. É um local com consideráveis problemas sociais, mas repleto de satisfação por parte de quem mora no Catu. Para os moradores o turismo é bem vindo, fomentará mudanças e auxiliará na manutenção dos aspectos étnico-cutlurais locais.

Estar disponível como destino turístico é uma condição necessária, mas não suficiente para a expansão e êxito da atividade do turismo. Para ser bem-sucedido, o turismo requer investimentos, insumos, planejamento e gestão adequados, como qualquer outra atividade econômica. Um dos objetivos fundamentais da gestão de destino é entender como a competitividade de um destino turístico pode ser melhorada e sustentada. A posição competitiva do turismo pode ser mensurada, medida e avaliada por diversos modelos. Avaliar os indicadores da competitividade de um destino turístico envolve uma análise multivariada, que vai desde aspectos ligados diretamente a atividade do turismo em si a fatores indiretos. Trata-se de elementos que se inter-relacionam e que, juntos, vão apontar a condição competitiva desse destino. A partir da definição e caracterização da competitividade, sustentabilidade e gestão no âmbito dos destinos turísticos, entendidos como os principais conceitos deste estudo, são apresentados os principais modelos teóricos e metodológicos de avaliação de competitividade de destinos turísticos da literatura atual e  representam o estado da questão no tratamento científico do tema. Tais modelos, concebidos por pesquisadores de diversos países e aplicados em diferentes destinos turísticos, são confrontados quanto a sua estrutura, indicadores considerados e localidades em que foram aplicados. O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer e avaliar a condição de competitividade turística do destino Pólo Costa das Dunas, a partir dos atributos condicionantes de desempenho superior do modelo de avaliação da competitividade turística de destinos Competenible, proposto por Mazaro, e que se adéquam  às exigências do mercado internacional consciente da força e importância da sustentabilidade. A condição de competitividade do destino turístico potiguar Pólo Costa das Dunas foi moderada. As potencialidades e debilidades competitivas do destino Pólo Costa das Dunas reveladas através das dezenas de atributos sustentáveis do modelo Competenible apontaram lineamentos e iniciativas que podem ser tomadas no sentido de orientar decisões estratégicas relacionadas ao seu planejamento e gestão. Nesse sentido, este estudo deve servir como suporte ao planejamento estratégico e de gestão a longo prazo do setor e como instrumento determinante para a tomada de decisões relacionadas às políticas públicas, investimentos setorial, monitoramento dos processos, planejamento estratégico, direcionamento e controle do desenvolvimento turístico local e regional de destinos.

O estudo traz uma abordagem acerca do planejamento, transformações socioespaciais e as políticas públicas de turismo implementadas no período de 2000 a 2010 em Caicó/RN, englobando os atores governamentais, setor privado, bem como a população do município e comerciantes informais que utilizam os equipamentos de lazer e serviços dispostos no lugar. Como objetivo principal, a pesquisa pretende analisar as ações do setor público e privado correlacionadas à atividade turística no município de Caicó e seus reflexos no processo de produção do espaço urbano. O projeto está estruturado de modo a realizar a investigação sobre o papel das políticas públicas para o desenvolvimento de uma localidade com potencial para o turismo, nesse caso, o município de Caicó/RN; investigar políticas públicas implementadas no setor turístico do Rio Grande do Norte, especialmente as ações do PRODETUR-Nordeste voltadas para a interiorização do turismo, atingindo de modo particular a região do Seridó e o município de Caicó, e, por fim, verificar as principais transformações socioespaciais verificadas em Caicó no período compreendido entre 2000 e 2010. Os aspectos culturais, identitários e determinadas belezas naturais podem ser vistos como atrativos capazes de atrair demanda turística, levando em consideração o despertar cada vez mais evidente do turista na busca pelo conhecimento das peculiaridades da região. Vários autores vêm trabalhando nessa perspectiva, apontando os aspectos culturais da região como elementos capazes de impulsionar a atividade turística. Os questionamentos levantados no estudo pautaram-se em pesquisa bibliográfica, fundamentada, principalmente, em autores como Beni, Dias, Cruz, Azevedo e Morais. Para obter os dados necessários à análise, os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados consistiram em observação direta intensiva, com auxílio de entrevistas, aplicadas junto aos representantes públicos que estão atuando a frente das ações políticas referentes ao turismo no município e membros do setor privado ligados aos serviços turísticos, tais como estabelecimentos de hospedagem, alimentação e agenciamento de viagens e, finalmente, a população local e comerciantes informais beneficiados, direta ou indiretamente, com os recursos e estrutura turística. Estes agentes da pesquisa foram investigados por meio de formulários estruturados como suporte para as análises. Foi detectado na pesquisa que os equipamentos de lazer e serviços instalados na última década no município de Caicó têm como foco prioritário a população do município, sendo necessário ressaltar que os moradores entrevistados percebem a importância desses instrumentos para a atividade turística. Constatou-se também, que o setor público é o principal mentor das transformações verificadas. Portanto, mostrou-se relevante estudar a atuação pública, parcerias do setor privado e influências da população, tendo em vista que essa análise poderá contribuir com trabalhos de pesquisadores, gestores públicos e empresários, podendo servir como norteador para o planejamento e desenvolvimento da atividade turística no município de Caicó.